発現細胞

B細胞

分子量

33-37kDa

機能

Ca²⁺のイオンチャネル(オリゴマー化して)。
多分、B細胞活性化の調節に関与

ファミリー

cantains 4 transmembrane segments

同: B1

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2019/06/14 17:40:25」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

B-lymphocyte antigen CD20 or CD20 is expressed on the surface of all B-cells beginning at the pro-B phase (CD45R+, CD117+) and progressively increasing in concentration until maturity.^[5]

In humans CD20 is encoded by the MS4A1 gene.^[6]^[7]

This gene encodes a member of the membrane-spanning 4A gene family. Members of this nascent protein family are characterized by common structural features and similar intron/exon splice boundaries and display unique expression patterns among hematopoietic cells and nonlymphoid tissues. This gene encodes a B-lymphocyte surface molecule that plays a role in the development and differentiation of B-cells into plasma cells. This family member is localized to 11q12, among a cluster of family members. Alternative splicing of this gene results in two transcript variants that encode the same protein.^[7]

Function

The protein has no known natural ligand^[8] and its function is to enable optimal B-cell immune response, specifically against T-independent antigens.^[9] It is suspected that it acts as a calcium channel in the cell membrane.

Expression

CD20 is expressed on all stages of B cell development except the first and last; it is present from late pro-B cells through memory cells, but not on either early pro-B cells or plasma blasts and plasma cells.^[10]^[11] It is found on B-cell lymphomas, hairy cell leukemia, B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and melanoma cancer stem cells.^[12]

Immunohistochemistry can be used to determine the presence of CD20 on cells in histological tissue sections. Because CD20 remains present on the cells of most B-cell neoplasms, and is absent on otherwise similar appearing T-cell neoplasms, it can be very useful in diagnosing conditions such as B-cell lymphomas and leukaemias. However, the presence or absence of CD20 in such tumours is not relevant to prognosis, with the progression of the disease being much the same in either case. CD20 positive cells are also sometimes found in cases of Hodgkins disease, myeloma, and thymoma.^[13]

Antibody FMC7 (Flinders Medical Centre) appears to recognise a conformational variant of CD20^[14]^[15] also known as the FMC7 antigen.^[16]

Clinical significance

CD20 is the target of the monoclonal antibodies rituximab, ocrelizumab, obinutuzumab, ofatumumab, ibritumomab tiuxetan, tositumomab, and ublituximab, which are all active agents in the treatment of all B cell lymphomas, leukemias, and B cell-mediated autoimmune diseases.

The anti-CD20 mAB ofatumumab (Genmab) was approved by FDA in October 2009 for chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

The anti-CD20 mAB obinutuzumab (Gazyva) was approved by FDA in November 2013 for chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

Additional anti-CD20 antibody therapeutics under development (phase II or III clinical trials in 2008) include :

Obinutuzumab for systemic lupus erythematosus,
Rituximab for myalgic encephalomyelitis
Ocaratuzumab for follicular lymphoma and rheumatoid arthritis,
Ocrelizumab for multiple sclerosis (rheumatoid arthritis discontinued in 2010),
TRU-015 (by Trubion), (discontinued in 2010^[17])
IMMU-106 (veltuzumab).^[18] for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma or (2015) immune thrombocytopenia.

