同: common acute lymphoid leukemia antigen, nephrilysin

発現細胞

B細胞やT細胞前駆体。骨髄間質細胞(bone marrow stromal cell)

分子量

100kDa

機能

Zinc metalloproteinase, marker for pre-B acute lymphatic leukemia (ALL)

別名

Neutral endopeptidase, common acute lymphocytic leukemia antigen(CALLA)

PrepTutorEJDIC

certificate of deposit / (また『C.D.』)Civil Defense民間防衛

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/04/24 10:03:34」(JST)

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[Wiki en表示]

Neprilysin, also known as membrane metallo-endopeptidase (MME), neutral endopeptidase (NEP), cluster of differentiation 10 (CD10), and common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen (CALLA) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MME gene. Neprilysin is a zinc-dependent metalloprotease that cleaves peptides at the amino side of hydrophobic residues and inactivates several peptide hormones including glucagon, enkephalins, substance P, neurotensin, oxytocin, and bradykinin.^[1] it also degrades the amyloid beta peptide whose abnormal misfolding and aggregation in neural tissue has been implicated as a cause of Alzheimer's disease. Synthesized as a membrane-bound protein, the neprilysin ectodomain is released into the extracellular domain after it has been transported from the Golgi apparatus to the cell surface.

Neprilysin is expressed in a wide variety of tissues and is particularly abundant in kidney. It is also a common acute lymphocytic leukemia antigen that is an important cell surface marker in the diagnosis of human acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL). This protein is present on leukemic cells of pre-B phenotype, which represent 85% of cases of ALL.^[1]

Hematopoetic Progenitors expressing CD10 are considered "Common Lymphoid Progenitors," which means they can differentiate into T, B or Natural Killer cells.^[2] CD10 is of use in hematological diagnosis since it is expressed by early B, pro-B and pre-B lymphocytes, and by lymph node germinal centers.^[3] Hematologic diseases in which it is positive include ALL, angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma, CML in blast crisis (90%), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (variable), follicular center cells (70%), hairy cell leukemia (10%), and myeloma (some). It tends to be negative in AML, CLL, mantle cell lymphoma, and marginal zone lymphoma. CD10 is found on non-T ALL cells, which derive from pre-B lymphocytes, and in germinal center-related non-Hodgkin lymphoma such as Burkitt lymphoma and follicular lymphoma, but not on leukemia cells or lymphomas, which originate in more mature B cells.^[4]

Amyloid beta regulation

Neprilysin-deficient knockout mice show both Alzheimer's-like behavioral impairment and amyloid-beta deposition in the brain,^[5] providing strong evidence for the protein's association with the Alzheimer's disease process. Because neprilysin is thought to be the rate-limiting step in amyloid beta degradation,^[6] it has been considered a potential therapeutic target; compounds such as the peptide hormone somatostatin have been identified that increase the enzyme's activity level.^[7] One hypothesis for the strong dependence of Alzheimer's incidence on age focuses on the declining production of somatostatin in the brains of elderly people, which thus depresses the activity of neprilysin and promotes aggregation of unprocessed amyloid beta.^[8] Declining neprilysin activity with increasing age may also be explained by oxidative damage, known to be a causative factor in Alzheimer's disease; higher levels of inappropriately oxidized neprilysin have been found in Alzheimer's patients compared to cognitively normal elderly people.^[9]

Signaling peptides

Neprilysin immunohistochemical staining of normal kidney.

Neprilysin is also associated with other biochemical processes, and is particularly highly expressed in kidney and lung tissues. Inhibitors have been designed with the aim of developing analgesic and antihypertensive agents that act by preventing neprilysin's activity against signaling peptides such as enkephalins, substance P, endothelin, and atrial natriuretic factor.^[10]^[11]

Associations have been observed between neprilysin expression and various types of cancer; however, the relationship between neprilysin expression and carcinogenesis remains obscure. In cancer biomarker studies, the neprilysin gene is often referred to as CD10 or CALLA. In some types of cancer, such as metastatic carcinoma and some advanced melanomas, neprilysin is overexpressed;^[12] in other types, most notably lung cancers, neprilysin is downregulated, and thus unable to modulate the pro-growth autocrine signaling of cancer cells via secreted peptides such as mammalian homologs related to bombesin.^[13] Some plant extracts (methanol extracts of Ceropegia rupicola, Kniphofia sumarae, Plectranthus cf barbatus, and an aqueous extract of Pavetta longiflora) were found able to inhibit the enzymatic activity of neutral endopeptidase.^[14]

Inhibitors

AHU-377, a component of LCZ696
Omapatrilat
RB-101
UK-414,495

Immunochemistry

CD10 is used in clinical pathology for diagnostic purpose.

In lymphomas and leukemias

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells are CD10⁺.
Follicular lymphoma (follicle centre cell lymphoma) are CD10⁺.
Burkitt Lymphoma cells are CD10⁺.
CD10⁺ diffuse large B cell lymphoma (CD10⁺ DLBLC)^[15]
- Marker for germinal center phenotype (CD10, HGAL, BCL6, CD38) are considered a favorable prognostic factor,^[16]^[17] but CD10⁺, BCL2⁺ tumors could have poorer survival.^[18] For some authors, CD10 expression in DLBCL does not influence survival.^[19]
Angioimmunoblastic T cell lymphoma (AITL) are CD10⁺^[20]^[21] and distinguishes AITL from other T cell lymphomas (CD10^–)^[22]
- Some benign T cells can be CD10⁺^[23]

In epithelial tumors

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (Clear cell RCC)
- CD10⁺ distinguishes renal cell carcinoma, conventional type with eosinophilic morphology from its mimickers. Chromophobe carcinoma and oncocytoma are CD10^-.^[24]

Pancreatic tumors
- Solid pseudopapillary tumours are CD10⁺.^[25]
- CD10⁺ differentiates mucinous cystic neoplasms (CD10⁺/CK20+) from intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of branch duct type (CD10^–/CK20-).^[25]

Cutaneous tumors
- CD10 may differentiate basal cell carcinoma (CD10 epithelial staining) from trichoblastoma (CD10 peritumoral stromal staining), basal cell carcinoma with follicular differentiation (CD10 stromal and epithelial staining)^[26] and squamous cell carcinoma (strong stromal staining).^[27]
- CD10 differentiates CD10⁺ atypical fibroxanthoma from CD10^– spindle cell melanoma and sarcomatoid squamous cell carcinoma.

