スルファジアジン
WordNet
- a sulfa drug used in treating meningitis and pneumonia and other infections
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2015/08/13 07:43:30」(JST)
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Sulfadiazine
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|
Systematic (IUPAC) name |
4-amino-N-pyrimidin- 2-yl-benzenesulfonamide
|
Clinical data |
AHFS/Drugs.com |
monograph |
MedlinePlus |
a682130 |
Pregnancy
category |
|
Legal status |
|
Routes of
administration |
Topical cream, oral |
Pharmacokinetic data |
Bioavailability |
? |
Metabolism |
? |
Biological half-life |
? |
Excretion |
? |
Identifiers |
CAS Registry Number |
68-35-9 Y |
ATC code |
J01EC02 QJ01EQ10 |
PubChem |
CID: 5215 |
DrugBank |
DB00359 N |
ChemSpider |
5026 N |
UNII |
0N7609K889 N |
KEGG |
D00587 Y |
ChEMBL |
CHEMBL439 N |
Chemical data |
Formula |
C10H10N4O2S |
Molecular mass |
250.278 g/mol |
N (what is this?) (verify) |
Sulfadiazine is a sulfonamide antibiotic.
It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most important medications needed in a basic health system.[1]
Contents
- 1 Medical uses
- 2 Side effects
- 3 Brand names
- 4 See also
- 5 References
Medical uses
It eliminates bacteria that cause infections by stopping the production of folate inside the bacterial cell, and is commonly used to treat urinary tract infections.
In combination, sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine, can be used to treat toxoplasmosis, a disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii.
Side effects
Side effects reported for sulfadiazine include: nausea, upset stomach, loss of appetite, and dizziness.
Brand names
Lantrisul; Neotrizine; Sulfa-Triple #2; Sulfadiazine; Sulfaloid; Sulfonamides Duplex; Sulfose; Terfonyl; Triple Sulfa; Triple Sulfas; Triple Sulfoid
See also
References
- ^ "WHO Model List of EssentialMedicines" (PDF). World Health Organization. October 2013. Retrieved 22 April 2014.
Antibacterials: nucleic acid inhibitors (J01E, J01M)
|
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Antifolates
(inhibits
purine metabolism,
thereby inhibiting
DNA and RNA synthesis) |
DHFR inhibitor |
- 2,4-Diaminopyrimidine
- Trimethoprim#
- Brodimoprim
- Tetroxoprim
- Iclaprim†
|
|
Sulfonamides
(DHPS inhibitor) |
Short-
acting |
- Sulfaisodimidine
- Sulfamethizole
- Sulfadimidine
- Sulfapyridine
- Sulfafurazole
- Sulfanilamide
- Sulfathiazole
- Sulfathiourea
|
|
Intermediate-
acting |
- Sulfamethoxazole
- Sulfadiazine#
- Sulfamoxole
|
|
Long-
acting |
- Sulfadimethoxine
- Sulfadoxine
- Sulfalene
- Sulfametomidine
- Sulfametoxydiazine
- Sulfamethoxypyridazine
- Sulfaperin
- Sulfamerazine
- Sulfaphenazole
- Sulfamazone
|
|
Other/ungrouped |
- Sulfacetamide
- Sulfadicramide
- Sulfametrole
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Combinations |
- Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole#
|
|
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Topoisomerase
inhibitors/
quinolones/
(inhibits
DNA replication) |
1st g. |
- Cinoxacin‡
- Flumequine
- Nalidixic acid
- Oxolinic acid
- Pipemidic acid
- Piromidic acid
- Rosoxacin
|
|
Fluoro-
quinolones |
2nd g. |
- Ciprofloxacin#
- Enoxacin‡
- Fleroxacin‡
- Lomefloxacin
- Nadifloxacin
- Ofloxacin
- Norfloxacin
- Pefloxacin
- Rufloxacin
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|
3rd g. |
- Balofloxacin
- Grepafloxacin‡
- Levofloxacin
- Pazufloxacin
- Sparfloxacin‡
- Temafloxacin‡
- Tosufloxacin
|
|
4th g. |
- Besifloxacin
- Clinafloxacin†
- Garenoxacin
- Gemifloxacin
- Moxifloxacin
- Gatifloxacin‡
- Sitafloxacin
- Trovafloxacin‡/Alatrofloxacin‡
- Prulifloxacin
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|
