alteration

• n.

• 変化、変更、変質

関

alter、change、deteriorate、deterioration、modification、modify、shift、turn、turn to、variation、variational

　 　

WordNet

1. the act of making something different (as e.g. the size of a garment) (同)modification, adjustment
2. to send or let go; "They turned away the crowd at the gate of the governors mansion"
3. (sports) a division during which one team is on the offensive (同)bout, round
4. pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become; "The weather turned nasty"; "She grew angry" (同)grow
5. become officially one year older; "She is turning 50 this year"
6. change color; "In Vermont, the leaves turn early"
7. a favor for someone; "he did me a good turn" (同)good turn
8. (game) the activity of doing something in an agreed succession; "it is my turn"; "it is still my play" (同)play
9. the act of changing or reversing the direction of the course; "he took a turn to the right" (同)turning
10. taking a short walk out and back; "we took a turn in the park"
11. the act of turning away or in the opposite direction; "he made an abrupt turn away from her"
12. an unforeseen development; "events suddenly took an awkward turn" (同)turn of events, twist
13. pass to the other side of; "turn the corner"; "move around the obstacle" (同)move around
14. let (something) fall or spill from a container; "turn the flour onto a plate" (同)release
15. cause to move around a center so as to show another side of; "turn a page of a book" (同)turn_over
16. accomplish by rotating; "turn a somersault"; "turn cartwheels"
17. alter the functioning or setting of; "turn the dial to 10"; "turn the heat down"
18. cause to change or turn into something different;assume new characteristics; "The princess turned the frog into a prince by kissing him"; "The alchemists tried to turn lead into gold"
19. cause to move along an axis or into a new direction; "turn your face to the wall"; "turn the car around"; "turn your dance partner around"
20. cause to move around or rotate; "turn a key"; "turn your palm this way"
21. change orientation or direction, also in the abstract sense; "Turn towards me"; "The mugger turned and fled before I could see his face"; "She turned from herself and learned to listen to others needs"
22. channel ones attention, interest, thought, or attention toward or away from something; "The pedophile turned to boys for satisfaction"; "people turn to mysticism at the turn of a millennium"
23. direct at someone; "She turned a smile on me"; "They turned their flashlights on the car"
24. get by buying and selling; "the company turned a good profit after a year"
25. move around an axis or a center; "The wheels are turning"
26. shape by rotating on a lathe or cutting device or a wheel; "turn the legs of the table"; "turn the clay on the wheel"
27. cause to change; make different; cause a transformation; "The advent of the automobile may have altered the growth pattern of the city"; "The discussion has changed my thinking about the issue" (同)alter, modify
28. become different in some particular way, without permanently losing ones or its former characteristics or essence; "her mood changes in accordance with the weather"; "The supermarkets selection of vegetables varies according to the season" (同)alter, vary
29. exchange or replace with another, usually of the same kind or category; "Could you convert my dollars into pounds?"; "He changed his name"; "convert centimeters into inches"; "convert holdings into shares" (同)exchange, commute, convert
30. a relational difference between states; especially between states before and after some event; "he attributed the change to their marriage"
31. change clothes; put on different clothes; "Change before you go to the opera"
32. coins of small denomination regarded collectively; "he had a pocketful of change"
33. money received in return for its equivalent in a larger denomination or a different currency; "he got change for a twenty and used it to pay the taxi driver"
34. remove or replace the coverings of; "Father had to learn how to change the baby"; "After each guest we changed the bed linens"
35. the balance of money received when the amount you tender is greater than the amount due; "I paid with a twenty and pocketed the change"
36. the result of alteration or modification; "there were marked changes in the lining of the lungs"; "there had been no change in the mountains"
37. undergo a change; become different in essence; losing ones or its original nature; "She changed completely as she grew older"; "The weather changed last night"
38. a different or fresh set of clothes; "she brought a change in her overnight bag"
39. a thing that is different; "he inspected several changes before selecting one"
40. the action of changing something; "the change of government had no impact on the economy"; "his change on abortion cost him the election"
41. an event that occurs when something passes from one state or phase to another; "the change was intended to increase sales"; "this storm is certainly a change for the worse"; "the neighborhood had undergone few modifications since his last visit years ago" (同)alteration, modification
42. use a shift key on a keyboard; "She could not shift so all her letters are written in lower case"
43. the time period during which you are at work (同)work shift, duty period
44. the act of moving from one place to another; "his constant shifting disrupted the class" (同)shifting
45. an event in which something is displaced without rotation (同)displacement
46. a crew of workers who work for a specific period of time
47. change place or direction; "Shift ones position" (同)dislodge, reposition
48. change gears; "you have to shift when you go down a steep hill"
49. change in quality; "His tone shifted"
50. change phonetically as part of a systematic historical change; "Grimm showed how the consonants shifted"
51. move and exchange for another; "shift the date for our class reunion"
52. move from one setting or context to another; "shift the emphasis"; "shift ones attention"
53. (astronomy) any perturbation of the mean motion or orbit of a planet or satellite (especially a perturbation of the earths moon)
54. the process of varying or being varied
55. an activity that varies from a norm or standard; "any variation in his routine was immediately reported" (同)variance
56. an artifact that deviates from a norm or standard; "he patented a variation on the sandal"
57. the act of changing or altering something slightly but noticeably from the norm or standard; "who is responsible for these variations in taxation?"
58. an instance of change; the rate or magnitude of change (同)fluctuation
59. a repetition of a musical theme in which it is modified or embellished
60. become worse or disintegrate; "His mind deteriorated"

