- 関
- tobacco user
WordNet
- a passenger car for passengers who wish to smoke (同)smoking car, smoking carriage, smoking compartment
- a person who smokes tobacco (同)tobacco_user
- a heavy smoker (usually of cigarettes) who lights one off of another
- a smoker who uses a pipe
- inhale and exhale smoke from cigarettes, cigars, pipes; "We never smoked marijuana"; "Do you smoke?"
- a cloud of fine particles suspended in a gas (同)fume
- a hot vapor containing fine particles of carbon being produced by combustion; "the fire produced a tower of black smoke that could be seen for miles" (同)smoking
- the act of smoking tobacco or other substances; "he went outside for a smoke"; "smoking stinks" (同)smoking
- something with no concrete substance; "his dreams all turned to smoke"; "it was just smoke and mirrors"
- an indication of some hidden activity; "with all that smoke there must be a fire somewhere"
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 喫煙家 / (また『smoking car』)喫煙車 / 《まれ》男だけの楽しみの集まり
- 〈U〉『煙』;煙状のもの / 〈C〉たばこの一服,喫煙 / 〈C〉《話》たばこ,(特に)紙巻きたばこ / 『煙を出す』,煙る;湯気を立てる / 『たばこを吸う』 / 〈たばこ・麻薬など〉‘を'『吸う』 / 〈肉・魚〉‘を'『薫製』(くんせい)『にする』,いぶす
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2014/06/22 07:12:48」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
Smoker is a noun derived from "smoke"/"smoking" and may have the following specialized meanings:
- Someone who smokes tobacco or cannabis, cigarette substitutes, or various other drugs
- Smoking (cooking), smoker, an apparatus for smoking (cooking technique)
- Bee smoker, a tool used in beekeeping
- Recruitment process for any of various organizations, including "smoker" (for men's organizations), "tea" (for women's organizations), and "rush" or "rush week" (for university fraternities and sororities)
Contents
- 1 People
- 2 Fictional characters
- 3 Other uses
- 4 See also
People
Fictional characters
- Smoker (One Piece), a character from the manga and anime One Piece
- A smoker, or copper-burner, one of the types of allomancer in Brandon Sanderson's fantasy Mistborn series
- Smoker, a special infected in the 2008 game Left 4 Dead
- The antagonists in the 1995 film Waterworld
Other uses
- Smokers (Footlights), performances by Cambridge University Footlights Dramatic Club, typically late-night shows presenting a collection of sketches and comedy songs
- The Smokers (film), a 2000 film directed and written by Kat Slater
- The Smokers (painting), a 1630s painting by Adriaen Brouwer
- Black smoker, a type of hydrothermal vent
- White smoker, a type of hydrothermal vent
- Smoker Parrot, colloquial name for the Regent Parrot
- "The Smoker," a short story by David Schickler
- Smoker or smoking car, a car on a passenger train, in which smoking is permitted, just as a sleeper or sleeping car is where passengers can sleep
See also
- Chain smoker
- Smoking (disambiguation)
UpToDate Contents
全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.
English Journal
- Implementation of smoke-free homes in Poland.
- Kaleta D1, Fronczak A2, Usidame B3, Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk E4, Makowiec-Dąbrowska T5, Wojtysiak P6.
- International journal of occupational medicine and environmental health.Int J Occup Med Environ Health.2016;29(1):137-48. doi: 10.13075/ijomeh.1896.00435.
- OBJECTIVES: Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) constitutes a threat to the health of many people. In order to diminish ETS exposure, countries (including Poland) implemented legal restrictions of smoking in public places and worksites. Currently more attention is also paid to reduce overa
- PMID 26489950
- Byssinosis and COPD rates among factory workers manufacturing hemp and jute.
- Er M1, Emri SA2, Demir AU3, Thorne PS4, Karakoca Y5, Bilir N6, Baris IY7.
- International journal of occupational medicine and environmental health.Int J Occup Med Environ Health.2016;29(1):55-68. doi: 10.13075/ijomeh.1896.00512.
- OBJECTIVES: Prior studies have been performed on cotton textile plants throughout the world. This study was planned to identify the rate of byssinosis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in hemp and jute workers and those who worked with both of them.MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was
- PMID 26489943
- Quitting smoking: The importance of non-smoker identity in predicting smoking behaviour and responses to a smoking ban.
- Meijer E1, Gebhardt WA1, Dijkstra A2, Willemsen MC3,4, Van Laar C5.
- Psychology & health.Psychol Health.2015 Dec;30(12):1387-409. doi: 10.1080/08870446.2015.1049603. Epub 2015 Jun 3.
- OBJECTIVE: We examined how 'smoker' and 'non-smoker' self- and group-identities and socio-economic status (SES) may predict smoking behaviour and responses to antismoking measures (i.e. the Dutch smoking ban in hospitality venues). We validated a measure of responses to the smoking ban.DESIGN: Longi
- PMID 25959600
- Nicotine reinforcement in never-smokers.
- Duke AN1, Johnson MW1, Reissig CJ1, Griffiths RR2,3.
- Psychopharmacology.Psychopharmacology (Berl).2015 Dec;232(23):4243-52. doi: 10.1007/s00213-015-4053-4. Epub 2015 Sep 8.
