- 同
- protectin
-HRF
- 同
- homologous restriction factor
- 同
- Complement protein; Membrane inhib- itor reactive lysis; Homologous restriction factor 20
- 同
- protectin
PrepTutorEJDIC
- certificate of deposit / (また『C.D.』)Civil Defense民間防衛
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2016/02/29 20:02:16」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
CD59 molecule, complement regulatory protein |
PDB rendering based on 1cdq.
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Available structures |
PDB |
Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB |
List of PDB id codes |
1CDQ, 1CDR, 1CDS, 1ERG, 1ERH, 2J8B, 2OFS, 2UWR, 2UX2, 4BIK
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Identifiers |
Symbols |
CD59 ; 16.3A5; 1F5; EJ16; EJ30; EL32; G344; HRF-20; HRF20; MAC-IP; MACIF; MEM43; MIC11; MIN1; MIN2; MIN3; MIRL; MSK21; p18-20 |
External IDs |
OMIM: 107271 MGI: 1888996 HomoloGene: 56386 GeneCards: CD59 Gene |
Gene ontology |
Molecular function |
• complement binding
• protein binding
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Cellular component |
• extracellular space
• plasma membrane
• focal adhesion
• cell surface
• membrane
• anchored component of external side of plasma membrane
• vesicle
• sarcolemma
• compact myelin
• extracellular exosome
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Biological process |
• negative regulation of activation of membrane attack complex
• cell surface receptor signaling pathway
• blood coagulation
• regulation of complement activation
• positive regulation of T cell proliferation
• negative regulation of apoptotic process
• innate immune response
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Sources: Amigo / QuickGO |
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RNA expression pattern |
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More reference expression data |
Orthologs |
Species |
Human |
Mouse |
Entrez |
966 |
333883 |
Ensembl |
ENSG00000085063 |
ENSMUSG00000068686 |
UniProt |
P13987 |
P58019 |
RefSeq (mRNA) |
NM_000611 |
NM_181858 |
RefSeq (protein) |
NP_000602 |
NP_862906 |
Location (UCSC) |
Chr 11:
33.7 – 33.74 Mb |
Chr 2:
104.07 – 104.09 Mb |
PubMed search |
[1] |
[2] |
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CD59 glycoprotein also known as MAC-inhibitory protein (MAC-IP), membrane inhibitor of reactive lysis (MIRL), or protectin, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CD59 gene.[1]
CD59 attaches to host cells via a glycophosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor. When complement activation leads to deposition of C5b678 on host cells, CD59 can prevent C9 from polymerizing and forming the complement membrane attack complex.[2] Mutations affecting GPI that reduce expression of CD59 and decay-accelerating factor on red blood cells result in paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria.[3]
Viruses such as HIV, human cytomegalovirus and vaccinia incorporate host cell CD59 into their own viral envelope to prevent lysis by complement.[4]
References
- ^ "Entrez Gene: CD59 molecule, complement regulatory protein".
- ^ Huang Y, Qiao F, Abagyan R, Hazard S, Tomlinson S (September 2006). "Defining the CD59-C9 binding interaction". J. Biol. Chem. 281 (37): 27398–27404. doi:10.1074/jbc.M603690200. PMID 16844690.
- ^ Parker C, Omine M, Richards S; et al. (2005). "Diagnosis and management of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria". Blood 106 (12): 3699–709. doi:10.1182/blood-2005-04-1717. PMC 1895106. PMID 16051736.
- ^ Bohana-Kashtan O, Ziporen L, Donin N, Kraus S, Fishelson Z (July 2004). "Cell signals transduced by complement". Mol. Immunol. 41 (6–7): 583–597. doi:10.1016/j.molimm.2004.04.007. PMID 15219997.
Further reading
- Tandon N, Morgan BP, Weetman AP (1992). "Expression and function of membrane attack complex inhibitory proteins on thyroid follicular cells". Immunology 75 (2): 372–7. PMC 1384722. PMID 1372592.
- Holmes CH, Simpson KL, Okada H, et al. (1992). "Complement regulatory proteins at the feto-maternal interface during human placental development: distribution of CD59 by comparison with membrane cofactor protein (CD46) and decay accelerating factor (CD55)". Eur. J. Immunol. 22 (6): 1579–1585. doi:10.1002/eji.1830220635. PMID 1376264.
- Hahn WC, Menu E, Bothwell AL, et al. (1992). "Overlapping but nonidentical binding sites on CD2 for CD58 and a second ligand CD59". Science 256 (5065): 1805–1807. doi:10.1126/science.1377404. PMID 1377404.
