WordNet
- too soon or too hasty; "our condemnation of him was a bit previous"; "a premature judgment" (同)premature
- just preceding something else in time or order; "the previous owner"; "my old house was larger" (同)old
- referring to the first of two things or persons mentioned (or the earlier one or ones of several); "the novel was made into a film in 1943 and again in 1967; I prefer the former version to the latter one"
- the first of two or the first mentioned of two; "Tom and Dick were both heroes but only the former is remembered today"
- (used especially of persons) of the immediate past; "the former president"; "our late President is still very active"; "the previous occupant of the White House" (同)late, previous
- at an earlier time or formerly; "she had previously lived in Chicago"; "he was previously president of a bank"; "better than anything previously proposed"; "a previously unquestioned attitude"; "antecedently arranged" (同)antecedently
- prior to a specified or implied time; "she has already graduated"
- a motion calling for an immediate vote on the main question under discussion by a deliberative assembly
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 《名詞の前にのみ用いて》(時間・順序の上で)『前の』,先の,以前の / 《補語にのみ用いて》《話》早まった,せっかちすぎる
- 《名詞の前にのみ用いて》『かつての』,以前の / 《the ~》(二つのうちの)『前者』(の)
- 《場所・位置》…『の前に』,を前にして / 《時》…『より前に』(earlier than…) / (裁判・審理などのために)…の前に / …の前途に,に用意されて,を待って / (困難・不利など)に直面して / (力・勢いなど)に追われて,押されて,攻撃されて / 《順序・階級・価値など》…『よりまさって』,に優先して,より重要で / 《優先》…よりむしろ,するくらいなら(rather than) / 《場所・位置》『前へ』(『に』),前方へ(に),先へ(に) / 《時》『以前に』,すでに(already);今までに,その時までに / (予定より)早く,前に / 《時》…する前に,しないうちに / 《優先》…するより[むしろ],…するくらいなら(rather than)
- 『以前に』,先に;前もって
- 《肯定文で》『もう』,『すでに』 / 《驚き・意外の意を表して》《疑問文で》もう,早くも;《否定文で》まさか
- 判例
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Fulvestrant 500 mg versus anastrozole 1 mg for hormone receptor-positive advanced breast cancer (FALCON): an international, randomised, double-blind, phase 3 trial.
- Robertson JF1, Bondarenko IM2, Trishkina E3, Dvorkin M4, Panasci L5, Manikhas A6, Shparyk Y7, Cardona-Huerta S8, Cheung KL9, Philco-Salas MJ10, Ruiz-Borrego M11, Shao Z12, Noguchi S13, Rowbottom J14, Stuart M14, Grinsted LM15, Fazal M16, Ellis MJ17.
- Lancet (London, England).Lancet.2017 Dec 17;388(10063):2997-3005. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)32389-3. Epub 2016 Nov 29.
- BACKGROUND: Aromatase inhibitors are a standard of care for hormone receptor-positive locally advanced or metastatic breast cancer. We investigated whether the selective oestrogen receptor degrader fulvestrant could improve progression-free survival compared with anastrozole in postmenopausal patien
- PMID 27908454
- Detection of autoantibodies to DSF70/LEDGFp75 in Mexican Hispanics using multiple complementary assay platforms.
- Mercado MV1,2, Gómez-Bañuelos E1, Navarro-Hernández RE1, Pizano-Martinez O1, Saldaña-Millán A1, Chavarria-Avila E1, Gonzalez-Rosas L2, Andrade-Ortega L3, Saavedra MA4, Vera-Lastra OL4, Jara LJ4, Medrano-Ramírez G5, Cruz-Reyes C4, García-De la Torre I6, Escarra-Senmarti M1, Anjos LM7, Basu A7, Albesa R8, Mahler M8, Casiano CA9,10.
- Auto- immunity highlights.Auto Immun Highlights.2017 Dec;8(1):1. Epub 2016 Nov 24.
- PURPOSE: Antinuclear autoantibodies (ANA) targeting the dense fine speckled antigen DFS70, also known as lens epithelium-derived growth factor p75 (LEDGF/p75), are attracting attention due to their low frequency in systemic rheumatic diseases but increased frequency in clinical laboratory referrals
- PMID 27896669
- Optimal control of the Lotka-Volterra system: turnpike property and numerical simulations.
- Ibañez A1.
- Journal of biological dynamics.J Biol Dyn.2017 Dec;11(1):25-41. doi: 10.1080/17513758.2016.1226435.
