ヒポキサンチン・グアニンホスホリボシルトランスフェラーゼ
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2015/11/22 10:54:12」(JST)
[Wiki ja表示]
ヒポキサンチン-グアニンホスホリボシルトランスフェラーゼ
ヒポキサンチン-グアニンホスホリボシルトランスフェラーゼ(英: Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase; HGPRT, HPRT[1]、EC 2.4.2.8)は、プリン代謝酵素の1つ。
目次
- 1 反応
- 2 突然変異
- 3 関連項目
- 4 脚注
- 5 参考文献
- 6 外部リンク
反応
この酵素は以下の反応を行う。
反応物 |
生成物 |
記述 |
ヒポキサンチン |
イノシン酸(イノシン一リン酸、IMP) |
- |
グアニン |
グアニル酸(グアニン一リン酸、GMP) |
この反応をするときのみしばしばHGPRTと呼ばれる。 |
キサンチン |
キサンチル酸(キサントシン一リン酸、XMP) |
- |
この酵素は主に退化したDNAからプリンの再合成を行う。その役割は、グアニンとホスホリボシル二リン酸(PRPP)からのGMPの合成、および、ヒポキサンチンとPRPPからのIMPの合成である。
突然変異
遺伝子の突然変異は高尿酸血症を誘引する。
- レッシュ・ナイハン症候群はHPRTの突然変異で起こる。
- いくつかの変異は痛風に繋がる。
関連項目
脚注
- ^ Entrez Gene: hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase 1 (Lesch-Nyhan syndrome)
参考文献
- Sculley DG, Dawson PA, Emmerson BT, Gordon RB (1993). "A review of the molecular basis of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) deficiency.". Hum. Genet. 90 (3): 195-207. PMID 1487231.
- Davidson BL, Tarlé SA, Van Antwerp M, et al. (1991). "Identification of 17 independent mutations responsible for human hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) deficiency.". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 48 (5): 951-8. PMID 2018042.
- Stout JT, Caskey CT (1986). "HPRT: gene structure, expression, and mutation.". Annu. Rev. Genet. 19: 127-48. doi:10.1146/annurev.ge.19.120185.001015. PMID 3909940.
- Sege-Peterson K, Chambers J, Page T, et al. (1993). "Characterization of mutations in phenotypic variants of hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency.". Hum. Mol. Genet. 1 (6): 427-32. PMID 1301916.
- Lightfoot T, Joshi R, Nuki G, Snyder FF (1992). "The point mutation of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRTEdinburgh) and detection by allele-specific polymerase chain reaction.". Hum. Genet. 88 (6): 695-6. PMID 1551676.
- Yamada Y, Goto H, Ogasawara N (1992). "Identification of two independent Japanese mutant HPRT genes using the PCR technique.". Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 309B: 121-4. PMID 1840476.
- Sculley DG, Dawson PA, Beacham IR, et al. (1991). "Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency: analysis of HPRT mutations by direct sequencing and allele-specific amplification.". Hum. Genet. 87 (6): 688-92. PMID 1937471.
- Tarlé SA, Davidson BL, Wu VC, et al. (1991). "Determination of the mutations responsible for the Lesch-Nyhan syndrome in 17 subjects.". Genomics 10 (2): 499-501. PMID 2071157.
- Gordon RB, Sculley DG, Dawson PA, et al. (1991). "Identification of a single nucleotide substitution in the coding sequence of in vitro amplified cDNA from a patient with partial HPRT deficiency (HPRTBRISBANE).". J. Inherit. Metab. Dis. 13 (5): 692-700. PMID 2246854.
- Edwards A, Voss H, Rice P, et al. (1990). "Automated DNA sequencing of the human HPRT locus.". Genomics 6 (4): 593-608. PMID 2341149.
- Gibbs RA, Nguyen PN, Edwards A, et al. (1990). "Multiplex DNA deletion detection and exon sequencing of the hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase gene in Lesch-Nyhan families.". Genomics 7 (2): 235-44. PMID 2347587.