- Ninomiya H, Sims PJ (1992). "The human complement regulatory protein CD59 binds to the alpha-chain of C8 and to the "b"domain of C9". J. Biol. Chem. 267 (19): 13675–80. PMID 1377690.
- Petranka JG, Fleenor DE, Sykes K, et al. (1992). "Structure of the CD59-encoding gene: further evidence of a relationship to murine lymphocyte antigen Ly-6 protein". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89 (17): 7876–7879. doi:10.1073/pnas.89.17.7876. PMC 49817. PMID 1381503.
- Motoyama N, Okada N, Yamashina M, Okada H (1992). "Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria due to hereditary nucleotide deletion in the HRF20 (CD59) gene". Eur. J. Immunol. 22 (10): 2669–2673. doi:10.1002/eji.1830221029. PMID 1382994.
- Rooney IA, Morgan BP (1992). "Characterization of the membrane attack complex inhibitory protein CD59 antigen on human amniotic cells and in amniotic fluid". Immunology 76 (4): 541–7. PMC 1421564. PMID 1383132.
- Tone M, Walsh LA, Waldmann H (1992). "Gene structure of human CD59 and demonstration that discrete mRNAs are generated by alternative polyadenylation". J. Mol. Biol. 227 (3): 971–976. doi:10.1016/0022-2836(92)90239-G. PMID 1383553.
- Philbrick WM, Palfree RG, Maher SE, et al. (1990). "The CD59 antigen is a structural homologue of murine Ly-6 antigens but lacks interferon inducibility". Eur. J. Immunol. 20 (1): 87–92. doi:10.1002/eji.1830200113. PMID 1689664.
- Sawada R, Ohashi K, Anaguchi H, et al. (1990). "Isolation and expression of the full-length cDNA encoding CD59 antigen of human lymphocytes". DNA Cell Biol. 9 (3): 213–220. doi:10.1089/dna.1990.9.213. PMID 1692709.
- Yamashina M, Ueda E, Kinoshita T, et al. (1990). "Inherited complete deficiency of 20-kilodalton homologous restriction factor (CD59) as a cause of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria". N. Engl. J. Med. 323 (17): 1184–1189. doi:10.1056/NEJM199010253231707. PMID 1699124.
- Rooney IA, Morgan BP (1991). "Protection of human amniotic epithelial cells (HAEC) from complement-mediated lysis: expression on the cells of three complement inhibitory membrane proteins". Immunology 71 (3): 308–11. PMC 1384423. PMID 1702747.
- Watts MJ, Dankert JR, Morgan EP (1990). "Isolation and characterization of a membrane-attack-complex-inhibiting protein present in human serum and other biological fluids". Biochem. J. 265 (2): 471–7. PMC 1136908. PMID 2302178.
- Okada H, Nagami Y, Takahashi K, et al. (1989). "20 KDa homologous restriction factor of complement resembles T cell activating protein". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 162 (3): 1553–1559. doi:10.1016/0006-291X(89)90852-8. PMID 2475111.
- Davies A, Simmons DL, Hale G, et al. (1989). "CD59, an LY-6-like protein expressed in human lymphoid cells, regulates the action of the complement membrane attack complex on homologous cells". J. Exp. Med. 170 (3): 637–654. doi:10.1084/jem.170.3.637. PMC 2189447. PMID 2475570.
- Sawada R, Ohashi K, Okano K, et al. (1989). "Complementary DNA sequence and deduced peptide sequence for CD59/MEM-43 antigen, the human homologue of murine lymphocyte antigen Ly-6C". Nucleic Acids Res. 17 (16): 6728–6728. doi:10.1093/nar/17.16.6728. PMC 318369. PMID 2476718.
- Sugita Y, Tobe T, Oda E, et al. (1990). "Molecular cloning and characterization of MACIF, an inhibitor of membrane channel formation of complement". J. Biochem. 106 (4): 555–7. PMID 2606909.
- Bora NS, Gobleman CL, Atkinson JP, et al. (1994). "Differential expression of the complement regulatory proteins in the human eye". Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 34 (13): 3579–84. PMID 7505007.
- Kieffer B, Driscoll PC, Campbell ID, et al. (1994). "Three-dimensional solution structure of the extracellular region of the complement regulatory protein CD59, a new cell-surface protein domain related to snake venom neurotoxins". Biochemistry 33 (15): 4471–4482. doi:10.1021/bi00181a006. PMID 7512825.
- Kennedy SP, Rollins SA, Burton WV, et al. (1994). "Protection of porcine aortic endothelial cells from complement-mediated cell lysis and activation by recombinant human CD59". Transplantation 57 (10): 1494–501. doi:10.1097/00007890-199405000-00017. PMID 7515200.