Urothelial tumors express CD10 (42-67%).^[28]
- CD10 expression is strongly correlated with high tumor grade and stage in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. CD10 may be associated with tumor progression in bladder cancer pathogenesis.^[29]

In other tumors

CD10 expression might be one of the characteristics of müllerian system-derived neoplastic mesenchymal cells.^[30]
- Normal endometrial stroma^[31]
- Endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS) are CD10⁺ (Smooth muscle tumors are usually CD10^–,^[32] but can be CD10⁺ ^[30]
- Malignant müllerian mixed tumor (MMMT)
- Müllerian adenosarcoma
- Uterine high-grade leiomyosarcoma
- Uterine rhabdomyosarcoma

Vascular tumors
- Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma are mostly CD10⁺.^[33]
- Hemangioblastoma is usually CD10^– (metastatic renal cell carcinoma is CD10⁺)^[34]^[35]

References

^ ^a ^b "Entrez Gene: Membrane metallo-endopeptidase".
^ Human T, B, natural killer, and dendritic cells arise from a common bone marrow progenitor cell subset. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7584137
^ Singh C (2011-02-25). "CD10". CD Markers. PathologyOutlines.com, Inc.
^ Papandreou CN, Nanus DM (January 2010). "Is methylation the key to CD10 loss?". J. Pediatr. Hematol. Oncol. 32 (1): 2–3. doi:10.1097/MPH.0b013e3181c74aca. PMID 20051779.
^ Madani R, Poirier R, Wolfer DP, Welzl H, Groscurth P, Lipp HP, Lu B, El Mouedden M, Mercken M, Nitsch RM, Mohajeri MH (December 2006). "Lack of neprilysin suffices to generate murine amyloid-like deposits in the brain and behavioral deficit in vivo". J. Neurosci. Res. 84 (8): 1871–8. doi:10.1002/jnr.21074. PMID 16998901.
^ Iwata N, Tsubuki S, Takaki Y, Watanabe K, Sekiguchi M, Hosoki E, Kawashima-Morishima M, Lee HJ, Hama E, Sekine-Aizawa Y, Saido TC (February 2000). "Identification of the major Abeta1-42-degrading catabolic pathway in brain parenchyma: suppression leads to biochemical and pathological deposition". Nat. Med. 6 (2): 143–50. doi:10.1038/72237. PMID 10655101.
^ Iwata N, Higuchi M, Saido TC (November 2005). "Metabolism of amyloid-beta peptide and Alzheimer's disease". Pharmacol. Ther. 108 (2): 129–48. doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2005.03.010. PMID 16112736.
^ Hama E, Saido TC (2005). "Etiology of sporadic Alzheimer's disease: somatostatin, neprilysin, and amyloid beta peptide". Med. Hypotheses 65 (3): 498–500. doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2005.02.045. PMID 15921860.
^ Wang DS, Iwata N, Hama E, Saido TC, Dickson DW (October 2003). "Oxidized neprilysin in aging and Alzheimer's disease brains". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 310 (1): 236–41. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2003.09.003. PMID 14511676.
^ Sahli S, Stump B, Welti T, Schweizer WB, Diederich R, Blum-Kaelin D, Aebi JD, Böhm H-J (April 2005). "A New Class of Inhibitors for the Metalloprotease Neprilysin Based on a Central Imidazole Scaffold". Helvetica Chimica Acta 88 (4): 707–730. doi:10.1002/hlca.200590050.
^ Oefner C, Roques BP, Fournie-Zaluski MC, Dale GE (February 2004). "Structural analysis of neprilysin with various specific and potent inhibitors". Acta Crystallogr. D Biol. Crystallogr. 60 (Pt 2): 392–6. doi:10.1107/S0907444903027410. PMID 14747736.
^ Velazquez EF, Yancovitz M, Pavlick A, Berman R, Shapiro R, Bogunovic D, O'Neill D, Yu YL, Spira J, Christos PJ, Zhou XK, Mazumdar M, Nanus DM, Liebes L, Bhardwaj N, Polsky D, Osman I (2007). "Clinical relevance of neutral endopeptidase (NEP/CD10) in melanoma". J Transl Med 5: 2. doi:10.1186/1479-5876-5-2. PMC 1770905. PMID 17207277.
^ Cohen AJ, Bunn PA, Franklin W, Magill-Solc C, Hartmann C, Helfrich B, Gilman L, Folkvord J, Helm K, Miller YE (February 1996). "Neutral endopeptidase: variable expression in human lung, inactivation in lung cancer, and modulation of peptide-induced calcium flux". Cancer Res. 56 (4): 831–9. PMID 8631021.
^ Alasbahi R, Melzig MF (January 2008). "Screening of some Yemeni medicinal plants for inhibitory activity against peptidases". Pharmazie 63 (1): 86–8. PMID 18271311.
^ McGowan P, Nelles N, Wimmer J, Williams D, Wen J, Li M, Ewton A, Curry C, Zu Y, Sheehan A, Chang CC (2012). "Differentiating between Burkitt lymphoma and CD10+ diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: the role of commonly used flow cytometry cell markers and the application of a multiparameter scoring system". Am. J. Clin. Pathol. 137 (4): 665–70. doi:10.1309/AJCP3FEPX5BEEKGX. PMID 22431545.
^ Berglund M, Thunberg U, Amini RM, Book M, Roos G, Erlanson M, Linderoth J, Dictor M, Jerkeman M, Cavallin-Ståhl E, Sundström C, Rehn-Eriksson S, Backlin C, Hagberg H, Rosenquist R, Enblad G (2005). "Evaluation of immunophenotype in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and its impact on prognosis". Mod. Pathol. 18 (8): 1113–20. doi:10.1038/modpathol.3800396. PMID 15920553.
^ Höller S, Horn H, Lohr A, Mäder U, Katzenberger T, Kalla J, Bernd HW, Went P, Ott MM, Müller-Hermelink HK, Rosenwald A, Ott G (2009). "A cytomorphological and immunohistochemical profile of aggressive B-cell lymphoma: high clinical impact of a cumulative immunohistochemical outcome predictor score". J Hematop 2 (4): 187–94. doi:10.1007/s12308-009-0044-x. PMC 2798934. PMID 20309427.
^ Xu Y, McKenna RW, Molberg KH, Kroft SH (2001). "Clinicopathologic analysis of CD10+ and CD10- diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Identification of a high-risk subset with coexpression of CD10 and bcl-2". Am. J. Clin. Pathol. 116 (2): 183–90. doi:10.1309/J7RN-UXAY-55GX-BUNK. PMID 11488064.
^ Fabiani B, Delmer A, Lepage E, Guettier C, Petrella T, Brière J, Penny AM, Copin MC, Diebold J, Reyes F, Gaulard P, Molina TJ (2004). "CD10 expression in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas does not influence survival". Virchows Arch. 445 (6): 545–51. doi:10.1007/s00428-004-1129-7. PMID 15517363.
^ Baseggio L, Traverse-Glehen A, Berger F, Ffrench M, Jallades L, Morel D, Goedert G, Magaud JP, Salles G, Felman P (2011). "CD10 and ICOS expression by multiparametric flow cytometry in angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma". Mod. Pathol. 24 (7): 993–1003. doi:10.1038/modpathol.2011.53. PMID 21499231.
^ Yuan CM, Vergilio JA, Zhao XF, Smith TK, Harris NL, Bagg A (2005). "CD10 and BCL6 expression in the diagnosis of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma: utility of detecting CD10+ T cells by flow cytometry". Hum. Pathol. 36 (7): 784–91. doi:10.1016/j.humpath.2005.05.008. PMID 16084948.
^ Attygalle AD, Diss TC, Munson P, Isaacson PG, Du MQ, Dogan A (2004). "CD10 expression in extranodal dissemination of angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma". Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 28 (1): 54–61. PMID 14707864.
^ Cook JR, Craig FE, Swerdlow SH (2003). "Benign CD10-positive T cells in reactive lymphoid proliferations and B-cell lymphomas". Mod. Pathol. 16 (9): 879–85. doi:10.1097/01.MP.0000084630.64243.D1. PMID 13679451.
^ Yasir S, Herrera L, Gomez-Fernandez C, Reis IM, Umar S, Leveillee R, Kava B, Jorda M (2012). "CD10⁺ and CK7/RON- immunophenotype distinguishes renal cell carcinoma, conventional type with eosinophilic morphology from its mimickers". Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. 20 (5): 454–61. doi:10.1097/PAI.0b013e31823fecd3. PMID 22417859.
^ ^a ^b Notohara K, Hamazaki S, Tsukayama C, Nakamoto S, Kawabata K, Mizobuchi K, Sakamoto K, Okada S (2000). "Solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas: immunohistochemical localization of neuroendocrine markers and CD10". Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 24 (10): 1361–71. PMID 11023097.
^ Córdoba A, Guerrero D, Larrinaga B, Iglesias ME, Arrechea MA, Yanguas JI (2009). "Bcl-2 and CD10 expression in the differential diagnosis of trichoblastoma, basal cell carcinoma, and basal cell carcinoma with follicular differentiation". Int. J. Dermatol. 48 (7): 713–7. doi:10.1111/j.1365-4632.2009.04076.x. PMID 19570076.
^ Sari Aslani F, Akbarzadeh-Jahromi M, Jowkar F (2013). "Value of CD10 Expression in Differentiating Cutaneous Basal from Squamous Cell Carcinomas and Basal Cell Carcinoma from Trichoepithelioma". Iran J Med Sci 38 (2): 100–6. PMC 3700055. PMID 23825889.
^ Murali R, Delprado W (2005). "CD10 immunohistochemical staining in urothelial neoplasms". Am. J. Clin. Pathol. 124 (3): 371–9. doi:10.1309/04BH-F6A8-0BQM-H7HT. PMID 16191505.
^ Bahadir B, Behzatoglu K, Bektas S, Bozkurt ER, Ozdamar SO (2009). "CD10 expression in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder". Diagn Pathol 4: 38. doi:10.1186/1746-1596-4-38. PMC 2780995. PMID 19917108.
^ ^a ^b Mikami Y, Hata S, Kiyokawa T, Manabe T (2002). "Expression of CD10 in malignant müllerian mixed tumors and adenosarcomas: an immunohistochemical study". Mod. Pathol. 15 (9): 923–30. doi:10.1097/01.MP.0000026058.33869.DB. PMID 12218209.
^ McCluggage WG, Sumathi VP, Maxwell P (2001). "CD10 is a sensitive and diagnostically useful immunohistochemical marker of normal endometrial stroma and of endometrial stromal neoplasms". Histopathology 39 (3): 273–8. PMID 11532038.
^ Kabbinavar FF, Hambleton J, Mass RD, Hurwitz HI, Bergsland E, Sarkar S (2005). "Combined analysis of efficacy: the addition of bevacizumab to fluorouracil/leucovorin improves survival for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer". J. Clin. Oncol. 23 (16): 3706–12. doi:10.1200/JCO.2005.00.232. PMID 15867200.
^ Weinreb I, Cunningham KS, Perez-Ordoñez B, Hwang DM (2009). "CD10 is expressed in most epithelioid hemangioendotheliomas: a potential diagnostic pitfall". Arch. Pathol. Lab. Med. 133 (12): 1965–8. doi:10.1043/1543-2165-133.12.1965. PMID 19961253.
^ Jung SM, Kuo TT (2005). "Immunoreactivity of CD10 and inhibin alpha in differentiating hemangioblastoma of central nervous system from metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma". Mod. Pathol. 18 (6): 788–94. doi:10.1038/modpathol.3800351. PMID 15578072.
^ Yin WH, Li J, Chan JK (2012). "Sporadic haemangioblastoma of the kidney with rhabdoid features and focal CD10 expression: report of a case and literature review". Diagn Pathol 7: 39. doi:10.1186/1746-1596-7-39. PMC 3364142. PMID 22497861.