- Skopek TR, Recio L, Simpson D, et al. (1990). "Molecular analyses of a Lesch-Nyhan syndrome mutation (hprtMontreal) by use of T-lymphocyte cultures.". Hum. Genet. 85 (1): 111-6. PMID 2358296.
- Davidson BL, Tarlé SA, Palella TD, Kelley WN (1989). "Molecular basis of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency in ten subjects determined by direct sequencing of amplified transcripts.". J. Clin. Invest. 84 (1): 342-6. PMID 2738157.
- Ogasawara N, Stout JT, Goto H, et al. (1989). "Molecular analysis of a female Lesch-Nyhan patient.". J. Clin. Invest. 84 (3): 1024-7. PMID 2760209.
- Yang TP, Stout JT, Konecki DS, et al. (1988). "Spontaneous reversion of novel Lesch-Nyhan mutation by HPRT gene rearrangement.". Somat. Cell Mol. Genet. 14 (3): 293-303. PMID 2835825.
- Fujimori S, Hidaka Y, Davidson BL, et al. (1988). "Identification of a single nucleotide change in a mutant gene for hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT Ann Arbor).". Hum. Genet. 79 (1): 39-43. PMID 2896620.
- Davidson BL, Pashmforoush M, Kelley WN, Palella TD (1989). "Human hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency. The molecular defect in a patient with gout (HPRTAshville).". J. Biol. Chem. 264 (1): 520-5. PMID 2909537.
- Fujimori S, Davidson BL, Kelley WN, Palella TD (1989). "Identification of a single nucleotide change in the hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase gene (HPRTYale) responsible for Lesch-Nyhan syndrome.". J. Clin. Invest. 83 (1): 11-3. PMID 2910902.
外部リンク
- Purine metabolism at genome.jp
- MeSH Hypoxanthine+phosphoribosyltransferase
[Wiki en表示]
Hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase 1 |
Ribbon diagram of a human HPRT tetramer. Magnesium ions visible in green. From PDB: 1BZY.
|
Available structures |
PDB |
Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB |
List of PDB id codes |
1BZY, 1D6N, 1HMP, 1Z7G, 2VFA, 3GEP, 3GGC, 3GGJ, 4IJQ, 4KN6, 4RAB, 4RAC, 4RAD, 4RAN, 4RAO, 4RAQ
|
|
|
Identifiers |
Symbols |
HPRT1 ; HGPRT; HPRT |
External IDs |
OMIM: 308000 MGI: 96217 HomoloGene: 56590 ChEMBL: 2360 GeneCards: HPRT1 Gene |
EC number |
2.4.2.8 |
Gene ontology |
Molecular function |
• nucleotide binding
• magnesium ion binding
• hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase activity
• protein binding
• protein homodimerization activity
• guanine phosphoribosyltransferase activity
|
Cellular component |
• cytoplasm
• cytosol
• extracellular exosome
|
Biological process |
• response to amphetamine
• purine nucleobase metabolic process
• purine nucleotide biosynthetic process
• purine ribonucleoside salvage
• adenine salvage
• guanine salvage
• grooming behavior
• locomotory behavior
• cytolysis
• striatum development
• cerebral cortex neuron differentiation
• central nervous system neuron development
• GMP salvage
• IMP salvage
• dopamine metabolic process
• purine-containing compound salvage
• hypoxanthine salvage
• small molecule metabolic process
• positive regulation of dopamine metabolic process
• GMP catabolic process
• IMP metabolic process
• hypoxanthine metabolic process
• lymphocyte proliferation
• dendrite morphogenesis
• protein homotetramerization
• nucleobase-containing small molecule metabolic process
|
Sources: Amigo / QuickGO |
|
RNA expression pattern |
|
More reference expression data |
Orthologs |
Species |
Human |
Mouse |
Entrez |
3251 |
15452 |
Ensembl |
ENSG00000165704 |
ENSMUSG00000025630 |
UniProt |
P00492 |
P00493 |
RefSeq (mRNA) |
NM_000194 |
NM_013556 |
RefSeq (protein) |
NP_000185 |
NP_038584 |
Location (UCSC) |
Chr X:
134.46 – 134.52 Mb |
Chr X:
52.99 – 53.02 Mb |
PubMed search |
[1] |
[2] |
|
Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT) is an enzyme encoded in humans by the HPRT1 gene.[1][2]
HGPRT is a transferase that catalyzes conversion of hypoxanthine to inosine monophosphate and guanine to guanosine monophosphate. This reaction transfers the 5-phosphoribosyl group from 5-phosphoribosyl 1-pyrophosphate (PRPP) to the purine. HGPRT plays a central role in the generation of purine nucleotides through the purine salvage pathway.
