regular

• 規則的な、定型的な、定期的な、レギュラーの

関

evenly、fixed、periodic、periodically、regularly、typical

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　

WordNet

1. regularly scheduled for fixed times; "at a regular meeting of the PTA"; "regular bus departures"
2. a garment size for persons of average height and weight
3. a regular patron; "an habitue of the racetrack"; "a bum who is a Central Park fixture" (同)habitue, fixture
4. a dependable follower (especially in party politics); "he is one of the party regulars"
5. a soldier in the regular army
6. relating to a person who does something regularly; "a regular customer"; "a steady drinker" (同)steady
7. often used as intensifiers; "a regular morass of details"; "a regular nincompoop"; "hes a veritable swine" (同)veritable
8. (of solids) having clear dimensions that can be measured; volume can be determined with a suitable geometric formula
9. (used of the military) belonging to or engaged in by legitimate army forces; "the regular army"
10. conforming to a standard or pattern; "following the regular procedure of the legislature"; "a regular electrical outlet"
11. in accord with regular practice or procedure; "took his regular morning walk"; "her regular bedtime"
12. in accordance with fixed order or procedure or principle; "his regular calls on his customers"; "regular meals"; "regular duties"
13. not deviating from what is normal; "her regular bedtime"
14. officially full-time; "regular students"
15. securely placed or fastened or set; "a fixed piece of wood"; "a fixed resistor"
16. incapable of being changed or moved or undone; e.g. "frozen prices"; "living on fixed incomes" (同)frozen
17. fixed and unmoving; "with eyes set in a fixed glassy stare"; "his bearded face already has a set hollow look"- Connor Cruise OBrien; "a face rigid with pain" (同)set, rigid
18. (of a number) having a fixed and unchanging value
19. exhibiting the qualities or characteristics that identify a group or kind or category; "a typical American girl"; "a typical suburban community"; "the typical car owner drives 10,000 miles a year"; "a painting typical of the Impressionist school"; "a typical romantic poem"; "a typical case of arteritis"
20. conforming to a type; "the typical (or normal) American"; "typical teenage behavior"
21. happening or recurring at regular intervals; "the periodic appearance of the seventeen-year locust" (同)periodical
22. recurring or reappearing from time to time; "periodic feelings of anxiety" (同)occasional
23. in a regular way without variation; "try to breathe evenly"
24. in a regular manner; "letters arrived regularly from his children" (同)on a regular basis
25. having a regular form; "regularly shaped objects"

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. 『いつもの』,習慣的な / 『規則正しい』,きちんとした / 『定まった』決まった;定時の,定期的な / 普通の,標準どおりの / 均整のとれた,整然とした / 《名詞の前にのみ用いて》『正規の』,正式の;本職の / 《名詞の前にのみ用いて》《話》好ましい,すてきな;全くの正真正銘の / (文法で)規則変化の / (カトリック教で)修道会に属する宗規に従う / 《話》常連 / 正規兵
2. 『固定した』,据え付けの / (視線などが)動かない / 確定した,変動しない / 八百長の
3. 『典型的な』,代表的な / 特色をよく示す,特徴的な
4. 定期的な,周期的な / ときぎき起こる: / 掉尾(とうび)的の:
5. 規則正しく,一様に;正式に;定期的に

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/08/31 02:31:02」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

The term regular can mean normal or in accordance with rules. It may refer to:

Organizations

• Regular Army for military usage
• Regular clergy, members of a religious order subject to a rule of life
• Regular Force for usage in the Canadian Forces
• Regular Masonic jurisdictions, or regularity, refers to the constitutional mechanism by which Freemasonry Grand Lodges or Grand Orients give one another mutual recognition

Entertainment

• Regular Show, an animated television series
• The Regular Guys, a radio morning show based out of Atlanta, Georgia
• Regular Joe, the second studio album by American country music artist Joe Diffie

Language

• Regular inflection, the formation of derived forms such as plurals in ways that are typical for the language
  • Regular verb
• Regular script, the newest of the Chinese script styles

Mathematics

There are an extremely large number of unrelated notions of "regularity" in mathematics.

Algebra and number theory

(See also the geometry section for notions related to algebraic geometry.)