External links

The MEROPS online database for peptidases and their inhibitors: M13.001
Neprilysin at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.

UpToDate Contents

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1. 前駆B細胞性急性リンパ芽球性白血病／リンパ腫の臨床症状、病理学的特徴、および診断 clinical manifestations pathologic features and diagnosis of precursor b cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia lymphoma
2. 濾胞性リンパ腫の臨床症状、病理学的特徴、診断、および予後 clinical manifestations pathologic features diagnosis and prognosis of follicular lymphoma
3. びまん性大細胞型B細胞性リンパ腫の疫学、臨床症状、病理学的特徴、および診断 epidemiology clinical manifestations pathologic features and diagnosis of diffuse large b cell lymphoma
4. 血管免疫芽球性Ｔ細胞性リンパ腫の臨床症状、病理学的特徴、および診断 clinical manifestations pathologic features and diagnosis of angioimmunoblastic t cell lymphoma
5. BおよびTリンパ球の正常な発生 normal b and t lymphocyte development

English Journal

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Chen L1, Al-Kzayer LF2, Liu T3, Kobayashi N2, Nakazawa Y2, Koike K2.
Pediatric blood & cancer.Pediatr Blood Cancer.2017 Feb;64(2):311-314. doi: 10.1002/pbc.26236. Epub 2016 Sep 12.
IRF4/MUM1-positive lymphoma is a new subgroup of germinal center-derived B-cell lymphoma, predominantly involving the Waldeyer ring (WR) in children. CD5 expression is rare in these lymphomas. We report a 7-year-old Chinese male with B-cell lymphoma. Evaluation of his specimen by morphology, immunoh
PMID 27616053

Subsets of telocytes: Myocardial telocytes.