Contents
- 1 Function
- 2 Substrates and inhibitors
- 3 Role in disease
- 4 Hybridomas
- 5 See also
- 6 References
- 7 Further reading
- 8 External links
Function
hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase |
Identifiers |
EC number |
2.4.2.8 |
CAS number |
9016-12-0 |
Databases |
IntEnz |
IntEnz view |
BRENDA |
BRENDA entry |
ExPASy |
NiceZyme view |
KEGG |
KEGG entry |
MetaCyc |
metabolic pathway |
PRIAM |
profile |
PDB structures |
RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum |
Gene Ontology |
AmiGO / EGO |
Search |
PMC |
articles |
PubMed |
articles |
NCBI |
proteins |
|
HGPRT catalyzes the following reactions:
Substrate |
Product |
Notes |
hypoxanthine |
inosine monophosphate |
— |
guanine |
guanosine monophosphate |
Often called HGPRT. Performs this function only in some species. |
xanthine |
xanthosine monophosphate |
Only certain HPRTs. |
HGPRTase functions primarily to salvage purines from degraded DNA to reintroduce into purine synthetic pathways. In this role, it catalyzes the reaction between guanine and phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate (PRPP) to form GMP, or between hypoxanthine and phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate (PRPP) to form inosine monophosphate.
Substrates and inhibitors
Comparative homology modelling of this enzyme in L. donovani suggest that among all of the computationally screened compounds, pentamidine, 1,3-dinitroadamantane, acyclovir and analogs of acyclovir had higher binding affinities than the real substrate (guanosine monophosphate).[3]
Role in disease
Mutations in the gene lead to hyperuricemia:
- Some men have partial (up to 20% less activity of the enzyme) HGPRT deficiency that causes high levels of uric acid in the blood, which leads to the development of gouty arthritis and the formation of uric acid stones in the urinary tract. This condition has been named the Kelley-Seegmiller syndrome.[4]
- Lesch-Nyhan syndrome is due to deficiency of HGPRT caused by HPRT1 mutation [5]
- Some mutations have been linked to gout, the risk of which is increased in hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency.
- HPRT expression on the mRNA and protein level is induced by hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF1A). HIF-1 is a transcription factor that directs an array of cellular responses that are used for adaptation during oxygen deprivation. This finding implies that HPRT is a critical pathway that helps preserve the cell's purine nucleotide resources under hypoxic conditions as found in pathology such as myocardial ischemia.[6]
Hybridomas
Hybridomas are immortal (immune to cellular senescence), HGPRT+ cells that result from fusion of mortal, HGPRT+ plasma cells and immortal, HGPRT− myeloma cells. They are created to produce monoclonal antibodies in biotechnology. HAT medium inhibits de novo synthesis of nucleic acids, killing myelomas that cannot switch over to salvage pathway, due to lack of HRPT1. Plasma cells eventually die from senesence, leaving pure hybridoma cells.
See also
References
- ^ "Entrez Gene: hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase 1 (Lesch-Nyhan syndrome)".
- ^ Finette BA, Kendall H, Vacek PM (Aug 2002). "Mutational spectral analysis at the HPRT locus in healthy children". Mutation Research 505 (1-2): 27–41. doi:10.1016/S0027-5107(02)00119-7. PMID 12175903.
- ^ Ansari MY, Dikhit MR, Sahoo GC, Das P (Apr 2012). "Comparative modeling of HGPRT enzyme of L. donovani and binding affinities of different analogs of GMP". International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 50 (3): 637–49. doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2012.01.010. PMID 22327112.