• Regular category, a kind of category that has similarities to both Abelian categories and to the category of sets
• Regular element (disambiguation), certain kinds of elements of an algebraic structure
• Regular extension of fields
• Regular ideal (multiple definitions)
• Regular monomorphisms and regular epimorphisms, monomorphisms (resp. epimorphisms) which equalize (resp. coequalize) some parallel pair of morphisms
• Regular numbers, numbers which evenly divide a power of 60
• Regular p-group, a concept capturing some of the more important properties of abelian p-groups, but general enough to include most "small" p-groups
• Regular prime, a prime number p > 2 that does not divide the class number of the p-th cyclotomic field
• The regular representation of a group G, the linear representation afforded by the group action of G on itself
• Regular ring, a ring such that all its localizations have Krull dimension equal to the minimal number of generators of the maximal ideal
• von Neumann regular ring, or absolutely flat ring (unrelated to the previous sense)
• Regular semigroup, related to the previous sense
• *-regular semigroup
• Regular chains in computer algebra
• Regular semi-algebraic systems in computer algebra

Analysis

• Regular functions, functions that are analytic and single-valued (unique) in a given region
• Regular measure, a measure for which every measurable set is "approximately open" and "approximately closed"
• Borel regular measure
• The regular part of a Laurent series, the series of terms with positive powers
• Regular singular points in theory of ordinary differential equations where the growth of solutions is bounded by an algebraic function
• Cauchy-regular function, a continuous function between metric spaces which preserves Cauchy sequences
• Regularity, the degree of differentiability of a function
• Regularity conditions arise in the study of first class constraints in Hamiltonian mechanics
• Regularity of an elliptic operator
• Regular matrix (disambiguation)

Combinatorics, discrete math, and mathematical computer science

• Regular code, an algebraic code with a uniform distribution of distances between codewords
• Regular graph, a graph such that all the degrees of the vertices are equal
• Regular map (graph theory), a symmetric tessellation of a closed surface
• Regular expression, a type of pattern describing a set of strings in computer science
• Regular language, a formal language recognizable by a finite state automaton (related to the previous sense)
• Regular tree grammar
• Regular matroid, a matroid which can be represented over any field
• Regular paperfolding sequence, also known as the dragon curve sequence
• Regular algebra, or Kleene algebra

Geometry

• Regular curves
• Regular map (algebraic geometry), a map between varieties given by polynomials
• Regular point of a differentiable map, a point at which a map is a submersion
• Regular point of an algebraic variety, a point at which a variety is non-singular
• Regular surface in algebraic geometry
• Castelnuovo–Mumford regularity of a coherent sheaf
• Regular polygons, polygons with all sides and angles equal
• Regular polyhedrons and regular polytopes, generalizations of the previous sense to higher dimensions
• Regular skew polyhedron
• Regular grid, a tesselation of Euclidean space by congruent bricks
• Closed regular sets in solid modeling

Logic, set theory, and foundations

• Regular cardinal, a cardinal number that is equal to its cofinality
• Axiom of Regularity, also called the Axiom of Foundation, an axiom of set theory asserting the non-existence of certain infinite chains of sets
• Regular modal logic
• Partition regularity

Probability and statistics

• Regular conditional probability, a concept that has developed to overcome certain difficulties in formally defining conditional probabilities for continuous probability distributions
• Regular stochastic matrix, a stochastic matrix such that all the entries of some power of the matrix are positive

Topology

• Regular (or ) space, a topological space in which a point and a closed set can be separated by neighborhoods
• Regular homotopy
• Free regular set, a subset of a topological space that is acted upon disjointly under a given group action
• Regular isotopy in knot theory, the equivalence relation of link diagrams that is generated by using the 2nd and 3rd Reidemeister moves only

Other sciences

• Regular bowel movements, the opposite of constipation
• Regular solutions in chemistry, solutions that diverge from the behavior of an ideal solution only moderately
• Regular economy, an economy characterized by an excess demand function whose slope at any equilibrium price vector is non-zero

Other uses

• Regular character, a main character who appears more frequently and/or prominently than a recurring character
• Regular customer, a person who visits the same restaurant, pub, store, or transit provider frequently
• Regular tunings of stringed instruments, tunings with equal intervals between the paired notes of successive open strings
• Regular footedness in boardsports, a stance in which the left foot leads
• Regular division of the plane, a series of drawings by the Dutch artist M. C. Escher which began in 1936
• The Regular Baptists, an 18th-century American and Canadian Baptist group
• Regular moon, a natural satellite that has low eccentricity and a relatively close and prograde orbit

