adj.

局在型の、局在的な、局在性の、限局性の

関: circumscribed、focal、local、localization、localized type、locally

WordNet

made local or oriented locally; "a decentralized and localized political authority" (同)localised
confined or restricted to a particular location; "the localized infection formed a definite abscess" (同)localised
relating to or applicable to or concerned with the administration of a city or town or district rather than a larger area; "local taxes"; "local authorities"
public transport consisting of a bus or train that stops at all stations or stops; "the local seemed to take forever to get to New York"
affecting only a restricted part or area of the body; "local anesthesia"
of or belonging to or characteristic of a particular locality or neighborhood; "local customs"; "local schools"; "the local citizens"; "a local point of view"; "local outbreaks of flu"; "a local bus line"
of or relating to a focus; "focal length"
having or localized centrally at a focus; "focal point"; "focal infection"
by a particular locality; "it was locally decided"
to a restricted area of the body; "apply this medicine topically" (同)topically
a determination of the place where something is; "he got a good fix on the target" (同)localisation, location, locating, fix
concentrate on a particular place or spot; "The infection has localized in the left eye" (同)localise, focalize, focalise
restrict something to a particular area (同)localise

PrepTutorEJDIC

『一地方の』,ある土地の,(特に)自分の住んでいる土地の;地方に特有な / (全体からみて)『部分的な』,局部の,狭い部分の / 《米》各駅停車の / 《話》《しばしば複数形で》その土地に住んでいる人々 / 《米話》(新聞の)地方記事 / 《話》(各駅停車の)列車,電車,バス / 《米》(労働組合などの)支部
低カロリーの
焦点の
地方的に,局部的に;近くに

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2017/06/17 21:29:53」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

Local usually refers to something nearby, or in the immediate area.

Local may refer to:

Geography and transportation

Local (train), a train serving local traffic demand
Local government, a form of public administration, usually the lowest tier of administration
Local, Missouri, a community in the United States
Local news, coverage of events in a local context which would not normally be of interest to those of other localities
Local union, a locally based trade union organization which forms part of a larger union

Life sciences and health care

Local anesthesia, any technique to induce the absence of sensation in part of the body
Local disease (localized disease), disease confined to an area of the body (rather than systemic)

Computing

Local variable, a variable that is given local scope
Locale (computer software), environment variables of operating systems for region- or language-specific formatting options
.local, network address component

Mathematics

Local class field theory, the study of abelian extensions of local fields
Local field, a special type of field that is a locally compact topological field with respect to a non-discrete topology
- Local Fields (book), an algebraic number theory textbook by Jean-Pierre Serre
Local-global principle, idea that one can find an integer solution to an equation using the Chinese remainder theorem
Local martingale, a type of stochastic process, satisfying the localized version of the martingale property
Local property, property which occurs on sufficiently small or arbitrarily small neighborhoods of points
Local ring, the branch of commutative algebra that studies local rings and their modules
Local symbol (disambiguation), uses in various subfields of mathematics
Local zeta-function, a function whose logarithmic derivative is a generating function for the number of solutions of a set of equations defined over a finite field

Media and publishing

Local (novel), a 2001 novel written by Jaideep Varma
Local (comics), a twelve-part Oni Press comic book limited series written by Brian Wood and illustrated by Ryan Kelly
Local TV LLC, a television broadcasting company which operates 20 television stations in the United States
The Local, an English-language Swedish news website

Other uses

Pub, a drinking establishment, known as a "local" to its regulars

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 小児期の限局性強皮症 localized scleroderma in childhood
2. 成人における斑状強皮症（限局性強皮症）の治療 treatment of morphea localized scleroderma in adults
3. 成人における限局性強皮症の病因、臨床症状、および診断 pathogenesis clinical manifestations and diagnosis of morphea localized scleroderma in adults
4. 成人におけるライム病の臨床症状 clinical manifestations of lyme disease in adults
5. 限局性、誘発性外陰部痛（旧名：外陰部前庭炎）の臨床症状および診断 clinical manifestations and diagnosis of localized provoked vulvodynia formerly vulvar vestibulitis

English Journal

Recent developments in time-of-flight PET.