B cells, CD20, and diabetes mellitus

A link between the immune system's B cells and diabetes mellitus has been determined.^[19] In cases of obesity, the presence of fatty tissues surrounding the body's major organ systems results in cell necrosis and insulin desensitivity along the boundary between them. Eventually, the contents of fat cells that would otherwise have been digested by insulin are shed into the bloodstream. An inflammation response that mobilizes both T and B cells results in the creation of antibodies against these cells, causing them to become less responsive to insulin by an as-yet unknown mechanism and promoting hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, and arteriosclerosis, hallmarks of the metabolic syndrome. Obese mice administered anti-B cell CD-20 antibodies, however, did not become less responsive to insulin and as a result did not develop diabetes mellitus or the metabolic syndrome, the posited mechanism being that anti-CD20 antibodies rendered the T cell antibodies dysfunctional and therefore powerless to cause insulin desensitivity by a B cell antibody-modulated autoimmune response. The protection afforded by anti-CD-20 lasted approximately forty days—the time it takes the body to replenish its supply of B cells—after which repetition was necessary to restore it. Hence, it has been argued that diabetes mellitus be reclassified as an autoimmune disease rather than a purely metabolic one and focus treatment for it on immune system modulation.^[19]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000156738 - Ensembl, May 2017
^ ^a ^b ^c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000024673 - Ensembl, May 2017
^ "Human PubMed Reference:".
^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:".
^ Hardy, Richard (2008). "Chapter 7: B Lymphocyte Development and Biology". In Paul, William (ed.). Fundamental Immunology (Book) (6th ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 237–269. ISBN 978-0-7817-6519-0.
^ Tedder TF, Streuli M, Schlossman SF, Saito H (January 1988). "Isolation and structure of a cDNA encoding the B1 (CD20) cell-surface antigen of human B lymphocytes". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 85 (1): 208–12. doi:10.1073/pnas.85.1.208. PMC 279513. PMID 2448768.
^ ^a ^b "Entrez Gene: MS4A1 membrane-spanning 4-domains, subfamily A, member 1".
^ Cragg MS, Walshe CA, Ivanov AO, Glennie MJ (2005). The biology of CD20 and its potential as a target for mAb therapy. Current Directions in Autoimmunity. 8. pp. 140–74. doi:10.1159/000082102. ISBN 978-3-8055-7851-6. PMID 15564720.
^ Kuijpers TW, Bende RJ, Baars PA, Grummels A, Derks IA, Dolman KM, Beaumont T, Tedder TF, van Noesel CJ, Eldering E, van Lier RA (January 2010). "CD20 deficiency in humans results in impaired T cell-independent antibody responses" (PDF). The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 120 (1): 214–22. doi:10.1172/JCI40231. PMC 2798692. PMID 20038800.
^ Walport M, Murphy K, Janeway C, Travers PJ (2008). Janeway's Immunobiology (7th ed.). New York: Garland Science. ISBN 978-0-8153-4123-9.
^ Bonilla FA, Bona CA (1996). "5". Textbook of Immunology. Boca Raton: CRC. p. 102. ISBN 978-3-7186-0596-5.
^ Fang D, Nguyen TK, Leishear K, Finko R, Kulp AN, Hotz S, Van Belle PA, Xu X, Elder DE, Herlyn M (October 2005). "A tumorigenic subpopulation with stem cell properties in melanomas". Cancer Research. 65 (20): 9328–37. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-1343. PMID 16230395.
^ Cooper K, Anthony Leong AS-Y (2003). Manual of diagnostic antibodies for immunohistology (2nd ed.). London: Greenwich Medical Media. ISBN 978-1-84110-100-2.
^ Polyak MJ, Ayer LM, Szczepek AJ, Deans JP (July 2003). "A cholesterol-dependent CD20 epitope detected by the FMC7 antibody". Leukemia. 17 (7): 1384–9. doi:10.1038/sj.leu.2402978. PMID 12835728.
^ Serke S, Schwaner I, Yordanova M, Szczepek A, Huhn D (April 2001). "Monoclonal antibody FMC7 detects a conformational epitope on the CD20 molecule: evidence from phenotyping after rituxan therapy and transfectant cell analyses". Cytometry. 46 (2): 98–104. doi:10.1002/cyto.1071. PMID 11309819.
^ Deans JP, Polyak MJ (February 2008). "FMC7 is an epitope of CD20". Blood. 111 (4): 2492, author reply 2493–4. doi:10.1182/blood-2007-11-126243. PMID 18263793.
^ "Trubion announces Pfizer's decision to discontinue development of TRU-015 for RA". Trubion Pharmaceuticals, Inc. press release. 15 June 2010.
^ Note: information included in this article only found in table present in print version of article. K. John Morrow Jr (15 June 2008). "Methods for Maximizing Antibody Yields". Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology News. Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. p. 36. Retrieved 6 July 2008.
^ ^a ^b Winer DA, Winer S, Shen L, Wadia PP, Yantha J, Paltser G, Tsui H, Wu P, Davidson MG, Alonso MN, Leong HX, Glassford A, Caimol M, Kenkel JA, Tedder TF, McLaughlin T, Miklos DB, Dosch HM, Engleman EG (May 2011). "B cells promote insulin resistance through modulation of T cells and production of pathogenic IgG antibodies". Nature Medicine. 17 (5): 610–7. doi:10.1038/nm.2353. PMC 3270885. PMID 21499269. Lay summary – Stanford School of Medicine.

External links

CD20+antigen at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
representations of the shape are found here and more detail here
Human MS4A1 genome location and MS4A1 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.
Human MS4A2 genome location and MS4A2 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.

UpToDate Contents

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1. 進行期びまん性大細胞型B細胞性リンパ腫の初期治療initial treatment of advanced stage diffuse large b cell lymphoma [show details]
…DLBCL should include rituximab (or another anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody). For all patients with advanced stage DLBCL, we recommend treatment with anti-CD20 immunotherapy plus chemotherapy rather than chemotherapy …
2. BおよびTリンパ球の正常な発生normal b and t lymphocyte development [show details]
…neurotensin and angiotensins I and II, as well as f-Met-Leu-Phe. CD20 is a tetraspan phosphoprotein that resides in lipid raft domains . CD20 functions as a Ca⁺⁺conductive ion channel that may regulate …
3. 原発性免疫不全症の診断のためのフローサイトメトリーflow cytometry for the diagnosis of primary immunodeficiencies [show details]
…deficiency of all mature B cells. B cell enumeration is performed using the pan B cell markers CD19 or CD20. The numbers of B cells are usually profoundly reduced in XLA. Intracellular expression of the BTK…
4. ABO血液型不適合腎移植abo incompatibility in kidney transplantation [show details]
… most commonly with the anti-CD20 agent rituximab Regimens using plasmapheresis and low-dose IVIG alone may be equally effective compared with those involving anti-CD20 therapy or, less commonly, splenectomy …
5. Treatment and prognosis of IgG4-related diseasetreatment and prognosis of igg4 related disease [show details]
…producing IgG4. Once these IgG4-producing cells disappear, they are not repleted following the anti-CD20 therapy because the pool of circulating B cells has been depleted. Rituximab also leads even more…