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. (部分的な)変更,改造;服の寸法直し
2. …‘を'『回す』,回転させる / 〈角など〉‘を'『曲がる』,迂回(うかい)する / …‘を'『ひっくり返す』,裏返す / …‘の'『向きを変える』,‘を'方向転換させる / …‘を'向ける / …‘を'『変化させる』,変質(変色)させる / ‥‘を'行かせる,追い払う / 〈ある年齢・時刻・数量など〉‘を'越す,過ぎる / 《副詞[句]を伴って》‥‘を'乱す,めちゃめちゃにする / 〈胃〉‘を'むかつかせる;〈心・頭など〉‘を'混乱させる,狂わせる / …‘を'折る,曲げる,ねじる;〈足首〉‘を'くじく / …‘に'丸みをつける;(旋盤・ろくろで)…‘を'作る / …‘を'きれいに形作る;〈文・曲など〉‘を'うまく作る / 〈商品・資金〉‘を'回転させる;〈利益〉‘を'あげる / 〈土・畑など〉‘を'掘り返す(plow) / (何かを軸・中心にして)『回る』,回転する / (…に)『進路を変える』;〈道路などが〉(…に)曲がる;折れる;〈風などが〉(…に)向きを変える《+to(toward)+名》 / 〈人が〉(…に向かって)ふり向く《+toward+名》,(…から)そらす《+from+名》 / 〈人が〉ころがる,寝込りを打つ / 〈物が〉さかさになる,裏返しになる / (…に)心(注意など)を向ける《+to+名》;(…から)心(注意など)をそらす《+from+名》 / 変わる,なる / 〈木の葉などが〉変色する;〈牛乳などが〉変質する,腐敗する / 〈胃が〉むかつく;〈心・頭が〉混乱する,変になる;〈頭が〉ふらつく / 〈パイプなどが〉曲がる,たわむ / 〈C〉『回転』,回ること / 〈C〉『方向転換』,曲がること,折り返し / 〈C〉曲がり目;曲がり角,折り返し点 / 〈C〉《a turn》(状況などの)変化,転機;《the turn》(…の)変り目,転換期《+of+名》 / 〈C〉『順番』,番 / 〈C〉《a turn》一回りの散歩(ドライブ);一仕事 / 〈C〉行い,行為 / 《a turn》言い回し,言葉遣い / 〈C〉(…の)性向,気質;素質,才能《+『for』+『名』(do『ing』)》 / 〈C〉形,格好 / 〈C〉《話》(めまい・吐き気などの)発作《+of+名》 / 〈C〉《話》ショック,はっとすること / 〈C〉必要,急場 / 〈C〉見方,解釈;くふう,ひねり(twist) / 〈C〉《おもに英》(寄席などの)出し物,演芸
3. (…に)…'を'『変える』,改める《+『名』+『into』+『名』》 / …'を'『取り替える』,交換する / 〈小切手・為替〉'を'現金にする,〈金〉'を'両替えする;(…に)…'を'両替する《+『名』+『into』+『名』》 / (…に)『変わる』,変化する《+『to』(『into』)+『名』》 / (他の衣服に)着替える《+『into』+『名』》 / (…に)乗り換える《+『to』+『名』》 / 〈C〉(…の)『変化』,移り変わり,変遷《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈C〉(…の)『取り替え』,交換;乗り換え《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈U〉釣り銭,小銭
4. 〈人・場所・位置など〉‘を'『移し替える』,置き換える / …‘を'変える,取り替える / 〈自動車のギヤ〉‘を'入れ変える / (…へ)『変わる』,移る《+『to』+『名』》 / 車のギヤを変える;〈車が〉ギヤが入れ変わる・『変換』,転換;移動 / (仕事、作業の)『交替』,交替製;交替の組(人);交替時間 / (特に,自動車)変速装置 / やりくり[算段],一時しのぎの手段,便法;ずるい手段,策略 / シフトドレス(肩から腰までまっすぐした線のゆったりしたワンピース);スリップ
5. {U}『変化(変動)すること』 / {C}(個々の)変化;変化の量(程度) / {C}変形,変わり種;(生物の)変種 / {C}(…の)変奏曲《+on+名》
6. …‘を'悪化させる;…‘の'品質などを低下させる / 〈人格・品質・価値などが〉悪化する,低下する

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/04/01 15:36:40」(JST)

wiki ja

[Wiki ja表示]