Vet. |
- Danofloxacin
- Difloxacin
- Enrofloxacin
- Ibafloxacin
- Marbofloxacin
- Orbifloxacin
- Pradofloxacin
- Sarafloxacin
|
|
Related (DG) |
- Aminocoumarins: Novobiocin
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Anaerobic DNA
inhibitors |
Nitro- imidazole derivatives |
- Metronidazole#
- Tinidazole
- Ornidazole
|
|
Nitrofuran derivatives |
- Nitrofurantoin#
- Furazolidone‡
- Nifurtoinol
|
|
|
RNA synthesis |
Rifamycins/
RNA polymerase |
- Rifampicin#
- Rifabutin
- Rifapentine
- Rifaximin
|
|
|
- #WHO-EM
- ‡Withdrawn from market
- Clinical trials:
- †Phase III
- §Never to phase III
Index of bacterial disease
|
|
Description |
|
|
Disease |
- Gram-positive firmicutes
- Gram-positive actinobacteria
- Gram-negative proteobacteria
- Gram-negative non-proteobacteria
- Cholera
- Tuberculosis
|
|
Treatment |
- Antibiotics
- cell wall
- nucleic acid
- mycobacteria
- protein synthesis
- other
- Antibodies
|
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Antiparasitics – antiprotozoal agents – Chromalveolate antiparasitics (P01)
|
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Alveo-
late |
Apicom-
plexa |
Conoidasida/
(Coccidiostats) |
Cryptosporidiosis |
|
|
Isosporiasis |
- trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole#
|
|
Toxoplasmosis |
- pyrimethamine
- sulfadiazine
|
|
|
Aconoidasida |
Malaria |
Individual
agents |
Hemozoin
inhibitors |
aminoquinolines |
- (4-): amodiaquine#
- chloroquine#
- Tafenoquine
- (8-): primaquine#
- pamaquine
|
|
4-methanolquinolines |
- mefloquine#
- quinine#
- quinidine
|
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Other |
|
|
|
Antifolates |
DHFR inhibitors
(antifols) |
- proguanil#
- chlorproguanil
|
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Sulfonamides |
- sulfadoxine
- sulfamethoxypyrazine
|
|
Coformulation |
- sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine (SP)#
|
|
|
Sesquiterpene
lactones |
- artemether#
- artesunate#
- dihydroartemisinin
- artemotil
- artemisinin
|
|
Other |
- atovaquone (with proguanil as Malarone)
- tetracycline
- doxycycline#
- clindamycin
- pyronaridine
- piperaquine
|
|
|
Combi-
nations |
Fixed-dose (coformulated) ACTs |
- artemether/lumefantrine#
- artesunate/amodiaquine (ASAQ)
- artesunate/mefloquine (ASMQ)
- dihydroartemisinin/piperaquine
- artesunate/pyronaridine
|
|
Other combinations
(not co-formulated) |
- artesunate/SP
- artesunate/mefloquine
- quinine/tetracycline
- quinine/doxycycline
- quinine/clindamycin
|
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Babesiosis |
|
|
|
|
Cilio-
phora |
- Balantidiasis: Tetracycline
|
|
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Hetero-
kont |
- Blastocystosis: Metronidazole
|
|
- #WHO-EM
- ‡Withdrawn from market
- Clinical trials:
- †Phase III
- §Never to phase III
Index of protozoan infection
|
|
Description |
- Alveolata
- Amoebozoa
- Excavata
- Protist
|
|
Disease |
- Amoebozoa
- Chromalveolate
- Excavata
|
|
Treatment |
- Drugs
- amoeboa
- chromalveolate
- excavata
|
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|
UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Anti-biofilm activity of chitosan gels formulated with silver nanoparticles and their cytotoxic effect on human fibroblasts.
- Pérez-Díaz M1, Alvarado-Gomez E1, Magaña-Aquino M2, Sánchez-Sánchez R3, Velasquillo C3, Gonzalez C1, Ganem-Rondero A4, Martínez-Castañon G5, Zavala-Alonso N5, Martinez-Gutierrez F1.
- Materials science & engineering. C, Materials for biological applications.Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl.2016 Mar 1;60:317-23. doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.11.036. Epub 2015 Nov 14.