English Journal

Rituximab in systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases: indications and practical use.

Berghen N, Vulsteke JB, Westhovens R, Lenaerts J, De Langhe E.
Acta clinica Belgica. 2019 Aug;74(4)272-279.
Array
PMID 30253707

B cell depletion with ublituximab reshapes the T cell profile in multiple sclerosis patients.

Lovett-Racke AE, Gormley M, Liu Y, Yang Y, Graham C, Wray S, Racke MK, Shubin R, Twyman C, Alvarez E, Bass A, Eubanks JL, Fox E.
Journal of neuroimmunology. 2019 Jul;332()187-197.
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, thought to be mediated by myelin-specific CD4+ T cells. However, B cell depletion has proven to be an effective therapy for MS, but the mechanism is not well understood. This study was designed to determine how B cell
PMID 31077854

How many cell types form the epithelial lining of the human uterine tubes? Revision of the histological nomenclature of the human tubal epithelium.

Varga I, Miko M, Kachlík D, Žišková M, Danihel Ľ, Babál P.
Annals of anatomy = Anatomischer Anzeiger : official organ of the Anatomische Gesellschaft. 2019 Jul;224()73-80.
Many widely used international histological textbooks claim that the epithelium of the human uterine tube consists of two, three, and, eventually, four types of cells. Most discrepancies among these textbooks relate to debates regarding the presence or absence of basal cells, whether the peg/interca
PMID 31009685

Japanese Journal

特殊な病態 : HBVの再活性化 (特集薬物性肝障害 : 新薬登場で変わる実態)

楠本茂,田中靖人
消化器・肝臓内科 = Gastroenterology & hepatology 5(3), 348-355, 2019-03
NAID 40021856332

Visceral lymphomas due to co-infection of Marek's disease virus- avian leukosis virus A-E in Japanese silkie fowl

Haridy Mohie,Goryo Masanobu,El-Neweshy Mahmoud,Yanai Tokuma
Japanese Journal of Veterinary Research 67(1), 41-50, 2019-02
… The lymphomatous foci in spleen, liver, lungs, kidneys, and intestine were positive for CD3 (T-cell marker), and negative for CD20 (B-cell marker) and Pax5 (B-cell transcription factor). …
NAID 120006559273

Yonago Acta Medica

Motokura Toru
Yonago Acta Medica 62(1), 001-007, 2019
… Even with the development of rituximab, an anti-CD20 antibody drug, the long-term outcome of patients with MCL has not improved. …
NAID 130007626222

「114D022」

MS4A1
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	3PP4, 2OSL, 3BKY
Identifiers
Aliases	MS4A1, B1, Bp35, CD20, CVID5, LEU-16, MS4A2, S7, membrane spanning 4-domains A1
External IDs	OMIM: 112210 MGI: 88321 HomoloGene: 7259 GeneCards: MS4A1
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 11 (human)
End	60,470,760 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 19 (mouse)
End	11,266,241 bp
RNA expression pattern
	; ;
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	• epidermal growth factor receptor binding; • protein binding; • MHC class II protein complex binding;
Cellular component	• integral component of membrane; • plasma membrane; • integral component of plasma membrane; • extracellular exosome; • membrane; • external side of plasma membrane; • extracellular space; • cell nucleus;
Biological process	• B cell activation; • B cell proliferation; • humoral immune response; • response to bacterium;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	931
	12482
	ENSG00000156738
	ENSMUSG00000024673
	P11836
	P19437
	NM_152866; NM_021950
	NM_007641
	NP_068769; NP_690605
	NP_031667
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

　　[★]