- ^ Khattak FH, Morris IM, Harris K (May 1998). "Kelley-Seegmiller syndrome: a case report and review of the literature". British Journal of Rheumatology 37 (5): 580–1. doi:10.1093/rheumatology/37.5.580c. PMID 9651092.
- ^ Hladnik U, Nyhan WL, Bertelli M (Sep 2008). "Variable expression of HPRT deficiency in 5 members of a family with the same mutation". Archives of Neurology 65 (9): 1240–3. doi:10.1001/archneur.65.9.1240. PMID 18779430.
- ^ Wu J, Bond C, Chen P, Chen M, Li Y, Shohet RV, Wright G (Feb 2015). "HIF-1α in the heart: Remodeling nucleotide metabolism". Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology. doi:10.1016/j.yjmcc.2015.01.014. PMID 25681585.
Further reading
- Sculley DG, Dawson PA, Emmerson BT, Gordon RB (Nov 1992). "A review of the molecular basis of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) deficiency". Human Genetics 90 (3): 195–207. doi:10.1007/bf00220062. PMID 1487231.
- Ansari MY, Dikhit MR, Sahoo GC, Das P (Apr 2012). "Comparative modeling of HGPRT enzyme of L. donovani and binding affinities of different analogs of GMP". International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 50 (3): 637–49. doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2012.01.010. PMID 22327112.
- Davidson BL, Tarlé SA, Van Antwerp M, Gibbs DA, Watts RW, Kelley WN, Palella TD (May 1991). "Identification of 17 independent mutations responsible for human hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT) deficiency". American Journal of Human Genetics 48 (5): 951–8. PMC 1683055. PMID 2018042.
- Stout JT, Caskey CT (1986). "HPRT: gene structure, expression, and mutation". Annual Review of Genetics 19: 127–48. doi:10.1146/annurev.ge.19.120185.001015. PMID 3909940.
- Sege-Peterson K, Chambers J, Page T, Jones OW, Nyhan WL (Sep 1992). "Characterization of mutations in phenotypic variants of hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency". Human Molecular Genetics 1 (6): 427–32. doi:10.1093/hmg/1.6.427. PMID 1301916.
- Lightfoot T, Joshi R, Nuki G, Snyder FF (Mar 1992). "The point mutation of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRTEdinburgh) and detection by allele-specific polymerase chain reaction". Human Genetics 88 (6): 695–6. doi:10.1007/BF02265300. PMID 1551676.
- Yamada Y, Goto H, Ogasawara N (1992). "Identification of two independent Japanese mutant HPRT genes using the PCR technique". Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology 309B: 121–4. doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-7703-4_27. ISBN 978-1-4615-7705-8. PMID 1840476.
- Sculley DG, Dawson PA, Beacham IR, Emmerson BT, Gordon RB (Oct 1991). "Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency: analysis of HPRT mutations by direct sequencing and allele-specific amplification". Human Genetics 87 (6): 688–92. doi:10.1007/BF00201727. PMID 1937471.
- Tarlé SA, Davidson BL, Wu VC, Zidar FJ, Seegmiller JE, Kelley WN, Palella TD (Jun 1991). "Determination of the mutations responsible for the Lesch-Nyhan syndrome in 17 subjects". Genomics 10 (2): 499–501. doi:10.1016/0888-7543(91)90341-B. PMID 2071157.
- Gordon RB, Sculley DG, Dawson PA, Beacham IR, Emmerson BT (1991). "Identification of a single nucleotide substitution in the coding sequence of in vitro amplified cDNA from a patient with partial HPRT deficiency (HPRTBRISBANE)". Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease 13 (5): 692–700. doi:10.1007/BF01799570. PMID 2246854.
- Edwards A, Voss H, Rice P, Civitello A, Stegemann J, Schwager C, Zimmermann J, Erfle H, Caskey CT, Ansorge W (Apr 1990). "Automated DNA sequencing of the human HPRT locus". Genomics 6 (4): 593–608. doi:10.1016/0888-7543(90)90493-E. PMID 2341149.