- The development of multi-species biofilms in chronic wounds is a serious health problem that primarily generates strong resistance mechanisms to antimicrobial therapy. The use of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) as a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent has been studied previously. However, their cytotoxi
- PMID 26706536
- Highly water-dispersible silver sulfadiazine decorated with polyvinyl pyrrolidone and its antibacterial activities.
- Li P1, Wu L1, Li B2, Zhao Y1, Qu P3.
- Materials science & engineering. C, Materials for biological applications.Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl.2016 Mar 1;60:54-9. doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.11.021. Epub 2015 Nov 11.
- Highly water-dispersible silver sulfadiazine (SSD) was prepared by liquid phase method with polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) as a surface modification agent. The structure and morphology of the PVP-modified silver sulfadiazine (P-SSD) were investigated by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission elec
- PMID 26706506
- Target analysis and retrospective screening of veterinary drugs, ergot alkaloids, plant toxins and other undesirable substances in feed using liquid chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry.
- León N1, Pastor A2, Yusà V3.
- Talanta.Talanta.2016 Mar 1;149:43-52. doi: 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.11.032. Epub 2015 Nov 14.
- A comprehensive strategy combining a quantitative method for 77 banned veterinary drugs, mycotoxins, ergot alkaloids and plant toxins, and a post-target screening for 425 substances including pesticides and environmental contaminants in feed were developed using a QuEChERS-based extraction and an ul
- PMID 26717812
Japanese Journal
- MRSA形成のバイオフィルムに対するスルファジアジン銀の殺菌効果
- 田尻 豊和,自見 至郎,TANG Keika [他]
- 福岡大学医学紀要 = Medical bulletin of Fukuoka University 42(1), 119-129, 2015-03
- NAID 40020460533
- MRSA形成のバイオフィルムに対するスルファジアジン銀の殺菌効果
- Evaluation of the Effects of Honey on Acute-Phase Deep Burn Wounds
- Nakajima Yukari,Mukai Kanae,Nasruddin,Komatsu Emi,Iuchi Terumi,Kitayama Yukie,Sugama Junko,Nakatani Toshio
- Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine (2013), 784959, 2013
- … Two deep burn wounds were created on mice which were divided into four groups: no treatment, silver sulfadiazine, manuka honey, and Japanese acacia honey. … The redness around the wound edges in the silver sulfadiazine group was the most intense. … The proportions of necrotic cells and the numbers of neutrophils in the manuka and acacia honey groups were lower than those in the no treatment and silver sulfadiazine groups until day 3; …
- NAID 120005347250
Related Links
- Keep all appointments with your doctor. Do not let anyone else take your medication. Your prescription is probably not refillable. If you still have symptoms of an infection after you finish sulfadiazine, call your doctor. It is ...
- Sulfadiazine definition, a sulfanilamide derivative, C 1 0 H 1 0 N 4 O 2 S, used chiefly in the treatment of urinary tract infections, meningitis, and malaria. See more. Thesaurus Translator Reference Word of the Day Blog Slideshows ...
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- ☆case33 頭痛と混乱
- ■glossary
- accompany
- vt.