30歳の男性。貧血の精査のため来院した。昨年の健康診断では異常を指摘されなかったが、2週前から労作時息切れが出現したため自宅近くの診療所を受診したところ、貧血を指摘され精査のため紹介されて受診した。脈拍 88/分、整。血圧 122/78mmHg。眼瞼結膜は貧血様で眼球結膜に黄染を認めない。胸骨右縁第2肋間を最強点とする収縮期駆出性雑音を聴取する。呼吸音に異常を認めない。腹部は平坦、軟で、肝・脾を触知しない。血液所見：赤血球 302万、Hb 8.3g/dL、Ht 28%、白血球 2,400(桿状核好中球 3%、分葉核好中球 28%、好酸球 2%、単球 5%、リンパ球 62%)、血小板 5万。血液生化学所見：総蛋白 7.4g/dL、アルブミン 4.2g/dL、総ビリルビン 0.5mg/dL、直接ビリルビン 0.2mg/dL、AST 27U/L、ALT 19U/L、LD 948U/L(基準 120～245)、ALP 476U/L(基準 115～359)、尿素窒素 12mg/dL、クレアチニン 0.9mg/dL、尿酸 8.5mg/dL、Na 140mEq/L、K 4.0mEq/L、Cl 102mEq/L、Ca 10.0mg/dL、P 6.0mg/dL。CRP 0.8mg/dL。骨髄血塗抹May-Giemsa染色標本(別冊No. 5)を別に示す。異常細胞のペルオキシダーゼ染色は陰性で、表面マーカー解析ではCD10とCD19が陽性で、CD20とCD33は陰性であった。染色体検査でPhiladelphia染色体が検出された。
この患者に投与すべき薬剤はどれか。

[正答]

※国試ナビ4※　［114D021］←［国試_114］→［114D023］

「113D054」

　　[★]

57歳の男性。発熱と倦怠感を主訴に来院した。1か月前に右頸部腫瘤に気付いた。2週間前から38℃台の発熱と倦怠感をきたし、軽快しないため受診した。右頸部に径1.5cmのリンパ節を3個触知する。腹部は平坦、軟で、肝・脾を触知しない。既往歴と家族歴に特記すべきことはない。意識は清明。身長 170cm、体重 68kg。体温 37.4℃。脈拍 100/分、整。血圧 132/90mmHg。呼吸数 24/分。SpO2 98%(room air)。血液所見：赤血球 210万、Hb 7.4g/dL、Ht 23%、白血球 16,000(異常細胞 60%)、血小板 5万。骨髄血塗抹May-Giemsa染色標本(別冊No. 23)を別に示す。骨髄細胞の染色体分析では正常男性核型であった。異常細胞のペルオキシダーゼ反応は陰性。表面マーカー解析ではCD19 陽性、CD20 陰性、CD33 陰性、TdT(terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase)陽性であった。
診断はどれか。

[正答]

※国試ナビ4※　［113D053］←［国試_113］→［113D055］

「112A060」

　　[★]

68歳の男性。白血球数増加の精査を目的に来院した。4年前から風邪をひきやすくなった。右頸部に径1.5cmのリンパ節1個と左肘部に径2cmのリンパ節1個とを触知する。脾を左肋骨弓下に4cm触知する。血液所見：赤血球 302万、Hb 9.2g/dL、Ht 30%、白血球 30,500(桿状核好中球 3%、分葉核好中球 3%、単球 6%、リンパ球 88%)、血小板 19万。血液生化学所見：IgG 320mg/dL(基準 960～1,960)、IgA 34mg/dL(基準 110～410)、IgM 46mg/dL(基準 65～350)。末梢白血球表面抗原はCD5、CD20及びCD23が陽性である。血清蛋白電気泳動でM蛋白を認めない。末梢血塗抹May-Giemsa染色標本(別冊No. 28)を別に示す。
最も考えられるのはどれか。

[正答]

※国試ナビ4※　［112A059］←［国試_112］→［112A061］

「109I038」

　　[★]

頸部リンパ節生検組織のH-E染色標本(別冊No. 8Ａ、Ｂ)を別に示す。染色体検査ではt(14；18)転座が認められた。
腫瘍細胞に発現している可能性が高いのはどれか。2つ選べ。

a　CD3
b　CD4
c　CD8
d　CD10
e　CD20

[正答]

※国試ナビ4※　［109I037］←［国試_109］→［109I039］

「慢性リンパ性白血病」

　　[★]

英: chronic lymphocytic leukemia, chronic lymphoid leukemia, CLL
関: 白血病

first aid step1 2006 p.300,302,303,304,309,310,427,430

概念

the accumulation of nonproliferating mature-appearing lymphocytes in the blood, marrow, lymph nodes, and spleen.
monoclonal B lymphocytes.
CD5+ and CD23+CD5, CD23
derived from memory B cell.