Vandenberghe S1, Mikhaylova E2, D'Hoe E2, Mollet P2, Karp JS3.
EJNMMI physics.EJNMMI Phys.2016 Dec;3(1):3. doi: 10.1186/s40658-016-0138-3. Epub 2016 Feb 16.
While the first time-of-flight (TOF)-positron emission tomography (PET) systems were already built in the early 1980s, limited clinical studies were acquired on these scanners. PET was still a research tool, and the available TOF-PET systems were experimental. Due to a combination of low stopping po
PMID 26879863

Wilson-Cowan Equations for Neocortical Dynamics.

Cowan JD1, Neuman J2, van Drongelen W3.
Journal of mathematical neuroscience.J Math Neurosci.2016 Dec;6(1):1. doi: 10.1186/s13408-015-0034-5. Epub 2016 Jan 4.
In 1972-1973 Wilson and Cowan introduced a mathematical model of the population dynamics of synaptically coupled excitatory and inhibitory neurons in the neocortex. The model dealt only with the mean numbers of activated and quiescent excitatory and inhibitory neurons, and said nothing about fluctua
PMID 26728012

Sunlight-Induced Coloration of Silk.

Yao Y1,2, Tang B3,4, Chen W1, Sun L1,2, Wang X5,6.
Nanoscale research letters.Nanoscale Res Lett.2016 Dec;11(1):293. doi: 10.1186/s11671-016-1506-6. Epub 2016 Jun 14.
Silk fabrics were colored by gold nanoparticles (NPs) that were in situ synthesized through the induction of sunlight. Owing to the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of gold NPs, the treated silk fabrics presented vivid colors. The photo-induced synthesis of gold NPs was also realized on we
PMID 27297220

Facile Synthesis of Smart Nanocontainers as Key Components for Construction of Self-Healing Coating with Superhydrophobic Surfaces.

Liang Y1, Wang M2, Wang C2, Feng J2, Li J1, Wang L1, Fu J3,4.
Nanoscale research letters.Nanoscale Res Lett.2016 Dec;11(1):231. doi: 10.1186/s11671-016-1444-3. Epub 2016 Apr 28.
SiO2-imidazoline nanocomposites (SiO2-IMI) owning high loading capacity of corrosion inhibitor, 1-hexadecyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide (HMID), and a special acid/alkali dual-stimuli-accelerated release property have been synthesized via a one-step modified Stöber method. SiO2-IMI were uniformly di
PMID 27121439

Japanese Journal

専門医試験をめざす症例問題トレーニング骨・軟部腫瘍

播广谷勝三
整形外科 = Orthopedic surgery 66(1), 70-75, 2015-01
NAID 40020306104

Co-localization of iron binding on silica with p62/sequestosome1 (SQSTM1) in lung granulomas of mice with acute silicosis

Shimizu Yasuo,Dobashi Kunio,Nagase Hiroyuki,Ohta Ken,Sano Takaaki,Matsuzaki Shinichi,Ishii Yoshiki,Satoh Takahiro,Koka Masashi,Yokoyama Akihito,Ohkubo Takeru,Ishii Yasuyuki,Kamiya Tomihiro
Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Nutrition, 2015
… Fas- and p62-expressing histiocytes were co-localized in granulomas with silica particles that showed an increase of iron levels on silica particles in mouse lungs. …
NAID 130004704980

Synthesis and Optical-electronic Properties of a Novel Star-shaped Benzodithiophene Molecule

Sheng Ruiying,Liu Qian,Qiu Meng,Gu Chuantao,Zhou Yuanhang,Ren Junzhen,Sun Mingliang,Yang Renqiang
Chemistry Letters, 2015
… DFT results show that the electron density of the HOMO and LUMO are localized on the thiophene and BDT groups. …
NAID 130004703987