Rusu MC1, Hostiuc S2, Vrapciu AD3, Mogoantă L4, Mănoiu VS5, Grigoriu F3.
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Telocytes (TCs) are morphologically defined as small-sized cells with long, thin, moniliform processes called telopodes (Tps). Numerous papers imply that TCs are a distinctive cell type, and that transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is the gold standard tool for their identification. We aimed to r
PMID 27777113

Reprofiling Metastatic Samples for Chromosome 9p and 14q Aberrations as a Strategy to Overcome Tumor Heterogeneity in Clear-cell Renal Cell Carcinoma.

Massari F1, Ciccarese C, Bria E, Porta C, La Russa F, Knuutila S, Artibani W, Porcaro AB, Bimbatti D, Modena A, Sava T, Tortora G, Cheng L, Eccher A, Cima L, Pedron S, Ghimenton C, Martignoni G, Brunelli M.
Applied immunohistochemistry & molecular morphology : AIMM.Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol.2017 Jan;25(1):39-43.
Losses of chromosomes 9p and 14q are associated with worse outcomes in patients affected by clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and are helpful for prognostic risk stratification. Both chromosomal loci harbor several hot-spot molecular pathways suitable for targeted therapeutic interventions. Intr
PMID 26509904

Overexpression of KIF11 in Gastric Cancer with Intestinal Mucin Phenotype.

Imai T1, Oue N, Nishioka M, Mukai S, Oshima T, Sakamoto N, Sentani K, Matsusaki K, Yoshida K, Yasui W.
Pathobiology : journal of immunopathology, molecular and cellular biology.Pathobiology.2017;84(1):16-24. doi: 10.1159/000447303. Epub 2016 Jul 27.
OBJECTIVE: Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common human cancers. A useful method of gastric cancer stem cell (CSC) characterization is spheroid colony formation. Previously, we reported that KIF11 expression is >2-fold in spheroid-body-forming GC cells compared with parental cells. Here, w
PMID 27459100

Japanese Journal

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Furukawa Masashi,Izumi Sadanobu,Tsukuda Kazunori,Tokumo Masaki,Sakurai Jun,Mano Shohey
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… Immunohistochemistry results were as follows:CK7 negative, CK20 positive, CD10 negative, CDX2 positive, MUC1 negative, MUC2 positive, MUC5AC negative, and MUC6 negative. …
NAID 120004873439

末梢血に出現した濾胞性リンパ腫細胞の表面抗原形質の解析

林田雅彦,大野仁嗣,北田佳代,竹岡加陽,奥村敦子,津田勝代,岸森千幸,山本智恵美,本庄原,岩谷良則,小橋陽一郎
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福井工業大学研究紀要, 441-446, 2012-08-02
The transient absorption of the diarylethene 1,2-bis [ 2-methylbenzo [b] thiophen - 3 - yl ] - 3, 3, 4, 4, 5, 5 -hexafluoro - 1 - cyclopentene：(DEph) was measured by using 266 nm laser flash photolysi …
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Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

国試過去問	「114D022」「109I038」
リンク元	「慢性リンパ性白血病」「悪性リンパ腫」「慢性骨髄性白血病」「MALTリンパ腫」「マントル細胞リンパ腫」
拡張検索	「CD102」「CD106」
関連記事	「CD1」「CD」

「114D022」

Membrane metallo-endopeptidase
	; The structure of the neprilysin ectodomain in complex with a zinc-chelating inhibitor. The zinc atom is shown as a gray sphere and the inhibitor is shown in green. Rendering based on 1r1h.
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	1DMT, 1R1H, 1R1I, 1R1J, 1Y8J, 2QPJ, 2YB9
Identifiers
Symbols	MME ; CALLA; CD10; NEP; SFE
External IDs	OMIM: 120520 MGI: 97004 HomoloGene: 5275 ChEMBL: 1944 GeneCards: MME Gene
EC number	3.4.24.11
Gene ontology
Molecular function	• endopeptidase activity; • metalloendopeptidase activity; • protein binding; • zinc ion binding; • peptide binding;
Cellular component	• cytoplasm; • plasma membrane; • integral to plasma membrane; • brush border; • synaptic vesicle; • integral to membrane; • axon; • dendrite; • neuron projection terminus; • synapse;
Biological process	• kidney development; • angiotensin maturation; • proteolysis; • peptide metabolic process; • sensory perception of pain; • cellular protein metabolic process; • creatinine metabolic process; • beta-amyloid metabolic process; • cellular response to cytokine stimulus; • cellular response to UV-A; • cellular response to UV-B; • replicative senescence;
	Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
	More reference expression data
Orthologs
	This box: view; talk; edit;

　　[★]

30歳の男性。貧血の精査のため来院した。昨年の健康診断では異常を指摘されなかったが、2週前から労作時息切れが出現したため自宅近くの診療所を受診したところ、貧血を指摘され精査のため紹介されて受診した。脈拍 88/分、整。血圧 122/78mmHg。眼瞼結膜は貧血様で眼球結膜に黄染を認めない。胸骨右縁第2肋間を最強点とする収縮期駆出性雑音を聴取する。呼吸音に異常を認めない。腹部は平坦、軟で、肝・脾を触知しない。血液所見：赤血球 302万、Hb 8.3g/dL、Ht 28%、白血球 2,400(桿状核好中球 3%、分葉核好中球 28%、好酸球 2%、単球 5%、リンパ球 62%)、血小板 5万。血液生化学所見：総蛋白 7.4g/dL、アルブミン 4.2g/dL、総ビリルビン 0.5mg/dL、直接ビリルビン 0.2mg/dL、AST 27U/L、ALT 19U/L、LD 948U/L(基準 120～245)、ALP 476U/L(基準 115～359)、尿素窒素 12mg/dL、クレアチニン 0.9mg/dL、尿酸 8.5mg/dL、Na 140mEq/L、K 4.0mEq/L、Cl 102mEq/L、Ca 10.0mg/dL、P 6.0mg/dL。CRP 0.8mg/dL。骨髄血塗抹May-Giemsa染色標本(別冊No. 5)を別に示す。異常細胞のペルオキシダーゼ染色は陰性で、表面マーカー解析ではCD10とCD19が陽性で、CD20とCD33は陰性であった。染色体検査でPhiladelphia染色体が検出された。
この患者に投与すべき薬剤はどれか。