- Gibbs RA, Nguyen PN, Edwards A, Civitello AB, Caskey CT (Jun 1990). "Multiplex DNA deletion detection and exon sequencing of the hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase gene in Lesch-Nyhan families". Genomics 7 (2): 235–44. doi:10.1016/0888-7543(90)90545-6. PMID 2347587.
- Skopek TR, Recio L, Simpson D, Dallaire L, Melancon SB, Ogier H, O'Neill JP, Falta MT, Nicklas JA, Albertini RJ (Jun 1990). "Molecular analyses of a Lesch-Nyhan syndrome mutation (hprtMontreal) by use of T-lymphocyte cultures". Human Genetics 85 (1): 111–6. doi:10.1007/BF00276334. PMID 2358296.
- Davidson BL, Tarlé SA, Palella TD, Kelley WN (Jul 1989). "Molecular basis of hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency in ten subjects determined by direct sequencing of amplified transcripts". The Journal of Clinical Investigation 84 (1): 342–6. doi:10.1172/JCI114160. PMC 303988. PMID 2738157.
- Ogasawara N, Stout JT, Goto H, Sonta S, Matsumoto A, Caskey CT (Sep 1989). "Molecular analysis of a female Lesch-Nyhan patient". The Journal of Clinical Investigation 84 (3): 1024–7. doi:10.1172/JCI114224. PMC 329751. PMID 2760209.
- Yang TP, Stout JT, Konecki DS, Patel PI, Alford RL, Caskey CT (May 1988). "Spontaneous reversion of novel Lesch-Nyhan mutation by HPRT gene rearrangement". Somatic Cell and Molecular Genetics 14 (3): 293–303. doi:10.1007/BF01534590. PMID 2835825.
- Fujimori S, Hidaka Y, Davidson BL, Palella TD, Kelley WN (May 1988). "Identification of a single nucleotide change in a mutant gene for hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HPRT Ann Arbor)". Human Genetics 79 (1): 39–43. doi:10.1007/BF00291707. PMID 2896620.
- Davidson BL, Pashmforoush M, Kelley WN, Palella TD (Jan 1989). "Human hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase deficiency. The molecular defect in a patient with gout (HPRTAshville)". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 264 (1): 520–5. PMID 2909537.
- Fujimori S, Davidson BL, Kelley WN, Palella TD (Jan 1989). "Identification of a single nucleotide change in the hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase gene (HPRTYale) responsible for Lesch-Nyhan syndrome". The Journal of Clinical Investigation 83 (1): 11–3. doi:10.1172/JCI113846. PMC 303636. PMID 2910902.
External links
- Hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
- Purine metabolism at genome.jp
- GeneReviews/NCBI/NIH/UW entry on Lesch-Nyhan Syndrome
PDB gallery
|
|
|
1bzy: HUMAN HGPRTASE WITH TRANSITION STATE INHIBITOR
|
|
1d6n: TERNARY COMPLEX STRUCTURE OF HUMAN HGPRTASE, PRPP, MG2+, AND THE INHIBITOR HPP REVEALS THE INVOLVEMENT OF THE FLEXIBLE LOOP IN SUBSTRATE BINDING
|
|
1hmp: THE CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF HUMAN HYPOXANTHINE-GUANINE PHOSPHORIBOSYLTRANSFERASE WITH BOUND GMP
|
|
|
|
Transferases: glycosyltransferases (EC 2.4)
|
|
2.4.1: Hexosyl-
transferases |
Glucosyl- |
- Phosphorylase
- Glycogen synthase
- Debranching enzyme
- Branching enzyme
- 1,3-Beta-glucan synthase
- Ceramide glucosyltransferase
|
|
Galactosyl- |
- Lactose synthase
- B-N-acetylglucosaminyl-glycopeptide b-1,4-galactosyltransferase
- Glycoprotein-N-acetylgalactosamine 3-beta-galactosyltransferase (C1GALT1)
|
|
Glucuronosyl- |
- UGT1A1
- UGT1A3
- UGT1A4
- UGT1A5