細胞表面マーカー WCH.2438

condition

smIg

CD5

chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Dim

＋＋

－

－/＋

＋＋

Dim

－/＋

＋＋

＋/－

＋

－

－/＋

Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia

＋＋

－

－/＋

＋＋

＋

－

－/＋

＋/－

＋

－

＋

prolymphocytic leukemia

＋＋＋

－/＋

＋＋

＋＋＋

＋＋

－/＋

＋

＋＋

－

＋

hairy cell leukemia

＋＋＋

－

＋＋

＋＋＋

－

＋＋＋

＋

＋＋＋

hairy cell leukemia variant

＋＋＋

－

＋＋

＋＋＋

－

＋

＋＋＋

splenic lymphoma with villous lymphocytes

＋＋

－/＋

＋/－

＋＋

＋/－

－/＋

＋

＋＋

－/＋

＋＋

marginal zone B-cell lymphoma

＋＋

－

＋/－

＋＋

＋/－

－

－/＋

＋＋

－

＋

mantle cell lymphoma

＋＋

－/＋

－

＋＋

－

＋

＋＋

－

＋＋

follicular lymphoma

＋＋

－/＋

＋＋

－

＋＋

－/＋

－

＋＋

－

＋＋

臨床像

HIM.693

	年齢	子供における頻度	男性(%)	ステージI,II vs III,IV(%)	B症状(%)	骨髄浸潤(%)	消化管浸潤(%)	5年生存率(%)
B細胞CLL/小リンパ球性リンパ腫	65	まれ	53	9 vs 91	33	72	3	51

疫学

YN.G-49

全白血病の2-3%
60歳以上に多い。
男女比=2:1

病態

YN.G-49

正常な免疫グロブリンの産生が抑制されるばかりでなく、異常な自己抗体を産生　→　続発性免疫不全症、自己免疫性溶血性貧血

USMLE

Q book p.246 42

参考

1. [charged] Epidemiology and clinical manifestations of chronic lymphocytic leukemia - uptodate [1]
2. [charged] Pathologic features, diagnosis, and differential diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia - uptodate [2]
3. [charged] Pathophysiology and cytogenetics of chronic lymphocytic leukemia - uptodate [3]

[show details]

慢性リンパ性白血病 : 約 28,600 件
慢性リンパ球性白血病 : 約 47,100 件

「悪性リンパ腫」

　　[★]

英: malignant lymphoma
ラ: lymphoma malignum
関

悪性リンパ腫とマーカー

悪性リンパ腫.xls

sIg

CD5

bcl

TdT

その他

転座

小リンパ性リンパ腫 small lymphocytic lymphoma
慢性リンパ性白血病 chronic lymphocytic leukemia

＋

＋

＋

－

濾胞性リンパ腫 FL
　

＋

－

＋

bcl2　＋

－

MALTリンパ腫
　

－

＋

マントル細胞リンパ腫 MCL
　

＋

－

＋

＋

びまん性大細胞性B細胞リンパ腫 DLBL
　

＋

－

＋／－

＋

bcl6　＋

前駆Bリンパ芽球性リンパ腫
急性Bリンパ球性白血病 LBL/ALL

－

＋

バーキットリンパ腫 BL
　

＋

－

＋

＋

＋

Myc, Ki-67

ｔ（8,14)Myc；IgH　～80%
t(2,8)κ；Myc　～15%

ホジキンリンパ腫
　

CD15, CD30, CD45 -

t(8,22)Myc；λ　～10%

成人T細胞白血病 ATL
　

CD2, CD3, CD4, CD25, HLA-DR, CD8 -

病期

Ann Arbor分類

参考

1.

http://www.rinpashu.com/inspection/

国試

100D031

「マントル細胞リンパ腫」

　　[★]

英: mantle-cell lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma
関: 暗殻細胞リンパ腫、中間型リンパ球性リンパ腫 intermediate lymphocytic lymphoma、外套層状リンパ腫 mantle zone lymphoma; 悪性リンパ腫

概念

成熟B細胞腫瘍の一種
染色体転座t(11;14)(q13;q32)が認められる。
CD5を発現する。CyclinD1遺伝子の過剰発現は高頻度

別名：MCL has been previously referred to as intermediate lymphocytic lymphoma, mantle zone lymphoma, centrocytic lymphoma, and lymphocytic lymphoma of intermediate differentiation

発生母地

Most MCL cases are postulated to derive from naïve pre-germinal center B cells of the mantle zone, while a subset of MCL may originate from marginal zone or peripheral blood memory B cells.

講義ノート

中リンパ球
核クロマチンは均一に濃縮し、核小体は不明瞭。核は軽度の不整とくびれ有り(convoluted cell)
マントル細胞リンパ腫は慢性リンパ性白血病と同様にCD5(+)のB細胞であるが、予後は大きく異なり、化学療法のCHOPが奏効しにくく、寛解率は10-40%。

細胞表面マーカー

sIg	＋	細胞表面のIg
CD5	＋	胸腺細胞、T細胞、B細胞のサブセット
CD10	－	B細胞やT細胞前駆体。骨髄間質細胞(bone marrow stromal cell) 。Zinc metalloproteinase, marker for pre-B acute lymphatic leukemia (ALL)
CD19	＋	B-cell co-receptor: CD19+CD21+CD81
cyclin	＋	サイクリン依存性キナーゼ(CDK)の活性化サブユニット
*Bリンパ球のマーカーとされているもの CD10,CD19,CD20