[正答]

※国試ナビ4※　［114D021］←［国試_114］→［114D023］

「109I038」

　　[★]

頸部リンパ節生検組織のH-E染色標本(別冊No. 8Ａ、Ｂ)を別に示す。染色体検査ではt(14；18)転座が認められた。
腫瘍細胞に発現している可能性が高いのはどれか。2つ選べ。

a　CD3
b　CD4
c　CD8
d　CD10
e　CD20

[正答]

※国試ナビ4※　［109I037］←［国試_109］→［109I039］

「慢性リンパ性白血病」

　　[★]

英: chronic lymphocytic leukemia, chronic lymphoid leukemia, CLL
関: 白血病

first aid step1 2006 p.300,302,303,304,309,310,427,430

概念

the accumulation of nonproliferating mature-appearing lymphocytes in the blood, marrow, lymph nodes, and spleen.
monoclonal B lymphocytes.
CD5+ and CD23+CD5, CD23
derived from memory B cell.

細胞表面マーカー WCH.2438

condition

smIg

CD5

chronic lymphocytic leukemia

Dim

＋＋

－

－/＋

＋＋

Dim

－/＋

＋＋

＋/－

＋

－

－/＋

Waldenstrom macroglobulinemia

＋＋

－

－/＋

＋＋

＋

－

－/＋

＋/－

＋

－

＋

prolymphocytic leukemia

＋＋＋

－/＋

＋＋

＋＋＋

＋＋

－/＋

＋

＋＋

－

＋

hairy cell leukemia

＋＋＋

－

＋＋

＋＋＋

－

＋＋＋

＋

＋＋＋

hairy cell leukemia variant

＋＋＋

－

＋＋

＋＋＋

－

＋

＋＋＋

splenic lymphoma with villous lymphocytes

＋＋

－/＋

＋/－

＋＋

＋/－

－/＋

＋

＋＋

－/＋

＋＋

marginal zone B-cell lymphoma

＋＋

－

＋/－

＋＋

＋/－

－

－/＋

＋＋

－

＋

mantle cell lymphoma

＋＋

－/＋

－

＋＋

－

＋

＋＋

－

＋＋

follicular lymphoma

＋＋

－/＋

＋＋

－

＋＋

－/＋

－

＋＋

－

＋＋

臨床像

HIM.693

	年齢	子供における頻度	男性(%)	ステージI,II vs III,IV(%)	B症状(%)	骨髄浸潤(%)	消化管浸潤(%)	5年生存率(%)
B細胞CLL/小リンパ球性リンパ腫	65	まれ	53	9 vs 91	33	72	3	51

疫学

YN.G-49

全白血病の2-3%
60歳以上に多い。
男女比=2:1

病態

YN.G-49

正常な免疫グロブリンの産生が抑制されるばかりでなく、異常な自己抗体を産生　→　続発性免疫不全症、自己免疫性溶血性貧血

USMLE

Q book p.246 42

参考

1. [charged] Epidemiology and clinical manifestations of chronic lymphocytic leukemia - uptodate [1]
2. [charged] Pathologic features, diagnosis, and differential diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia - uptodate [2]
3. [charged] Pathophysiology and cytogenetics of chronic lymphocytic leukemia - uptodate [3]

[show details]

慢性リンパ性白血病 : 約 28,600 件
慢性リンパ球性白血病 : 約 47,100 件

「悪性リンパ腫」

　　[★]

英: malignant lymphoma
ラ: lymphoma malignum
関

悪性リンパ腫とマーカー

悪性リンパ腫.xls

sIg

CD5

bcl

TdT

その他

転座

小リンパ性リンパ腫 small lymphocytic lymphoma
慢性リンパ性白血病 chronic lymphocytic leukemia

＋

＋

＋

－

濾胞性リンパ腫 FL
　

＋

－

＋

bcl2　＋

－

MALTリンパ腫
　

－

＋

マントル細胞リンパ腫 MCL
　

＋

－

＋

＋

びまん性大細胞性B細胞リンパ腫 DLBL
　

＋

－

＋／－

＋

bcl6　＋

前駆Bリンパ芽球性リンパ腫
急性Bリンパ球性白血病 LBL/ALL

－

＋

バーキットリンパ腫 BL
　

＋

－

＋

＋

＋

Myc, Ki-67

ｔ（8,14)Myc；IgH　～80%
t(2,8)κ；Myc　～15%

ホジキンリンパ腫
　

CD15, CD30, CD45 -

t(8,22)Myc；λ　～10%

成人T細胞白血病 ATL
　

CD2, CD3, CD4, CD25, HLA-DR, CD8 -

病期

Ann Arbor分類

参考

1.

http://www.rinpashu.com/inspection/

国試

100D031

「慢性骨髄性白血病」

　　[★]

英: chronic myeloid leukemia chronic myelogenous leukemia chronic myelocytic leukemia CML
関: 白血病、染色体異常

血液・造血器 081030I
first aid step1 2006 p.294,303,304,309,310,

概念

造血幹細胞に遺伝子的な変異が生じ、正常な分化能を保持したまま腫瘍性に増殖し、特に顆粒球系の血球の増殖をきたす。
白血球は著増、血小板は増加するが、赤血球は正常もしくは減少する。
慢性に経過するが、急性転化(blastic crisis)により急性白血病と同様の病態をとりうる。

検査

赤血球：→or↓
白血球：↑↑↑
血小板：↑　　　→　急性転化例では↓
好中球アルカリホスファターゼ：低値
NAPスコア：低下　　　　→　急性転化例では↑
血清ビタミンB12、LDH、尿酸、リゾチーム：高値　→　白血球の破壊による
白血病裂孔：なし　→　分化能は保たれているため
染色体：Ph染色体の出現