- (人)と同行する、(人)に随行する。(もの)に付随する。~と同時に起こる。~に加える(添える、同封する)(with)
- slurred n. 不明瞭
- 強直間代痙攣 tonic-clonic convulsion
- 意識消失とともに全身の随意筋に強直痙攣が生じ(強直痙攣期tonic convulsion)、次いで全身の筋の強直と弛緩とが律動的に繰り返される時期(間代痙攣期clonic convulsion)を経て、発作後もうろう状態を呈する一連の発作。
- ■症例
- 28歳、女性 黒人 南アフリカ 手術室看護師 ロンドン住在
- 主訴:頭痛と混乱
- 現病歴:過去3週間で頭痛が続いており、ひどくなってきた。現在も頭痛が持続しており、頭全体が痛い。友人曰く「過去六ヶ月で体重が10kg減っていて、最近、混乱してきたようだ」。発話は不明瞭。救急室にいる間に強直間代痙攣を起こした。
- ・診察 examination
- やせている。55kg。38.5℃。口腔カンジダ症(oral candidiasis)。リンパ節腫脹無し。心血管、呼吸器系、消化器系正常。痙攣前における神経検査では時間、場所、人の見当識無し。神経局所症状無し(no focal neurological sign)。眼底両側に乳頭浮腫有り。
- ・検査 investigation
- 血算:白血球増多
- 血液生化学:ナトリウム低下
- CT:供覧
- ■キーワード&着目するポイント
- ・口腔カンジダ症(oral candidiasis)
- ・頭痛、精神症状、強直間代痙攣
- ・眼底両側に乳頭浮腫
- ・CT所見
- ・低ナトリウム血症は二次的なもの
- ■アプローチ
- ・口腔カンジダ症(oral candidiasis) → 細胞免疫低下状態(DM、免疫抑制、AIDSなど) or 常在細菌叢の攪乱(長期の抗菌薬の使用)
- ・The occurrence of thrush in a young, otherwise healthy-appearing person should prompt an investigation for underlying HIV infection.(HIM.1254)
- ・More commonly, thrush is seen as a nonspecific manifestation of severe debilitating illness.(HIM.1254)
- ・精神症状、強直間代痙攣 → 一次的、あるいは二次的な脳の疾患がありそう
- ・頭痛 → 漠然としていて絞れないが、他の症状からして機能性頭痛ではなく症候性頭痛っぽい。
- ・眼底両側に乳頭浮腫 → 脳圧亢進の徴候 → 原因は・・・脳腫瘍、ことにテント下腫瘍と側頭葉の腫瘍、クモ膜下出血、脳水腫など、そのほか、眼窩内病変、低眼圧などの局所的要因、悪性高血圧、血液疾患、大量出血、肺気腫などの全身的要因 (vindicate本のp342も参考になる)
- ・頭痛と脳圧亢進 → 頭蓋内圧占拠性病変、脳炎(IMD.274)
- ・CT所見 → ringformの病変、脳浮腫、脳圧亢進
- ・低ナトリウム血症 → 脳ヘルニアに続発して起こることがあるらしい。実際には下垂体にトキソプラズマによる病変が形成されることにより起こりうる。
- ・そのほか出身地、体重減少もHIVを疑わせる点
- パターン認識でHIV + 精神症状 + てんかん発作(強直間代痙攣) + 脳圧亢進 + CT所見 = 一番ありそうなのはToxoplasma gondiiによるトキソプラズマ脳症 cerebral toxoplasosis (トキソプラズマ脳炎 toxoplasmic encephalitis)
- ■Toxoplasma gondii
- 原虫 胞子原虫類
- (感染予防学 080521のプリント、CASES p,92、HIM p.1305-)
- ・疫学:西洋では30-80%の成人がトキソプラズマの感染の既往がある・・・うぇ(CASES)。日本では10%前後(Wikipedia)。
- ・生活環
- ・終宿主:ネコ:ネコの小腸上皮細胞で有性・無性生殖 糞便にオーシストの排泄
- ・中間宿主:ヒト.ブタを含むほ乳類と鳥類:無性生殖で増殖、シストの形成
- 急性期の増殖盛んな急増虫体tachyzoiteとシスト内の緩増虫体bradyzoite
- ・病原、病因 phathogenesis
- ・緩増虫体(bradyzoite)、接合子嚢(oocyst)
- ・感染経路
- 1. オーシストの経口摂取
- 2. 中間宿主の生肉中のシストの経口摂取
- 3. 初感染妊婦からの経胎盤感染。既感染なら胎盤感染しないらしい(HIM.1306)
- (4)移植臓器、輸血。確率は低い(at low rate)(HIM.1306)
- ・病態
- 1. 先天性トキソプラズマ症 congenital toxoplasmosis
- ①網脈絡膜炎、 ②水頭症、 ③脳内石灰化、 ④精神・運動障害
- 2. 後天性トキソプラズマ症 acquired toxoplasmosis
- (1) 健常者
- ・多くは不顕性感染。発熱、リンパ節腫脹、皮疹(rash)
- ・(少数例)筋肉痛、暈疼痛、腹痛、斑状丘疹状皮疹(maculopapular rash)、脳脊髄炎、混乱(HIM.1308)
- ・(まれ)肺炎、心筋炎、脳症、心膜炎、多発筋炎
- ・網膜、脈絡叢に瘢痕や、脳に小さい炎症性の病変を残すことあり(CASES)。
- ・急性感染の症状は数週間で消失 筋肉や中枢神経系に緩増虫体が残存
- (2)HIV感染者、臓器移植例、がん化学療法例
- シスト内緩増虫体→急増虫体→播種性の多臓器感染
- AIDSでは、トキソプラズマ性脳炎が指標疾患 AIDS-defineing illness(CASES)
- ・治療
- (日本)アセチルスピラマイシン、ファンシダール(感染予防学 080521)
- ■トキソプラズマ脳炎 toxoplasmic encephalitis、トキソプラズマ脳症 cerebral toxoplasosis
- ・症状
- 発熱、頭痛、混乱m、痙攣、認知の障害、局所神経徴候(不全片麻痺、歯垢、脳神経損傷、視野欠損、感覚喪失)(CASES)
- ・画像検査
- (CT,MRI)多発性、両側性、ring-enhancing lesion、特に灰白質-白質境界、大脳基底核、脳幹、小脳が冒されやすい(CASES)
- ・鑑別診断(臨床症状・画像診断の所見で)
- リンパ腫、結核、転移性脳腫瘍(CASES)
- ・病歴と画像所見からの鑑別診断
- リンパ腫、結核、転移性腫瘍
- ?