Nano-scale identification of extracellular organic substances at microbe-mineral interface by scanning transmission X-ray microscopy (STXM)

Mitsunobu Satoshi,Zhu Ming,Takeichi Yasuo,Ohigashi Takuji,Suga Hiroki,Makita Hiroko,Sakata Masahiro,Ono Kanta,Mase Kazuhiko,Takahashi Yoshio
Chemistry Letters, 2015
… STXM-based carbon and oxygen near edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) directly showed that polysaccharides were localized within 150 nm of the bacteria-pyrite boundary, and that sessile bioleaching bacteria produced polysaccharides-abundant extracellular biomolecules on the pyrite grain. …
NAID 130004701548

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「100Cases 76」「local」「focal」「局在性」「locally」
拡張検索	「localized amyloidosis」「mislocalized」「acute localized external ottis」
関連記事	「localize」

「100Cases 76」

　　[★]

☆case76　頭痛

■glossary

傾眠 drowsiness 正常、病的の区別なく眠り込む場合に用いられる

意識不鮮明　 confusion 周囲に対する認識や理解は低下し、思考の清明さや、記憶の正確さが失われる

錯乱　 confusion　夢幻様状態より見当識障害と思考の滅裂が見られる状態(PSY.40)

MA = Master of Arts 文学修士

　The Master of Arts (BrE: MA, UsE: M.A.) is awarded in Arts, Humanities, Theology and Social Sciences (Wikipedia)

graduate student 大学院生

rousable adj. 覚醒できる、目を覚ますことができる

rouse vt. ～の目を覚まさせる、呼び起こす。喚起する、鼓舞する、奮起させる。(感情を)起こさせる、かき立てる

lateralize vt. (生理)(大脳が)(左右半球に心的機能差がある、左右差がある。(器官・機能・活動などが)大脳の(左右いずれかの)片側優位下にある。(医学)(障害などが)大脳の片半球にあると診断される

乳頭浮腫 papilledema 原因を問わず視神経乳頭が腫脹している状態

うっ血乳頭 choked disc 脳圧亢進による乳頭浮腫

■症例

24歳、男性　精神学の修士過程を専攻している大学院生

主訴：激しい頭痛

現病歴：頭部全体に痛みがある。2回嘔吐。傾眠と錯乱が認められるようになった。明るい光を嫌う()he finds bright lights uncomfortable。

既往歴：病気の既往はない。アレルギーはない。タバコ1日10本。アルコール24 unit/week(缶ビール(350ml)13.7本/週)。薬は服用してない。

家族歴：彼女と同居。3歳と4歳の子供がいる。

・診察 examination

　見た感じ紅潮しており、調子が悪そう。体温：39.2℃。項部硬直あり(he has stiffness on passice flexion of his neck)。皮疹なし。副鼻腔に圧痛なし。鼓膜所見は正常。脈拍：120/分。血圧：98/74 mmHg。心血管系、胸部、腹部に異常所見なし(normal)。意識レベル低下。命令に応じて覚醒する(JCS10？)。局所神経症状認めない。眼底所見正常

・検査 investigation

　血液検査

　　白血球：上昇。血清 Na：低下。血清尿素：上昇。血清クレアチニン：上昇。血液培養：検査中

　画像検査

　　胸部X線：異常所見なし。頭部 CT：正常

　心電図：洞性頻脈

　腰椎穿刺

　　髄液所見：混濁。白血球：増多。蛋白：増多。糖：低下(普通の人の血糖100mg/dLと考える。→　1g/L　→　1/180　mol/L　→　5.56 mmol/L。グラム染色：結果待ち

■Q

　診断、鑑別診断、管理

■A

　細菌性髄膜炎、髄膜炎・クモ膜下出血、経験的抗菌薬投与・