→　急性転化例では複数のPh染色体、環状Ph¹、形態異常をきたしたPh染色体の出現がみられる(QB.G247)。頻度：複数のPh染色体の出現＞トリソミー＞17番同腕染色体＞19トリソミー？(+19) (WCH.2243)。染色体の変化は血液学的な変化に数ヶ月先だって起こるが、必ずしもblast crisisに繋がるわけではない(WCH.2243)。急性転化例の2/3では骨髄性、1/3でリンパ性にtransformationする。後者の場合、MPO染色陰性、PAS染色陽性、B細胞表面抗原の発現(多くの場合CD10,CD19を発現し,sIgは欠く)、TdT発現(抗体の遺伝子再構成における多様性付与に関与)。(WCH.2243)

骨髄液吸引不能(dry tap)

治療

イマチニブが第一選択となる。適応があれば同種幹細胞移植。

治療に用いる薬物・治療法

イマチニブ
自己幹細胞移植：？
同種幹細胞移植
白血球除去(leukapheresis)・脾摘
インターフェロンα：イマチニブが登場する前は、同種幹細胞移植ができない症例において治療の選択肢の一つであった。
ヒドロキシウレア：。インターフェロンと併用して使われる。代謝拮抗薬。DNA合成を阻害する。骨髄抑制、二次発癌は稀。
シタラビン：Ara-CTPとなり、DNA合成過程のシチジン二リン酸(CDP)還元酵素やDNAポリメラーゼを阻害

ブスルファン？

慢性期

参考2

1. イマチニブ
2. ダサチニブ、ニロチニブ：イマチニブ耐性、不耐容に対し適応有り。
3. 同種幹細胞移植イマチニブ耐性、不耐容に対し適応有り。
4. インターフェロンα＋シタラビン(Ara-C)：イマチニブが投与できない例

移行期

参考2

1. イマチニブ：早めに同種幹細胞移植を考慮。
2. ダサチニブ、ニロチニブ：イマチニブ耐性、不耐容に対して。早めに同種幹細胞移植を考慮。
3. 同種幹細胞移植

急性期

参考2

1. myeloid crisisに対してはAML、lymphoid crisisに対してはALLに対する寛解導入療法に準じた化学療法を行う。
2. 同種幹細胞移植

国試

(治療)099E039
101G034

参考

1. 慢性骨髄性白血病 - がんプロ.com

http://www.gan-pro.com/professional/cancer/child-leukemia/chronic-myelogenous-leukemia.html

2. ISBN 4524253876 p.132

「MALTリンパ腫」

　　[★]

英: mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma MALToma
同: 粘膜関連リンパ組織リンパ腫
関: 胃MALTリンパ腫、悪性リンパ腫

概念

比較的緩徐な経過をたどる低悪性度リンパ腫

リンパ濾胞(リンパ小節)の胚中心：{被膜側}頂部明調域(生存を許された分化したB細胞がとどまる。記憶細胞か形質細胞になってリンパ小節を去る)～基底側明調域(sIgを発現しクラススイッチを起こして中心細胞となる。中心細胞は濾胞樹状細胞から抗原提示をうける。)～暗調域(sIgを持たないB細胞(中心芽細胞)が密集。増殖盛ん)～帽状域{中心側})

リンパ濾胞外側領域(おそらく胚中心の頂部明調領域であろう)のB細胞層にある記憶B細胞に由来する。
形態は小型胚中心細胞に似ており、広く明調な細胞質と切れ込みを認める。

原因

胃MALTリンパ腫

Helicobacter pyloriの感染
染色体異常：t(11;18)(q21;q21)

病理

胃MALTリンパ腫の場合、胃癌0-IIc型(表面感凹型)に似ている。
胃炎型の粘膜は萎縮性胃炎像、多発びらん、顆粒状、敷石状粘膜

細胞表面マーカー

CD5 -、CD10 -、CD19 +、CD23 -、CD43 -/+、sIgG -、sIgM +

特徴 YN.A-46

胚中心細胞に類似したcentrocyte-like cellの浸潤
粘膜上皮の破壊像
単クローン性免疫グロブリンを有する形質細胞の浸潤
リンパ濾胞の残存

検査

染色体

t(11;18)(q21;q21)

API2(11q21)、MALT1(18q21)

診断

胃生検

治療

ヘリコバクター・ピロリ菌の除菌により消失することがある

薬物療法：

抗菌薬：ヘリコバクターの除菌　→　第一選択とすることが推奨されている(参考1)

除菌治療の有効性予測因子：　H. pylori感染の有無、臨床病期、深達度、API2-MALT1 染色体転座　(参考1)

抗悪性腫瘍薬：(病変が広範囲に及んでいる場合 more extensive disease)chlorambucil単剤。rituximabを加えて使用するレジメンもある。(HIM.694)
放射線療法
リツキシマブ

手術療法：

(病変が限局している場合)有効

up2date

Management of gastrointestinal lymphomas (This topic last updated: 6月 2, 2010)

(Lugano I/II)

H. pylori陽性：H.pylori除菌を行う
H. pylori陰性 or t(11;18)転座：局所放射線療法

(Lugano IV)

H. pylori陽性：H.pylori除菌を行う。免疫療法や化学療法が必要になるまで症状が進むまで経過観察。

消化管の切除は消化管穿孔や消化管閉塞を合併するまでreserveされる。

予後

リンパ節転移は少なく、臨床的進行は遅い。
中間～良好 (LAB.1219)

参考

1. Helicobacter pylori 感染の診断と治療のガイドライン2009改訂版 - 日本ヘリコバクター学会

http://www.jshr.jp/pdf/journal/guideline2009-2.pdf

2. 写真

http://pathol.ncc.go.jp/matsuno/images/matsuno-43.htm

3. 写真

http://user.shikoku.ne.jp/hirata/geca/sub48.html

「マントル細胞リンパ腫」

　　[★]

英: mantle-cell lymphoma, mantle cell lymphoma
関: 暗殻細胞リンパ腫、中間型リンパ球性リンパ腫 intermediate lymphocytic lymphoma、外套層状リンパ腫 mantle zone lymphoma; 悪性リンパ腫

概念

成熟B細胞腫瘍の一種
染色体転座t(11;14)(q13;q32)が認められる。
CD5を発現する。CyclinD1遺伝子の過剰発現は高頻度

別名：MCL has been previously referred to as intermediate lymphocytic lymphoma, mantle zone lymphoma, centrocytic lymphoma, and lymphocytic lymphoma of intermediate differentiation

発生母地

Most MCL cases are postulated to derive from naïve pre-germinal center B cells of the mantle zone, while a subset of MCL may originate from marginal zone or peripheral blood memory B cells.