- The Lotka-Volterra model is a differential system of two coupled equations representing the interaction of two species: a prey one and a predator one. We formulate an optimal control problem adding the effect of hunting both species as the control variable. We analyse the optimal hunting problem pay
- PMID 27642712
- Neuro-fuzzy concepts applied for planning of the cereal crops: applications to the maize hybrids growing in a Romanian region.
- Constantinescu A1.
- Journal of biological dynamics.J Biol Dyn.2017 Dec;11(1):1-7. doi: 10.1080/17513758.2016.1225829.
- The aim of our study is to improve the crop planning procedures using neuro-fuzzy concepts. In this paper we design a neuro-fuzzy procedure that offers the suitable maize hybrid, from a set of preferred hybrids, which must be organically farmed in the current year. Our method is a statistical one, o
- PMID 27629043
Japanese Journal
- Model of the Light-Induced Defect Creation in Hydrogenated Amorphous Silicon
- 福島県産食品の安全性の説明は罹患の懸念を払拭しているか?
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
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- ☆case14 複視
- ■glossary
- diplopia n. 複視
- 筋力低下、筋無力、筋脱力 muscle weakness, muscular weakness
- sunken
- vt. sinkのpp.
- adj.
- 沈没した、沈んだ、水中の
- 沈下した、一段低いところにある
- 落ち込んだ、くぼんだ
- 3,4-ジアミノピリジン 3,4-diaminopyridine 3,4-DAP K+チャネル阻害薬;ランバート・イートン筋無力症治療
- ■症例
- 43-year-old woman
- cheif complaint: diplopia
- present history: diplopia and holding her head up ; more marked in the evenings, for the last 3 months. difficulty of chewing. voice has become quieter. weight loss (3kg / 6months). non-smoker. drinks about 15 units/week. no regular medication.
- past history: no significant previous medical illnesses.
- family history: lives with her husband and three children.
- ・診察 examination
- looks well.
- organ systems: normal; cardiovascular, respiratory, and abdominal systems.
- muscle power; grossly normal. decrease after testing a movement repetitively.
- motor function: normal; tone, coordination, reflexes and sensation.
- bilateral ptosis. exacerbated by prolonged upward gaze
- eye: normal; pupillary reflexes, eye movements, and funduscopy
- ■答え
- diagnosis: myathenia gravis
- differential diagnoses:
- CASES
- 上位and/or下位運動ニューロン motor neurone disease 運動ニューロン疾患:線維束性攣縮。進行例では筋力低下
- 筋 muscular dystrophy 筋ジストロフィー:ある種の筋肉が選択的に筋力低下する。家族歴がある。
- 筋 dystrophia myotonica 強直性筋ジストロフィー:咬筋、側頭筋、胸鎖乳突筋の筋萎縮、四肢遠位端の筋萎縮。顔貌が特徴的(前頭部脱毛、無表情、窪んだ頬)。家族歴ある。筋電図が診断に有用(急降下爆撃音)。
- 筋 polymyositis 多発筋炎:普通は皮疹と関節痛が出現。CKが上昇。筋生検が診断に有用
- 筋 myopathy ミオパチー:甲状腺中毒性ミオパチー、甲状腺機能低下症によるミオパチー、クッシング症候群によるミオパチー、アルコール性のミオパチー
- 神経筋接合部? non-metastatic associations of malignancy (paraneoplastic syndrome(傍腫瘍性症候群 = 腫瘍随伴症候群)のこと):胸腺腫の症例の10%に重症筋無力症がみられる。ランバート・イートン筋無力症症候群は小細胞癌と関連がある。
- HIM.2674
- Treatment with penicillamine (used for scleroderma or rheumatoid arthritis) may result in true autoimmune MG, but the weakness is usually mild, and recovery occurs within weeks or months after discontinuing its use.
- 重症筋無力症の誘発:ペニシラミン(強皮症や関節リウマチの治療に用いられる)。
- mildだし、薬剤の中断で改善する。
- Aminoglycoside antibiotics or procainamide can cause exacerbation of weakness in myasthenic patients; very large doses can cause neuromuscular weakness in normal individuals.
- 重症筋無力症の悪化:アミドグリコシド系抗菌薬、プロカインアミド
- MGの患者の筋脱力が悪化する。
- ■参考文献
- HIM = Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine 17th Edition
- CASES = 100 Cases in Clinical Medicine Second edition
- IMD = 内科診断学第2版
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- 関
- already、anterior、before、fore、formerly、pre、previous、previously、prior
[★]
- 関
- already、anterior、fore、former、formerly、pre、previous、previously、prior
[★]
- 英
- previous、former、previously、before、already、formerly
- 関
- 前、前者、既に、形成剤
[★]
- 対
- latterly
- 関
- already, before, former, previous, previously
[★]
- 関
- already、before、former、formerly、previous