- このCTがcerebral toxoplasmosisに特徴的かは不明
- □最後に残る疑問
- AIDSでWBC(leukocyte)の数はどうなるんだろう???AIDSの初診患者ではWBCが低い人が多いらしいし()、HIVはCD4+ T cellとmacrophageに感染して殺すから、これによってB cellは減るだろうし、CD8+ T cellも若干減少するだろうからWBCは減るんじゃないか?!好中球はAIDSとは関係ない?好中球は他の感染症に反応性に増加している?ちなみに、好酸球は寄生虫(原虫)の感染のために増える傾向にあるらしい(HIMのどこか)。
- スルファジアジン
- sulfadiazine
- ピリメタミン
- pyrimethamine
- 葉酸拮抗剤である。
- サルファ剤と併用され、抗トキソプラズマ薬、抗ニューモシチス・カリニ薬として相乗的に働く。
- ST合剤
- SMX-TMP
- スルファメトキサゾール・トリメトプリム合剤 sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim mixture
- □AIDSの定義(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CDC_Classification_System_for_HIV_Infection_in_Adults_and_Adolescents)
- A CD4+ T-cell count below 200 cells/μl (or a CD4+ T-cell percentage of total lymphocytes of less than 14%).
- or he/she has one of the following defining illnesses:
-
- 01. Candidiasis of bronchi, trachea, or lungs
- 02. Candidiasis esophageal
- 03. Cervical cancer (invasive)
- 04. Coccidioidomycosis, disseminated or extrapulmonary
- 05. Cryptococcosis, extrapulmonary
- 06. Cryptosporidiosis, chronic intestinal for longer than 1 month
- 07. Cytomegalovirus disease (other than liver, spleen or lymph nodes)
- 08. Encephalopathy (HIV-related)
- 09. Herpes simplex: chronic ulcer(s) (for more than 1 month); or bronchitis, pneumonitis, or esophagitis
- 10. Histoplasmosis, disseminated or extrapulmonary
- 11. Isosporiasis, chronic intestinal (for more than 1 month)
- 12. Kaposi's sarcoma
- 13. Lymphoma Burkitt's, immunoblastic or primary brain
- 14. Mycobacterium avium complex
- 15. Mycobacterium, other species, disseminated or extrapulmonary
- 16. Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia
- 17. Pneumonia (recurrent)
- 18. Progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy
- 19. Salmonella septicemia (recurrent)
- 20. Toxoplasmosis of the brain
- 21. Tuberculosis
- 22. Wasting syndrome due to HIV
- People who are not infected with HIV may also develop these conditions; this does not mean they have AIDS. However, when an individual presents laboratory evidence against HIV infection, a diagnosis of AIDS is ruled out unless the patient has not:
-
- AND
- □AIDSのステージング
- ■参考文献
- HIM = Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine 17th Edition
- CASES = 100 Cases in Clinical Medicine Second edition
- IMD = 内科診断学第2版
[★]
- 英
- sulfadiazine
- 化
- スルファジアジン銀 sulfadiazine silver
- 商
- テラジア
- 関
- スルファジアジン銀
[★]
スルファジアジン銀
- 関
- silver sulfadiazine、sulfadiazine
[★]
スルファジアジン銀