講義ノート

中リンパ球
核クロマチンは均一に濃縮し、核小体は不明瞭。核は軽度の不整とくびれ有り(convoluted cell)
マントル細胞リンパ腫は慢性リンパ性白血病と同様にCD5(+)のB細胞であるが、予後は大きく異なり、化学療法のCHOPが奏効しにくく、寛解率は10-40%。

細胞表面マーカー

sIg	＋	細胞表面のIg
CD5	＋	胸腺細胞、T細胞、B細胞のサブセット
CD10	－	B細胞やT細胞前駆体。骨髄間質細胞(bone marrow stromal cell) 。Zinc metalloproteinase, marker for pre-B acute lymphatic leukemia (ALL)
CD19	＋	B-cell co-receptor: CD19+CD21+CD81
cyclin	＋	サイクリン依存性キナーゼ(CDK)の活性化サブユニット
*Bリンパ球のマーカーとされているもの CD10,CD19,CD20

発生母地

The malignant cell in mantle cell lymphoma is postulated to derive from a naive B-cell of follicle mantle or germinal center origin. This cell is distinct from both the recirculating B-cell of B-CLL/SLL and the later centrocyte of follicular lymphoma

-mantle-cell lymphoma

「CD102」

　　[★]

関: intracellular adhesion molecule 2, ICAM-2:CD102

関: intracellular adhesion molecule 2, ICAM-2:CD102

「CD106」

　　[★]

関: intracellular adhesion molecule 3, ICAM-3:CD50

関: intracellular adhesion molecule 3, ICAM-3:CD50

「CD1」

　　[★]

同: leucine-6, CD1A through E

種類

CD1a, CD1b, CD1c, CD1d

発現組織

胸腺皮質、ランゲルハンス細胞、樹状細胞、B細胞(CD1c)、腸上皮、平滑筋、血管上皮(CD1d)

分子量

43-49

機能

MHC class I-like molecule, associated with β2-microgloulin. Has specialized role in presentation of lipid antigens

「CD」

　　[★]

[entrez-1] "Entrez Gene: Membrane metallo-endopeptidase".

[2] Human T, B, natural killer, and dendritic cells arise from a common bone marrow progenitor cell subset. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7584137

[urlCD_Markers_-_CD10-3] Singh C (2011-02-25). "CD10". CD Markers. PathologyOutlines.com, Inc.

[pmid20051779-4] Papandreou CN, Nanus DM (January 2010). "Is methylation the key to CD10 loss?". J. Pediatr. Hematol. Oncol. 32 (1): 2–3. doi:10.1097/MPH.0b013e3181c74aca. PMID 20051779.

[Madani-5] Madani R, Poirier R, Wolfer DP, Welzl H, Groscurth P, Lipp HP, Lu B, El Mouedden M, Mercken M, Nitsch RM, Mohajeri MH (December 2006). "Lack of neprilysin suffices to generate murine amyloid-like deposits in the brain and behavioral deficit in vivo". J. Neurosci. Res. 84 (8): 1871–8. doi:10.1002/jnr.21074. PMID 16998901.

[Iwata1-6] Iwata N, Tsubuki S, Takaki Y, Watanabe K, Sekiguchi M, Hosoki E, Kawashima-Morishima M, Lee HJ, Hama E, Sekine-Aizawa Y, Saido TC (February 2000). "Identification of the major Abeta1-42-degrading catabolic pathway in brain parenchyma: suppression leads to biochemical and pathological deposition". Nat. Med. 6 (2): 143–50. doi:10.1038/72237. PMID 10655101.

[Iwata-7] Iwata N, Higuchi M, Saido TC (November 2005). "Metabolism of amyloid-beta peptide and Alzheimer's disease". Pharmacol. Ther. 108 (2): 129–48. doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2005.03.010. PMID 16112736.

[Hama-8] Hama E, Saido TC (2005). "Etiology of sporadic Alzheimer's disease: somatostatin, neprilysin, and amyloid beta peptide". Med. Hypotheses 65 (3): 498–500. doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2005.02.045. PMID 15921860.

[Wang-9] Wang DS, Iwata N, Hama E, Saido TC, Dickson DW (October 2003). "Oxidized neprilysin in aging and Alzheimer's disease brains". Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 310 (1): 236–41. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2003.09.003. PMID 14511676.

[Sahli-10] Sahli S, Stump B, Welti T, Schweizer WB, Diederich R, Blum-Kaelin D, Aebi JD, Böhm H-J (April 2005). "A New Class of Inhibitors for the Metalloprotease Neprilysin Based on a Central Imidazole Scaffold". Helvetica Chimica Acta 88 (4): 707–730. doi:10.1002/hlca.200590050.

[Oefner-11] Oefner C, Roques BP, Fournie-Zaluski MC, Dale GE (February 2004). "Structural analysis of neprilysin with various specific and potent inhibitors". Acta Crystallogr. D Biol. Crystallogr. 60 (Pt 2): 392–6. doi:10.1107/S0907444903027410. PMID 14747736.

[Velazquez-12] Velazquez EF, Yancovitz M, Pavlick A, Berman R, Shapiro R, Bogunovic D, O'Neill D, Yu YL, Spira J, Christos PJ, Zhou XK, Mazumdar M, Nanus DM, Liebes L, Bhardwaj N, Polsky D, Osman I (2007). "Clinical relevance of neutral endopeptidase (NEP/CD10) in melanoma". J Transl Med 5: 2. doi:10.1186/1479-5876-5-2. PMC 1770905. PMID 17207277.

[Cohen-13] Cohen AJ, Bunn PA, Franklin W, Magill-Solc C, Hartmann C, Helfrich B, Gilman L, Folkvord J, Helm K, Miller YE (February 1996). "Neutral endopeptidase: variable expression in human lung, inactivation in lung cancer, and modulation of peptide-induced calcium flux". Cancer Res. 56 (4): 831–9. PMID 8631021.

[pmid18271311-14] Alasbahi R, Melzig MF (January 2008). "Screening of some Yemeni medicinal plants for inhibitory activity against peptidases". Pharmazie 63 (1): 86–8. PMID 18271311.

[pmid22431545-15] McGowan P, Nelles N, Wimmer J, Williams D, Wen J, Li M, Ewton A, Curry C, Zu Y, Sheehan A, Chang CC (2012). "Differentiating between Burkitt lymphoma and CD10+ diffuse large B-cell lymphoma: the role of commonly used flow cytometry cell markers and the application of a multiparameter scoring system". Am. J. Clin. Pathol. 137 (4): 665–70. doi:10.1309/AJCP3FEPX5BEEKGX. PMID 22431545.