- UGT1A6
- UGT1A7
- UGT1A8
- UGT1A9
- UGT1A10
- UGT2A1
- UGT2A2
- UGT2A3
- UGT2B4
- UGT2B7
- UGT2B10
- UGT2B11
- UGT2B15
- UGT2B17
- UGT2B28
- Hyaluronan synthase: HAS1
- HAS2
- HAS3
|
|
Fucosyl- |
- POFUT1
- POFUT2
- FUT1
- FUT2
- FUT3
- FUT4
- FUT5
- FUT6
- FUT7
- FUT8
- FUT9
- FUT10
- FUT11
|
|
Mannosyl- |
- Dolichyl-phosphate-mannose-protein mannosyltransferase
- DPM1
- DPM3
- ALG1
- ALG2
- ALG3
- ALG6
- ALG8
- ALG9
- ALG12
|
|
|
2.4.2: Pentosyl-
transferases |
Ribose |
ADP-ribosyltransferase |
- NAD+:diphthamide ADP-ribosyltransferase
- NAD(P)+:arginine ADP-ribosyltransferase
- Pertussis toxin
- Cholera toxin
- Poly ADP ribose polymerase
|
|
Phosphoribosyltransferase |
- Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase
- Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase
- Uracil phosphoribosyltransferase
- Amidophosphoribosyltransferase
|
|
Other |
- Purine nucleoside phosphorylase: Thymidine phosphorylase
|
|
|
Other |
- Xylosyltransferase
- Arabinosyltransferase
- Indolylacetylinositol arabinosyltransferase
|
|
|
2.4.99: Sialyl
transferases |
- Beta-galactoside alpha-2,6-sialyltransferase
- Monosialoganglioside sialyltransferase
- ST8SIA4
|
|
- Biochemistry overview
- Enzymes overview
- By EC number: 1.1
- 2
- 3
- 4
- 5
- 6
- 7
- 8
- 10
- 11
- 13
- 14
- 15-18
- 2.1
- 3.1
- 4.1
- 5.1
- 6.1-3
|
|
|
|
- Metabolism: amino acid metabolism
- nucleotide enzymes
|
|
Purine metabolism |
Anabolism |
R5P→IMP: |
- Ribose-phosphate diphosphokinase
- Amidophosphoribosyltransferase
- Phosphoribosylglycinamide formyltransferase
- AIR synthetase (FGAM cyclase)
- Phosphoribosylaminoimidazole carboxylase
- Phosphoribosylaminoimidazolesuccinocarboxamide synthase
- IMP synthase
|
|
IMP→AMP: |
- Adenylosuccinate synthase
- Adenylosuccinate lyase
- reverse
|
|
IMP→GMP: |
- IMP dehydrogenase
- GMP synthase
- reverse
|
|
|
Nucleotide salvage |
- Hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase
- Adenine phosphoribosyltransferase
|
|
Catabolism |
- Adenosine deaminase
- Purine nucleoside phosphorylase
- Guanine deaminase
- Xanthine oxidase
- Urate oxidase
|
|
|
Pyrimidine metabolism |
Anabolism |
- CAD
- Carbamoyl phosphate synthase II
- Aspartate carbamoyltransferase
- Dihydroorotase
|
|
- Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase
- Orotidine 5'-phosphate decarboxylase/Uridine monophosphate synthetase
|
|
|
|
|
Catabolism |
- Dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase
- Dihydropyrimidinase/DPYS
- Beta-ureidopropionase/UPB1
|
|
|
Deoxyribonucleotides |
- Ribonucleotide reductase
- Nucleoside-diphosphate kinase
- DCMP deaminase
- Thymidylate synthase
- Dihydrofolate reductase
|
|
Index of inborn errors of metabolism
|
|
Description |
- Metabolism
- Enzymes and pathways: citric acid cycle
- pentose phosphate
- glycoproteins
- glycosaminoglycans
- phospholipid
- cholesterol and steroid
- sphingolipids
- eicosanoids
- amino acid
- urea cycle
- nucleotide
|
|
Disorders |
- Citric acid cycle and electron transport chain
- Glycoprotein
- Proteoglycan
- Fatty-acid
- Phospholipid
- Cholesterol and steroid
- Eicosanoid
- Amino acid
- Purine-pyrimidine
- Heme metabolism
- Symptoms and signs
|
|
Treatment |
|
|
|
UpToDate Contents
全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.