- RATIONALE: Global tobacco-related mortality dwarfs that of all other drugs. Nicotine is believed to be the primary agent responsible for tobacco use and addiction. However, nicotine is a relatively weak and inconsistent reinforcer in nonhumans and nicotine reinforcement has not been demonstrated in
- PMID 26345343
Japanese Journal
- Do Participants With Different Patterns of Loss to Follow-Up Have Different Characteristics? A Multi-Wave Longitudinal Study
- 煙草に対する意識 : 非喫煙者・過去に喫煙者・喫煙者の比較
- 症例 急激な経過を辿った緑膿菌による市中肺炎の2例
- 感染症学雑誌 = The journal of the Japanese Association for Infectious Diseases 89(1), 56-61, 2015-01
- NAID 40020335342
- Characteristics and Risk Factors for Type 2 Endoleak in an East Asian Population From a Japanese Multicenter Database
Related Links
- smokerさんのブログ「BLOG SMOKER」です。最新記事は「3本!」です。 ... 寒い夜!!! まあ昼間も寒いけどね・・・ 冬なんだよね。 なに・・・ 雪ですかーーー。 東京も降るのかな??? たぶん降るって
- 秋田在住、男鹿をメインに県内外でアオリイカやヤリイカのエギングを楽しむ、イカれた四十路オヤジの釣行記です。 ... 自己紹介をチラッと見る 出身 : 秋田県在住 年齢 : S41年生まれ 好きな釣り : エギング(釣り歴15年) ・秋田へU ...
- FUKUBA 92年単身NYへ渡る。当時NYのアンダーグラウンド・パーティー"AFTER LIFE"などでプレイ。 KIM LIGHTFOOTと親交を深め96年に帰国。 現在DJ NORIと共に"SMOKER"(第2週)にてレジデントを務める。 "FAMILY"@SHELTER ...
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- ☆case14 複視
- ■glossary
- diplopia n. 複視
- 筋力低下、筋無力、筋脱力 muscle weakness, muscular weakness
- sunken
- vt. sinkのpp.
- adj.
- 沈没した、沈んだ、水中の
- 沈下した、一段低いところにある
- 落ち込んだ、くぼんだ
- 3,4-ジアミノピリジン 3,4-diaminopyridine 3,4-DAP K+チャネル阻害薬;ランバート・イートン筋無力症治療
- ■症例
- 43-year-old woman
- cheif complaint: diplopia
- present history: diplopia and holding her head up ; more marked in the evenings, for the last 3 months. difficulty of chewing. voice has become quieter. weight loss (3kg / 6months). non-smoker. drinks about 15 units/week. no regular medication.
- past history: no significant previous medical illnesses.
- family history: lives with her husband and three children.
- ・診察 examination
- looks well.
- organ systems: normal; cardiovascular, respiratory, and abdominal systems.
- muscle power; grossly normal. decrease after testing a movement repetitively.
- motor function: normal; tone, coordination, reflexes and sensation.
- bilateral ptosis. exacerbated by prolonged upward gaze
- eye: normal; pupillary reflexes, eye movements, and funduscopy
- ■答え
- diagnosis: myathenia gravis
- differential diagnoses:
- CASES
- 上位and/or下位運動ニューロン motor neurone disease 運動ニューロン疾患:線維束性攣縮。進行例では筋力低下
- 筋 muscular dystrophy 筋ジストロフィー:ある種の筋肉が選択的に筋力低下する。家族歴がある。
- 筋 dystrophia myotonica 強直性筋ジストロフィー:咬筋、側頭筋、胸鎖乳突筋の筋萎縮、四肢遠位端の筋萎縮。顔貌が特徴的(前頭部脱毛、無表情、窪んだ頬)。家族歴ある。筋電図が診断に有用(急降下爆撃音)。
- 筋 polymyositis 多発筋炎:普通は皮疹と関節痛が出現。CKが上昇。筋生検が診断に有用
- 筋 myopathy ミオパチー:甲状腺中毒性ミオパチー、甲状腺機能低下症によるミオパチー、クッシング症候群によるミオパチー、アルコール性のミオパチー
- 神経筋接合部? non-metastatic associations of malignancy (paraneoplastic syndrome(傍腫瘍性症候群 = 腫瘍随伴症候群)のこと):胸腺腫の症例の10%に重症筋無力症がみられる。ランバート・イートン筋無力症症候群は小細胞癌と関連がある。
- HIM.2674
- Treatment with penicillamine (used for scleroderma or rheumatoid arthritis) may result in true autoimmune MG, but the weakness is usually mild, and recovery occurs within weeks or months after discontinuing its use.
- 重症筋無力症の誘発:ペニシラミン(強皮症や関節リウマチの治療に用いられる)。
- mildだし、薬剤の中断で改善する。
- Aminoglycoside antibiotics or procainamide can cause exacerbation of weakness in myasthenic patients; very large doses can cause neuromuscular weakness in normal individuals.
- 重症筋無力症の悪化:アミドグリコシド系抗菌薬、プロカインアミド
- MGの患者の筋脱力が悪化する。
- ■参考文献
- HIM = Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine 17th Edition
- CASES = 100 Cases in Clinical Medicine Second edition
- IMD = 内科診断学第2版
[★]
- 英
- smoker、tobacco user
- 関
- タバコ使用者
[★]
- 関
- smoker
[★]
- 関
- non-smoker
[★]
[★]
- 関
- nonsmoker
[★]
- 煙。煤煙。噴煙。(理)煙。蚊やり火、いぶし火。煙色、くすんだ灰色、うす青色
- 煙に似たもの、切り、しぶき(spray)、湯気、上記
- 実体のないもの、空。もやもやした状態/状況
- (動詞から転じて)(タバコ・マリファナの)一服(の量)。葉巻、巻きタバコ、パイプ