[pmid15920553-16] Berglund M, Thunberg U, Amini RM, Book M, Roos G, Erlanson M, Linderoth J, Dictor M, Jerkeman M, Cavallin-Ståhl E, Sundström C, Rehn-Eriksson S, Backlin C, Hagberg H, Rosenquist R, Enblad G (2005). "Evaluation of immunophenotype in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and its impact on prognosis". Mod. Pathol. 18 (8): 1113–20. doi:10.1038/modpathol.3800396. PMID 15920553.

[pmid20309427-17] Höller S, Horn H, Lohr A, Mäder U, Katzenberger T, Kalla J, Bernd HW, Went P, Ott MM, Müller-Hermelink HK, Rosenwald A, Ott G (2009). "A cytomorphological and immunohistochemical profile of aggressive B-cell lymphoma: high clinical impact of a cumulative immunohistochemical outcome predictor score". J Hematop 2 (4): 187–94. doi:10.1007/s12308-009-0044-x. PMC 2798934. PMID 20309427.

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[pmid13679451-23] Cook JR, Craig FE, Swerdlow SH (2003). "Benign CD10-positive T cells in reactive lymphoid proliferations and B-cell lymphomas". Mod. Pathol. 16 (9): 879–85. doi:10.1097/01.MP.0000084630.64243.D1. PMID 13679451.

[pmid22417859-24] Yasir S, Herrera L, Gomez-Fernandez C, Reis IM, Umar S, Leveillee R, Kava B, Jorda M (2012). "CD10⁺ and CK7/RON- immunophenotype distinguishes renal cell carcinoma, conventional type with eosinophilic morphology from its mimickers". Appl. Immunohistochem. Mol. Morphol. 20 (5): 454–61. doi:10.1097/PAI.0b013e31823fecd3. PMID 22417859.

[pmid11023097-25] Notohara K, Hamazaki S, Tsukayama C, Nakamoto S, Kawabata K, Mizobuchi K, Sakamoto K, Okada S (2000). "Solid-pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas: immunohistochemical localization of neuroendocrine markers and CD10". Am. J. Surg. Pathol. 24 (10): 1361–71. PMID 11023097.

[pmid19570076-26] Córdoba A, Guerrero D, Larrinaga B, Iglesias ME, Arrechea MA, Yanguas JI (2009). "Bcl-2 and CD10 expression in the differential diagnosis of trichoblastoma, basal cell carcinoma, and basal cell carcinoma with follicular differentiation". Int. J. Dermatol. 48 (7): 713–7. doi:10.1111/j.1365-4632.2009.04076.x. PMID 19570076.

[pmid23825889-27] Sari Aslani F, Akbarzadeh-Jahromi M, Jowkar F (2013). "Value of CD10 Expression in Differentiating Cutaneous Basal from Squamous Cell Carcinomas and Basal Cell Carcinoma from Trichoepithelioma". Iran J Med Sci 38 (2): 100–6. PMC 3700055. PMID 23825889.

[pmid16191505-28] Murali R, Delprado W (2005). "CD10 immunohistochemical staining in urothelial neoplasms". Am. J. Clin. Pathol. 124 (3): 371–9. doi:10.1309/04BH-F6A8-0BQM-H7HT. PMID 16191505.

[pmid19917108-29] Bahadir B, Behzatoglu K, Bektas S, Bozkurt ER, Ozdamar SO (2009). "CD10 expression in urothelial carcinoma of the bladder". Diagn Pathol 4: 38. doi:10.1186/1746-1596-4-38. PMC 2780995. PMID 19917108.

[pmid12218209-30] Mikami Y, Hata S, Kiyokawa T, Manabe T (2002). "Expression of CD10 in malignant müllerian mixed tumors and adenosarcomas: an immunohistochemical study". Mod. Pathol. 15 (9): 923–30. doi:10.1097/01.MP.0000026058.33869.DB. PMID 12218209.

[pmid11532038-31] McCluggage WG, Sumathi VP, Maxwell P (2001). "CD10 is a sensitive and diagnostically useful immunohistochemical marker of normal endometrial stroma and of endometrial stromal neoplasms". Histopathology 39 (3): 273–8. PMID 11532038.

[pmid15867200-32] Kabbinavar FF, Hambleton J, Mass RD, Hurwitz HI, Bergsland E, Sarkar S (2005). "Combined analysis of efficacy: the addition of bevacizumab to fluorouracil/leucovorin improves survival for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer". J. Clin. Oncol. 23 (16): 3706–12. doi:10.1200/JCO.2005.00.232. PMID 15867200.

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[pmid15578072-34] Jung SM, Kuo TT (2005). "Immunoreactivity of CD10 and inhibin alpha in differentiating hemangioblastoma of central nervous system from metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma". Mod. Pathol. 18 (6): 788–94. doi:10.1038/modpathol.3800351. PMID 15578072.

[pmid22497861-35] Yin WH, Li J, Chan JK (2012). "Sporadic haemangioblastoma of the kidney with rhabdoid features and focal CD10 expression: report of a case and literature review". Diagn Pathol 7: 39. doi:10.1186/1746-1596-7-39. PMC 3364142. PMID 22497861.

匿名

検索

案内

CD10

発現細胞

分子量

機能

別名

PrepTutorEJDIC

Wikipedia preview

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Contents

Amyloid beta regulation

Signaling peptides

Inhibitors

Immunochemistry

In lymphomas and leukemias

In epithelial tumors

In other tumors

See also

References

External links

UpToDate Contents

English Journal

Japanese Journal

Related Links

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★リンクテーブル★

「114D022」

「109I038」

「慢性リンパ性白血病」

概念

細胞表面マーカー WCH.2438

臨床像

疫学

病態

USMLE

参考

「悪性リンパ腫」

悪性リンパ腫とマーカー

病期

参考

国試

「慢性骨髄性白血病」

概念

検査

治療

治療に用いる薬物・治療法

慢性期

移行期

急性期

国試

参考

「MALTリンパ腫」

概念

原因

病理

細胞表面マーカー

特徴 YN.A-46

検査

染色体

診断

治療

up2date

予後

参考

「マントル細胞リンパ腫」

概念

発生母地

講義ノート

細胞表面マーカー

発生母地

「CD102」

「CD106」

「CD1」

種類

発現組織

分子量

機能

「CD」