English Journal
- Differences in vascular endothelial growth factor receptor expression and correlation with the degree of enhancement in medulloblastoma.
- Hervey-Jumper SL1, Garton HJ, Lau D, Altshuler D, Quint DJ, Robertson PL, Muraszko KM, Maher CO.
- Journal of neurosurgery. Pediatrics.J Neurosurg Pediatr.2014 Jun 6:1-8. [Epub ahead of print]
- Object Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is the major proangiogenic factor in many solid tumors. Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) is expressed in abundance in pediatric patients with medulloblastoma and is associated with tumor metastasis, poor prognosis, and proliferation
- PMID 24905841
- Loss of Dopamine Phenotype Among Midbrain Neurons in Lesch-Nyhan Disease.
- Göttle M1, Prudente CN, Fu R, Sutcliffe D, Pang H, Cooper D, Veledar E, Glass JD, Gearing M, Visser JE, Jinnah HA.
- Annals of neurology.Ann Neurol.2014 Jun 3. doi: 10.1002/ana.24191. [Epub ahead of print]
- Objective. Lesch-Nyhan disease (LND) is caused by congenital deficiency of the purine recycling enzyme, hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGprt). Affected patients have a peculiar neurobehavioral syndrome linked with reductions of dopamine in the basal ganglia. The purpose of the curre
- PMID 24891139
- New mutation affecting hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase responsible for severe tophaceous gout.
- Lahaye C1, Augé F2, Soubrier M1, Ceballos-Picot I3.
- The Journal of rheumatology.J Rheumatol.2014 Jun;41(6):1252-4. doi: 10.3899/jrheum.131168.
- PMID 24882866
Japanese Journal
- 2′-Deoxycytidine Decreases the Anti-tumor Effects of 5-Fluorouracil on Mouse Myeloma Cells
- Iwazaki Ayano,Yoshioka Masanori
- Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin 33(6), 1024-1027, 2010
- … Here, we examined the effects of dCyd on the cytotoxicity of 5FU on mouse myeloma SP2/0-Ag14 (SP2/0) cells lacking hypoxanthine-guanine-phosphoribosyl transferase (HGPRT) and RH4 hybridomas with HGPRT under asynchronized conditions. …
- NAID 130000247973
- Genetic Variations in the HGPRT, ITPA, IMPDH1, IMPDH2, and GMPS Genes in Japanese Individuals
- KUDO Mutsumi,SAITO Yuka,SASAKI Takamitsu,AKASAKI Hitomi,YAMAGUCHI Yuri,UEHARA Moe,FUJIKAWA Kiyomi,ISHIKAWA Masaaki,HIRASAWA Noriyasu,HIRATSUKA Masahiro
- Drug metabolism and pharmacokinetics 24(6), 557-564, 2009-12-25
- NAID 10027119756
Related Links
- What Does Hgprt Stand For? Dictionary.com Word FAQs Dictionary.com presents 366 FAQs, incorporating some of the frequently asked questions from the past with newer queries. Differences Etymology/Origins Spelling Trivia ...
- HGPRT(ヒポキサンチン・グアニンホスホリボシルトランスフェラーゼ)という酵素はヒポキサンチンをIMPに、グアニンをGMP に変換する働きがある。 腫瘍細胞はあらかじめHGPRTを欠損させた変異株を使用するので、DNA合成はデノボ合成に ...
- HGPRT欠損症, 痛風及び精神神経症状を呈するX染色体性の遺伝性疾患である. 我々はすでにHGPRT完全欠損症について, その保菌者を確実に診断する方法を開発している. しかし, HGPRT部分欠損症については, いまだ確実に保菌者を診断 ...