External links
- CD59 Antigen at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
PDB gallery
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1cdq: STRUCTURE OF A SOLUBLE, GLYCOSYLATED FORM OF THE HUMAN COMPLEMENT REGULATORY PROTEIN CD59
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1cdr: STRUCTURE OF A SOLUBLE, GLYCOSYLATED FORM OF THE HUMAN COMPLEMENT REGULATORY PROTEIN CD59
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1cds: STRUCTURE OF A SOLUBLE, GLYCOSYLATED FORM OF THE HUMAN COMPLEMENT REGULATORY PROTEIN CD59
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1erg: THREE-DIMENSIONAL SOLUTION STRUCTURE OF THE EXTRACELLULAR REGION OF THE COMPLEMENT REGULATORY PROTEIN, CD59, A NEW CELL SURFACE PROTEIN DOMAIN RELATED TO NEUROTOXINS
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1erh: THREE-DIMENSIONAL SOLUTION STRUCTURE OF THE EXTRACELLULAR REGION OF THE COMPLEMENT REGULATORY PROTEIN, CD59, A NEW CELL SURFACE PROTEIN DOMAIN RELATED TO NEUROTOXINS
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2ofs: Crystal structure of human CD59
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Proteins: complement system (C, L, A)
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Activators/enzymes |
Early |
- A: Factor B
- Factor D
- Factor P/Properdin
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Middle |
- C3-convertase
- C5-convertase
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Late |
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Inhibitors |
- CLA: C1-inhibitor
- Decay-accelerating factor/CD59
- Factor I
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Complement receptors |
- CR1
- CR2
- CR3
- CR4
- CD11b/CD11c/CD18
- Anaphylatoxin
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- The Protective Role of CD59 and Pathogenic Role of Complement in Hepatic Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury.
- Zhang J, Hu W, Xing W, You T, Xu J, Qin X, Peng Z.SourceDepartment of General Surgery, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China; Laboratory for Translational Research, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
- The American journal of pathology.Am J Pathol.2011 Dec;179(6):2876-84. Epub 2011 Oct 19.
- Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) is a major factor influencing graft outcome in liver transplantation, but its mechanism is not well defined. Although complement, including the membrane attack complex (MAC), a terminal product of complement activation, is thought to be involved in the multi
- PMID 22019898
- Interlaboratory Pig-a gene mutation assay trial: Studies of 1,3-propane sultone with immunomagnetic enrichment of mutant erythrocytes.
- Dertinger SD, Phonethepswath S, Weller P, Avlasevich S, Torous DK, Mereness JA, Bryce SM, Bemis JC, Bell S, Portugal S, Aylott M, Macgregor JT.SourceLitron Laboratories, Rochester, New York. sdertinger@litronlabs.com.
- Environmental and molecular mutagenesis.Environ Mol Mutagen.2011 Dec;52(9):748-55. doi: 10.1002/em.20671. Epub 2011 Aug 29.
- An international collaborative trial was established to systematically investigate the merits and limitations of a rat in vivo Pig-a gene mutation assay. The product of this gene is essential for anchoring CD59 to the plasma membrane, and mutations in this gene are identified by flow cytometric quan
- PMID 22052433
Japanese Journal
- 血液透析患者の易感染性および予後における赤血球補体レセプターType 1(E-CR1)の意義
- 大井 洋之
- 日本透析医学会雑誌 = Journal of Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy 43(12), 969-977, 2010-12-28
- … ているなら,体内のE-CR1は極めて少なくなり,感染などに対し不利な状態になると考えられる.このような考えから検討した結果,次のようなことがわかっている.Recombinant EPO治療により補体制御因子(DAF,CD59)の発現増強を認めたが,E-CR1は発現増強を認めるものと認めないものが存在した.また,遺伝的な影響をみるためCR1のポリモルフィズムの検討で低発現のLL型のみならず本来高値を示すHH型においても低値を …
- NAID 10027725054
- Ex vivo expansion and long-term hematopoietic reconstitution ability of sorted CD34^+CD59^+ cells from patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria
- XIAO Juan,HAN Bing,WU Yong-ji,ZHONG Yu-ping,SUN Wan-ling
- International journal of hematology 92(1), 58-67, 2010-07-15
- NAID 10026511986
Related Links
- CD59抗原は、プロテクチンもしくはMembrane Inhibitor of Reactive Lysis(MIRL)として知られている、分子量18-20kDaのGPI結合型細胞表面タンパクです。CD59分子は、C5b-8もしくはC5b-9複合体に結合し、最終的な膜侵襲複合体 ...
- CD59(HRF20:20KDa-Homologous restriction factor)は,MAC(membrane attack complex)形成時のC8 C9 に結合し,C9 の重合を阻害することによって,MAC の形成を阻害し,補体の活性化による溶血を阻止する補体調節蛋白である.この蛋白は ...