発生母地

The malignant cell in mantle cell lymphoma is postulated to derive from a naive B-cell of follicle mantle or germinal center origin. This cell is distinct from both the recirculating B-cell of B-CLL/SLL and the later centrocyte of follicular lymphoma

-mantle-cell lymphoma

「表面抗原分類」

　　[★]

英: cluster of differentiation, CD

細胞の表面抗原を認識する抗体を整理した分類

Bリンパ球 CD10,CD19,CD20

Tリンパ球 CD2,CD3,CD5,CD7

幹細胞 CD34

顆粒球 CD13,CD33

単球 CD14：LPSをリガンドとし、Toll-like receptorと共役して細胞内シグナルを伝達する分子。

巨核球 CD41(GpIIb),CD42(GpIb)

NK細胞：CD16(IgGのFc部に対する受容体)、CD56(NCAM-I)

CD1	CD21	CD41	CD61	CD81
CD2	CD22	CD42	CD62	CD82
CD3	CD23	CD43	CD63	CD83
CD4	CD24	CD44	CD64	CD84
CD5	CD25	CD45	CD65	CD85
CD6	CD26	CD46	CD66	CD86
CD7	CD27	CD47	CD67	CD87
CD8	CD28	CD48	CD68	CD88
CD9	CD29	CD49	CD69	CD89
CD10	CD30	CD50	CD70	CD90
CD11	CD31	CD51	CD71	CD91
CD12	CD32	CD52	CD72	CD92
CD13	CD33	CD53	CD73	CD93
CD14	CD34	CD54	CD74	CD94
CD15	CD35	CD55	CD75	CD95
CD16	CD36	CD56	CD76	CD96
CD17	CD37	CD57	CD77	CD97
CD18	CD38	CD58	CD78	CD98
CD19	CD39	CD59	CD79	CD99
CD20	CD40	CD60	CD80	CD100

「B細胞」

　　[★]

英: B cell
同: Bリンパ球 B lymphocyte、骨髄由来細胞 bone marrow derived cell
関: T細胞、免疫グロブリン

図：IMM.314(B細胞の成熟)

概念

抗体をつくるリンパ球。

クラススイッチ class switch

胚中心で行われる

T細胞依存性B細胞分化

IMM.381-
1. naive B cellはBCR(IgM)を介して抗原を認識
2. BCRとIgMの抗原抗体免疫複合体をエンドサイトーシスによりを細胞内に取り込む
3. 抗原抗体複合体を分解し、分解産物をMHC class IIに結合する
4. 抗原を結合したMHC class IIをエクソサイトーシスにより細胞表面に移動する
5. ヘルパーT細胞にMHC class IIを介して抗原を提示する

このヘルパーT細胞は抗原とMHC class IIを認識できる固有のヘルパーT細胞である。

6. ヘルパーT細胞はTCRを介して抗原とMHC class IIの複合体を認識する
7. naive B cellを刺激して形質細胞への分化を誘導する

T細胞非依存性B細胞分化

IMM.381-
B-cell response to bacterial antigen with intrinsic ability to activate B cell do not require T-cell help (IMM.396)
B-cell response to bacterial polysaccharides do not require peptide specific T-cell help (IMM.397)

マーカー

CD19,CD20

「CD209」

　　[★]

関: DC-SIGN

同: Dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3 grabbing non- integrin

関: DC-SIGN

「CD206」

　　[★]

同: MRC1, macrophage mannose receptor
同: mannose receptor＆HIV transmission

「anti-CD20 antibodies」

　　[★]

同: rituximab

同: rituximab

「CD2」

　　[★]

同: Leucine-5, SRBC receptor, LFA-2
関: CD

発現細胞

T細胞、胸腺細胞、NK細胞

分子量

45-58

機能

接着分子、CD58(LFA-3)に結合。細胞内部でLckに結合し、T細胞を活性化

リンパ球が抗原提示細胞と相互作用するのに重要 (IMM.343)

別名

LFA-2, T11

ファミリー

immunoglobulin

「CD」

　　[★]

[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000156738 - Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000024673 - Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:".

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:".

[Paul0807-5] Hardy, Richard (2008). "Chapter 7: B Lymphocyte Development and Biology". In Paul, William (ed.). Fundamental Immunology (Book) (6th ed.). Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 237–269. ISBN 978-0-7817-6519-0.

[pmid2448768-6] Tedder TF, Streuli M, Schlossman SF, Saito H (January 1988). "Isolation and structure of a cDNA encoding the B1 (CD20) cell-surface antigen of human B lymphocytes". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 85 (1): 208–12. doi:10.1073/pnas.85.1.208. PMC 279513. PMID 2448768.

[entrez-7] "Entrez Gene: MS4A1 membrane-spanning 4-domains, subfamily A, member 1".