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- syndrome, symptom-complex
- 同
- 症状群
- 関
- [[]]
- 成因や病理学的所見からではなく、複数の症候の組み合わせによって診断される診断名あるいは疾患。
内分泌
先天的代謝異常
高プロラクチン血症
- 分娩後の視床下部障害によるプロラクチン分泌抑制因子の分泌抑制のため、高プロラクチン血症を呈する。
- 分娩に関係なくプロラクチン分泌抑制因子の分泌抑制をきたし、高プロラクチン血症を呈する。
性腺機能低下
- 嗅覚の低下・脱出、低ゴナドトロピン性性腺機能低下症
- 肥満、網膜色素変性症、知能低下、低ゴナドトロピン性性器発育不全、多指症、低身長
性早熟
- 思春期早発症、多発性線維性骨異形成症、皮膚色素沈着
- 女性型の肥満、性器の発育障害の2主徴を示し、視床下部に器質的障害をもつ疾患群。
脳神経外科・神経内科
[★]
- 英
- hyperuricemia
- 同
- 尿酸過剰血症
- 関
- 尿酸 uric acid、血清尿酸、痛風
概念
- 尿酸の血漿中溶解度を考慮し、男女を問わず血清尿酸値7.0mg/dlを超える状態(医学事典)
病因
-
- von Gierke病
- 多血症、慢性骨髄性白血病 ← 乳酸過多による尿酸クリアランスの低下???、核酸分解産物の増加
- 続発性:利尿薬(サイアザイド系利尿薬、ループ利尿薬(フロセミド))
HIM.2445
-
ガイドライン
- http://www.tukaku.jp/tufu-GL2.pdf
治療
治療開始基準
- 腫瘍崩壊症候群の予防
- 無症候性持続性高尿酸血症(9mg/dl) ← これをトリガーにして治療するのは、ないわー、と言われている。
生活食事療法
回避すべき食習慣
- 肉(レバー、ホルモン、砂肝など)、魚類(エビ、カツオなど)、菓子パンの過剰摂取
- ビール、紹興酒など酒類: (禁酒週に2回。1日ビール500ml以下、日本酒1合以下、ウイスキー60ml以下
- 果糖/ジュースの採りすぎ
- カロリーの過剰摂取
尿酸を下げる食事
参考
- http://www.nmt.ne.jp/~nagioo/gout.htm
[★]
- 英
- hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase HGPRT
- 同
- ヒポキサンチングアニンホスホリボシルトランスフェラーゼ,ヒポキサンチン-グアニンホスホリボシルトランスフェラーゼ
- ヒポキサンチンホスホリボシルトランスフェラーゼ hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase, HPRT
- 関
- アデニンホスホリボシルトランスフェラーゼ APRT
- プリンヌクレオチド合成系路におけるサルベージ経路で機能する ⇔ de novo経路(リボース5-リン酸から始まるプリン合成系路)
- 以下の反応を触媒。
- ヒポキサンチン + PRPP ←(HGPRT)→ IMP + PPi
- グアニン + PRPP ←(HGPRT)→ GMP + PPi
- アデニン + PRPP ←(APRT)→ AMP + PPi
臨床関連
[★]
- 英
- Lesch-Nyhan syndrome LNS
- 同
- レッシュ・ナイハン病 Lesch-Nyhan disease LND、Lesch-Nyhan症候群、若年性高尿酸血症症候群 juvenile hyperuricemiasyndrome
- 関
- 先天性代謝異常症
<youtube v=Z6OzyXB24gc></youtube>
[★]
- 英
- nucleotide
- 関
- ヌクレオチド
- 核酸塩基+糖+リン酸
- ヌクレオシドの糖の部分に1個以上のリン酸基がエステル結合した物質
生合成
-
- アミノプテリンが途中の合成系路を阻害する ← モノクローナル抗体の作成における選抜に利用される (関:HAT培地)
-
- thymidine kinase(TK)が触媒
- hupoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyl transferase(HGPRT)が関与
[★]
ヒト・ゲノム計画 human genome project