See also

• Irregular (disambiguation)
• Regular set (disambiguation)

UpToDate Contents

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Related Links

• レギュラー《Regular》

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• regularの意味 - 英和辞書 - goo辞書

regularとは。意味や和訳。[形]1 規則正しい，順序[秩序]だった，規則[規律]的な；((略式))〈呼吸などが〉正常な；〈便通・生理が〉きちんとあるa regular heartbeat正常心拍at regular intervals（時間・空間的に）一定の間隔でon a ...

• REGULAR BLOG

こんばんは。 本日より3連休の方も多いはず。 Regularではこの連休に合わせて大量にアイテムが到着しています。 Second Lab. Mark Mcnairy New Amsterdam Son of the cheese そして本日はWoodrowよりスポットアイテムがドロップ!!!

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「100Cases 14」「periodic」「定期的」「fixed」「定型的」
拡張検索	「regularly」「stereoregular」「regular Gram-positive asporogenous rod」

「100Cases 14」

　　[★]

☆case14　複視

■glossary

diplopia n. 複視

筋力低下、筋無力、筋脱力 muscle weakness, muscular weakness

sunken

vt. sinkのpp.

adj.

沈没した、沈んだ、水中の

沈下した、一段低いところにある

落ち込んだ、くぼんだ

3,4-ジアミノピリジン 3,4-diaminopyridine 3,4-DAP K+チャネル阻害薬;ランバート・イートン筋無力症治療

■症例

43-year-old woman

cheif complaint: diplopia

present history: diplopia and holding her head up ; more marked in the evenings, for the last 3 months. difficulty of chewing. voice has become quieter. weight loss (3kg / 6months). non-smoker. drinks about 15 units/week. no regular medication.

past history: no significant previous medical illnesses.

family history: lives with her husband and three children.

・診察 examination

looks well.

organ systems: normal; cardiovascular, respiratory, and abdominal systems.

muscle power; grossly normal. decrease after testing a movement repetitively.

motor function: normal; tone, coordination, reflexes and sensation.

bilateral ptosis. exacerbated by prolonged upward gaze

eye: normal; pupillary reflexes, eye movements, and funduscopy

■答え

diagnosis: myathenia gravis

differential diagnoses:

CASES

上位and/or下位運動ニューロン motor neurone disease　運動ニューロン疾患：線維束性攣縮。進行例では筋力低下

筋 muscular dystrophy　筋ジストロフィー：ある種の筋肉が選択的に筋力低下する。家族歴がある。

筋 dystrophia myotonica　強直性筋ジストロフィー：咬筋、側頭筋、胸鎖乳突筋の筋萎縮、四肢遠位端の筋萎縮。顔貌が特徴的(前頭部脱毛、無表情、窪んだ頬)。家族歴ある。筋電図が診断に有用(急降下爆撃音)。

筋 polymyositis　多発筋炎：普通は皮疹と関節痛が出現。CKが上昇。筋生検が診断に有用

筋 myopathy　ミオパチー：甲状腺中毒性ミオパチー、甲状腺機能低下症によるミオパチー、クッシング症候群によるミオパチー、アルコール性のミオパチー

神経筋接合部？ non-metastatic associations of malignancy (paraneoplastic syndrome(傍腫瘍性症候群 = 腫瘍随伴症候群)のこと)：胸腺腫の症例の10%に重症筋無力症がみられる。ランバート・イートン筋無力症症候群は小細胞癌と関連がある。

HIM.2674

• 神経筋接合部 congenital myasthenia syndrome　先天性筋無力症症候群
• 神経筋接合部 drug-induced myasthenia　薬剤性筋無力症

Treatment with penicillamine (used for scleroderma or rheumatoid arthritis) may result in true autoimmune MG, but the weakness is usually mild, and recovery occurs within weeks or months after discontinuing its use.

　重症筋無力症の誘発：ペニシラミン(強皮症や関節リウマチの治療に用いられる)。

　　mildだし、薬剤の中断で改善する。

Aminoglycoside antibiotics or procainamide can cause exacerbation of weakness in myasthenic patients; very large doses can cause neuromuscular weakness in normal individuals.