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria PNH
- 同
- 発作性夜間ヘモグロビン尿症 *難病 http://www.nanbyou.or.jp/sikkan/116_2_i.htm
- マルキアファーヴァ-ミケリ症候群 Marchiafava-Micheli syndrome
- 関
- 難病
- first aid step1 2006 p.187
- red urine in the morning
概念
疫学
原因
- 補体活性化異常、活性化経路制御分子の欠損 → 造血幹細胞レベルの異常
- 発作性夜間血色素尿症 PNH:paroxysmal nocternal hemglobulinemia
- CD55 DAF decay accelerating factor C3b,C5bの酵素阻害
- CD59 HRF homologous restriction factor MAC形成阻害
- =Protectin, Mac inhibitor
- PIG-A GPIアンカー型蛋白質の欠損
病態
- 静脈血栓症:原因は不明。血小板膜上の補体が小胞化による補体複合体の除去を活性化する。循環中に流れ出たこのmicroparticleはホスファチジルセリンに富んでおり、血栓原性が高い。(参考1)
症状
- 貧血、黄疸、夜間の溶血発作(血中CO2濃度の上昇が原因)
合併症
検査
血算
- → 正球性正色素性貧血、慢性経過で鉄が不足し小球性低色素性貧血
- 好中球アルカリフォスファターゼスコア:低値(NAPスコア:低下)
血液生化学
- LDH:上昇
- ハプトグロビン:減少
- 間接ビリルビン:上昇
- 慢性の血管内溶血により鉄が欠乏 → 血清鉄↓、血清フェリチン↓
尿検査
- 血管内溶血によりヘム鉄は糸球体濾過されて、ヘモグロビンは尿細管で再吸収され、鉄はヘモジデリンとして尿中に排泄される。 (ポルフィリンどこいった?)
- 発作時に認められる
治療
- ほとんどの患者で生涯にわたる支持療法(suppertive care)を受ける人が多い。(HIM.661)
- 若い患者で重症のPNHであれば同種骨髄移植を提案すべき(should be offered) (HIM.661)
支持療法
- フィルターで白血球を除去した赤血球製剤を使用。伝統的に溶血を引き起こすwhite cell reaction(白血球に対する抗HLA抗体による抗原抗体反応、のこと?)を防止するために洗浄赤血球が用いられてきたが、これは無駄である。(HIM.661)(also see. 参考2)
- 葉酸
- 鉄剤
- 補体成分C5に対するヒト化モノクローナル抗体 エクリズマブ eclizumab
- ×
糖質コルチコイド:長期にわたる使用におけるエビデンスなし
根治療法
USMLE
参考
- 1. [charged] Clinical manifestations of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria - uptodate [1]
- 2. [charged] Diagnosis and treatment of paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria - uptodate [2]
[★]
- 英
- cluster of differentiation, CD
- Bリンパ球 CD10,CD19,CD20
- Tリンパ球 CD2,CD3,CD5,CD7
- 幹細胞 CD34
- 顆粒球 CD13,CD33
- 単球 CD14:LPSをリガンドとし、Toll-like receptorと共役して細胞内シグナルを伝達する分子。
- 巨核球 CD41(GpIIb),CD42(GpIb)
- NK細胞:CD16(IgGのFc部に対する受容体)、CD56(NCAM-I)
[★]
- 英
- decay-accelerating factor, decay accelerating factor, DAF
- 同
- CD55抗原、CD55
- 関
- CD59、発作性夜間血色素尿症
[★]
IMM.64
[★]
CD59
- 同
- homologous restriction factor
[★]
- 同
- Leucine-1
発現細胞
- 胸腺細胞、T細胞、B細胞のサブセット (IMM)
- 胸腺細胞、T細胞、NK細胞、B1(B細胞のsubpopulation) (WCH.31)
- 成熟T細胞、胸腺細胞、一部のB細胞(CD5陽性B細胞(B-1細胞)。脾臓等、異所由来(骨髄非依存性)のB細胞) (資料1)
- B細胞性白血病・リンパ腫(資料1)
分子量
別名
機能
- CD5に対するモノクローナル抗体を作用させると、細胞内のチロシンのリン酸化が起こり、T細胞が活性化する。ただし、抑制的に作用する経路にも作用するかもしれない(WCH.31)
- CD5+ B細胞は自己抗体を産生する(WCH.31)
- CD72はCD5にたいするcounter-receptorである(WCH.31)
臨床関連
参考
- http://www.srl.info/srlinfo/kensa_ref_CD/KENSA/SRL5039.htm
- http://www.bc-cytometry.com/Data/db_search/CD005.htm
[★]