[pmid15564720-8] Cragg MS, Walshe CA, Ivanov AO, Glennie MJ (2005). The biology of CD20 and its potential as a target for mAb therapy. Current Directions in Autoimmunity. 8. pp. 140–74. doi:10.1159/000082102. ISBN 978-3-8055-7851-6. PMID 15564720.

[pmid20038800-9] Kuijpers TW, Bende RJ, Baars PA, Grummels A, Derks IA, Dolman KM, Beaumont T, Tedder TF, van Noesel CJ, Eldering E, van Lier RA (January 2010). "CD20 deficiency in humans results in impaired T cell-independent antibody responses" (PDF). The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 120 (1): 214–22. doi:10.1172/JCI40231. PMC 2798692. PMID 20038800.

[isbn0-8153-4123-7-10] Walport M, Murphy K, Janeway C, Travers PJ (2008). Janeway's Immunobiology (7th ed.). New York: Garland Science. ISBN 978-0-8153-4123-9.

[Bona-11] Bonilla FA, Bona CA (1996). "5". Textbook of Immunology. Boca Raton: CRC. p. 102. ISBN 978-3-7186-0596-5.

[pmid16230395-12] Fang D, Nguyen TK, Leishear K, Finko R, Kulp AN, Hotz S, Van Belle PA, Xu X, Elder DE, Herlyn M (October 2005). "A tumorigenic subpopulation with stem cell properties in melanomas". Cancer Research. 65 (20): 9328–37. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-1343. PMID 16230395.

[Leong-13] Cooper K, Anthony Leong AS-Y (2003). Manual of diagnostic antibodies for immunohistology (2nd ed.). London: Greenwich Medical Media. ISBN 978-1-84110-100-2.

[pmid12835728-14] Polyak MJ, Ayer LM, Szczepek AJ, Deans JP (July 2003). "A cholesterol-dependent CD20 epitope detected by the FMC7 antibody". Leukemia. 17 (7): 1384–9. doi:10.1038/sj.leu.2402978. PMID 12835728.

[pmid11309819-15] Serke S, Schwaner I, Yordanova M, Szczepek A, Huhn D (April 2001). "Monoclonal antibody FMC7 detects a conformational epitope on the CD20 molecule: evidence from phenotyping after rituxan therapy and transfectant cell analyses". Cytometry. 46 (2): 98–104. doi:10.1002/cyto.1071. PMID 11309819.

[pmid18263793-16] Deans JP, Polyak MJ (February 2008). "FMC7 is an epitope of CD20". Blood. 111 (4): 2492, author reply 2493–4. doi:10.1182/blood-2007-11-126243. PMID 18263793.

[17] "Trubion announces Pfizer's decision to discontinue development of TRU-015 for RA". Trubion Pharmaceuticals, Inc. press release. 15 June 2010.

[18] Note: information included in this article only found in table present in print version of article. K. John Morrow Jr (15 June 2008). "Methods for Maximizing Antibody Yields". Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology News. Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. p. 36. Retrieved 6 July 2008.

[Winer_2011-19] Winer DA, Winer S, Shen L, Wadia PP, Yantha J, Paltser G, Tsui H, Wu P, Davidson MG, Alonso MN, Leong HX, Glassford A, Caimol M, Kenkel JA, Tedder TF, McLaughlin T, Miklos DB, Dosch HM, Engleman EG (May 2011). "B cells promote insulin resistance through modulation of T cells and production of pathogenic IgG antibodies". Nature Medicine. 17 (5): 610–7. doi:10.1038/nm.2353. PMC 3270885. PMID 21499269. Lay summary – Stanford School of Medicine.