　重症筋無力症の悪化：アミドグリコシド系抗菌薬、プロカインアミド

　　MGの患者の筋脱力が悪化する。

• 神経筋接合部 Lambert-Eaton myasthenic syndrome　ランバート・イートン筋無力症症候群：全身の筋肉が冒されるが、特に下肢の近位筋が冒される。MGと同じように～70%の患者で脳神経所見(眼瞼下垂、複視など)が認められる。MGと違うのは(1)反射が消失・減弱すること、(2)自律神経系の変化(口渇、勃起不全)を生じる、(3)神経刺激検査で漸増(waxing)が見られることである。病因は神経筋接合部のP/Q type calcium channelsに対する抗体の出現であり、85%の患者で見いだされる。治療はMGのように血漿交換や免疫抑制薬が使われる。3,4-DAPやpyridostigmineは症状に対する治療のために用いる。前者は運動神経の終末部でカルシウムチャネルをブロックし活動電位を延長させる。後者はアセチルコリンエステラーゼを阻害してシナプスにおける神経伝達物質の濃度を上げる。
• 精神疾患 neurasthenia　神経衰弱症：歴史的な用語。器質的な障害を伴わない筋無力症のような脱力を伴う症候群。患者は筋脱力や疲労を訴えてやってくる。筋肉の検査では器質的変化は認めないが"jerky release"あるいは"give-away weakness"が認められる。患者の主訴は反復動作による筋力低下よりむしろ疲労や感情鈍麻である。
• 内分泌疾患 hyperthyroidism　甲状腺機能亢進症：MGが疑われる患者にはthyroid function testをルーチンにやる。甲状腺機能異常は筋無力症の筋力低下を大きくすることがある。
• 神経筋接合部 botulism　ボツリヌス症：ボツリヌス毒素はシナプス前膜からの神経伝達物質の開口分泌を妨げる。症状はbulbar weakness (複視、構音障害、嚥下困難)。感覚障害はない。深部腱反射は初期には保たれている。進行すれば反射は見られなくなる。筋脱力は全身性。呼吸困難に陥ることがある。精神状態は正常。自律神経症状(麻痺性イレウス、便秘、urinary retention、瞳孔の散大、瞳孔の反応性低下、口渇)。確定診断は血清中の毒素の検出だけど、見つかることはまれ。神経伝導検査(nerve conduction studies)：compound muscle action potentials (CMAPs)の低下。高頻度の刺激で振幅が増加。治療：intubation for airway protection、呼吸補助、aggressive inpatient supportive care(e.g., nutrition, DVT prophylaxis)。馬の抗毒素を検査結果が帰ってくる前に投与する(？)。
• 上位運動ニューロン intracranial mass lesions　頭蓋内占拠病変：複視はintracranial mass lesionが外眼筋の神経を圧迫することにより生じる。
• 筋 progressive external ophthalmoplegia　進行性外眼筋麻痺：外眼筋の筋脱力を伴う。四肢の近位筋の筋力低下やそのほかの全身症状を伴うことがある。ミトコンドリアの異常を有する。

■参考文献

HIM = Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine 17th Edition

CASES = 100 Cases in Clinical Medicine Second edition

IMD = 内科診断学第2版

「periodic」

　　[★]

• adj

• 周期的な、(天)周期運動をする、周期手金あ。定期の、定時の。間欠的な、断続的な。

関

cyclic, cyclical, cyclically, cyclicity, periodical, periodically, periodicity, regular, regularly, rhythmic

　 　 　

「定期的」

　　[★]

英

periodic、regular、periodically、regularly

関

規則的、周期性、周期的、定型的、レギュラー

「fixed」

　　[★]

• adj.

• 固定された、定型的な

関

clamp、consolidation、fix、fixation、regular、typical

　 　 　 　 　

「定型的」

　　[★]

英

regular、typical、fixed

関

規則的、固定、典型、典型的、レギュラー、定期的、定型

「regularly」

　　[★]

• 定期的に

関

periodic、periodically、regular

　 　 　 　

「stereoregular」

　　[★]

• 立体規則性の

関

stereoregularity、tacticity

「regular Gram-positive asporogenous rod」

　　[★]

• 無胞子グラム陽性定形桿菌