v t e Proteins: clusters of differentiation (see also list of human clusters of differentiation)
1-50	CD1 a-c 1A 1D 1E CD2 CD3 γ δ ε CD4 CD5 CD6 CD7 CD8 a CD9 CD10 CD11 a b c d CD13 CD14 CD15 CD16 A B CD18 CD19 CD20 CD21 CD22 CD23 CD24 CD25 CD26 CD27 CD28 CD29 CD30 CD31 CD32 A B CD33 CD34 CD35 CD36 CD37 CD38 CD39 CD40 CD41 CD42 a b c d CD43 CD44 CD45 CD46 CD47 CD48 CD49 a b c d e f CD50
51-100	CD51 CD52 CD53 CD54 CD55 CD56 CD57 CD58 CD59 CD61 CD62 E L P CD63 CD64 A B C CD66 a b c d e f CD68 CD69 CD70 CD71 CD72 CD73 CD74 CD78 CD79 a b CD80 CD81 CD82 CD83 CD84 CD85 a d e h j k CD86 CD87 CD88 CD89 CD90 CD91 - CD92 CD93 CD94 CD95 CD96 CD97 CD98 CD99 CD100
101-150	CD101 CD102 CD103 CD104 CD105 CD106 CD107 a b CD108 CD109 CD110 CD111 CD112 CD113 CD114 CD115 CD116 CD117 CD118 CD119 CD120 a b CD121 a b CD122 CD123 CD124 CD125 CD126 CD127 CD129 CD130 CD131 CD132 CD133 CD134 CD135 CD136 CD137 CD138 CD140b CD141 CD142 CD143 CD144 CD146 CD147 CD148 CD150
151-200	CD151 CD152 CD153 CD154 CD155 CD156 a b c CD157 CD158 (a d e i k) CD159 a c CD160 CD161 CD162 CD163 CD164 CD166 CD167 a b CD168 CD169 CD170 CD171 CD172 a b g CD174 CD177 CD178 CD179 a b CD180 CD181 CD182 CD183 CD184 CD185 CD186 CD191 CD192 CD193 CD194 CD195 CD196 CD197 CDw198 CDw199 CD200
201-250	CD201 CD202b CD204 CD205 CD206 CD207 CD208 CD209 CDw210 a b CD212 CD213a 1 2 CD217 CD218 (a b) CD220 CD221 CD222 CD223 CD224 CD225 CD226 CD227 CD228 CD229 CD230 CD233 CD234 CD235 a b CD236 CD238 CD239 CD240CE CD240D CD241 CD243 CD244 CD246 CD247 - CD248 CD249
251-300	CD252 CD253 CD254 CD256 CD257 CD258 CD261 CD262 CD263 CD264 CD265 CD266 CD267 CD268 CD269 CD271 CD272 CD273 CD274 CD275 CD276 CD278 CD279 CD280 CD281 CD282 CD283 CD284 CD286 CD288 CD289 CD290 CD292 CDw293 CD294 CD295 CD297 CD298 CD299
301-350	CD300A CD301 CD302 CD303 CD304 CD305 CD306 CD307 CD309 CD312 CD314 CD315 CD316 CD317 CD318 CD320 CD321 CD322 CD324 CD325 CD326 CD328 CD329 CD331 CD332 CD333 CD334 CD335 CD336 CD337 CD338 CD339 CD340 CD344 CD349 CD350

v t e Protein: cell membrane proteins (other than Cell surface receptor, enzymes, and cytoskeleton)
Arrestin	SAG ARRB1 ARRB2 ARR3
Membrane-spanning 4A	MS4A1 MS4A2 MS4A3 MS4A4A MS4A4E MS4A5 MS4A6A MS4A6E MS4A7 MS4A8B MS4A9 MS4A10 MS4A12 MS4A13 MS4A14 MS4A15 MS4A18
Myelin	Myelin basic protein PMP2 Myelin proteolipid protein PLP1 Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein Myelin-associated glycoprotein Myelin protein zero
Pulmonary surfactant	Pulmonary surfactant-associated protein B Pulmonary surfactant-associated protein C
Tetraspanin	TSPAN1 TSPAN2 TSPAN3 TSPAN4 TSPAN5 TSPAN6 TSPAN7 TSPAN8 TSPAN9 TSPAN10 TSPAN11 TSPAN12 TSPAN13 TSPAN14 TSPAN15 TSPAN16 TSPAN17 TSPAN18 TSPAN19 TSPAN20 TSPAN21 TSPAN22 TSPAN23 TSPAN24 TSPAN25 TSPAN26 TSPAN27 TSPAN28 TSPAN29 TSPAN30 TSPAN31 TSPAN32 TSPAN33 TSPAN34
Other/ungrouped	Calnexin LDL-receptor-related protein-associated protein Neurofibromin 2 Presenilin PSEN1 PSEN2 HFE Phospholipid transfer proteins Dysferlin STRC OTOF
see also other cell membrane protein disorders

国試過去問	「114D022」「113D054」「112A060」「109I038」
リンク元	「慢性リンパ性白血病」「悪性リンパ腫」「マントル細胞リンパ腫」「表面抗原分類」「B細胞」
拡張検索	「CD209」「CD206」「anti-CD20 antibodies」
関連記事	「CD2」「CD」

匿名

検索

案内

CD20

発現細胞

分子量

機能

ファミリー

Wikipedia preview

wiki en

Contents

Function

Expression

Clinical significance

B cells, CD20, and diabetes mellitus

References

Further reading

External links

UpToDate Contents

English Journal

Japanese Journal

Related Links

★リンクテーブル★

「114D022」

「113D054」

「112A060」

「109I038」

「慢性リンパ性白血病」

概念

細胞表面マーカー WCH.2438

臨床像

疫学

病態

USMLE

参考

「悪性リンパ腫」

悪性リンパ腫とマーカー

病期

参考

国試

「マントル細胞リンパ腫」

概念

発生母地

講義ノート

細胞表面マーカー

発生母地

「表面抗原分類」

「B細胞」

概念

クラススイッチ class switch

T細胞依存性B細胞分化

T細胞非依存性B細胞分化

マーカー

「CD209」

「CD206」

「anti-CD20 antibodies」

「CD2」

発現細胞

分子量

機能

別名

ファミリー

「CD」