「Alteration」
ZAQ の シングル
B面	ONE WAY ROAD!! Alteration -feel-
リリース	2013年1月23日
規格	マキシシングル
録音	2012年
ジャンル	A-POP（アニメソング）
時間	15分56秒
レーベル	GloryHeaven LASM-34153（初回限定盤） LASM-4153（通常盤）
作詞・作曲	ZAQ
チャート最高順位
週間25位（オリコン）
ZAQ シングル 年表
Sparkling Daydream （2012年） Alteration （2013年） 激情論 （2013年）

「Alteration」（オルタレーション）は、ZAQの2枚目のシングル。2013年1月23日にGloryHeavenから発売された。

概要

前作「Sparkling Daydream」から3ヶ月ぶりのリリースとなる2013年1作目のシングル。表題曲は、テレビアニメ『ささみさん@がんばらない』のオープニングテーマに起用された。販売形態は初回限定盤と通常盤の2種リリースで、前者には表題曲のPVを収めたDVDが同梱されている。

収録曲

（全作詞・作曲・編曲：ZAQ）

1. Alteration [3:55]

   テレビアニメ『ささみさん@がんばらない』オープニングテーマ

2. ONE WAY ROAD!! [4:00]
3. Alteration -feel- [4:03]
4. Alteration（off vocal）

DVD（初回限定盤のみ）

1. Alteration（Music Clip）

脚注

外部リンク

• ランティスによる紹介ページ
  • 初回限定盤
  • 通常盤

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

"Alteration" redirects here. For other uses, see Alteration (disambiguation).

In music, an altered chord, an example of alteration (see below), is a chord with one or more diatonic notes replaced by, or altered to, a neighboring pitch in the chromatic scale. For example the chord progression on the left uses four unaltered chords:

Unaltered chord progression.  Play 

Altered chord progression.  Play 

The progression on the right uses an altered IV chord and is an alteration of the previous progression. The A♭ in the altered chord serves as a leading tone to G, which is the root of the next chord.

Jazz

G7alt chord.  Play G7alt 

Altered chord on C with flat 5th, 7th, and 9th.  Play 

D♭7♯11 chord = G7alt chord  Play 

Tritone substitution and altered chord as, "nearly identical"  Play .

In jazz and jazz harmony, the term altered chord, notated as an alt chord (e.g. G7alt  Play ), refers to a dominant chord, "in which neither the fifth nor the ninth appears unaltered". – namely, where the 5th and the 9th are raised or lowered by a single semitone, or omitted. Altered chords are thus constructed using the following notes, some of which may be omitted:

• root
• 3
• ♭5 and/or ♯5
• ♭7
• ♭9 and/or ♯9

Altered chords may include both a flatted and sharped form of the altered fifth or ninth, e.g. G7♭5♯5♭9; however, it is more common to use only one such alteration per tone, e.g. G7♭5♭9, G7♭5♯9, G7♯5♭9, or G7♯5♯9.

The choice of inversion, or the omission of certain tones within the chord (e.g. omitting the root, common in guitar harmony), can lead to many different possible colorings, substitutions, and enharmonic equivalents. Altered chords are ambiguous harmonically, and may play a variety of roles, depending on such factors as voicing, modulation, and voice leading.

The altered chord's harmony is built off the altered scale, which includes all the alterations shown in the chord elements above:

• root
• ♭9 (=♭2)
• ♯9 (=♯2 or ♭3)
• 3
• ♯11 (=♯4 or ♭5)
• ♭13 (=♯5)
• ♭7

Altered chords can be analyzed as a kind of tritone substitution (♭5 substitution). Thus the alt chord on a given root is the same as the 7♯11 chord on the root a tritone away (e.g., G7alt is the same as D♭7♯11  Play ).

Altered chords are commonly substituted for regular dominant V chords in ii-V-I progressions, most commonly in minor harmony leading to an i7 (tonic minor 7th) chord.

More generally in jazz, the terms altered chord and altered tone also refer to the family of chords that involve ♭9 and ♭5 voicing, as well as to certain other chords with related ambiguous harmony. Thus the "7♭9 chord" (e.g. G7♭9) is used in the context of a dominant resolution to a major tonic, which is typically voiced with a ♮13 rather than the ♭13 of the alt chord. When voiced with a ♮13, jazz musicians typically play the half-step/whole-step diminished scale over the ♭9 chord (e.g. G, A♭, B♭, B, C♯, D, E, F over G7♭9).

Note that in chord substitution and comping, a 7♭9 is often used to replace a diminished chord, for which it may be the more "correct" substitution due to its incorporation of an appropriate root tone. Thus, in a progression where a diminished chord is written in place of a G7 chord, i.e. where the dominant chord is replaced by an A♭-dim (A♭-C♭-E = G♯-B-D), D-dim (D-F-A♭), B-dim (B-D-F), or F-dim (F-A♭-C♭ = F-G♯-B)), a G7♭9 is often played instead. G7♭9 (G-B-D-F-♭A) contains the same notes as any of these diminished chords with an added G root.

Alteration

Altered dominant chord in C major  V-I progression, unaltered dominant resolving to the tonic   Altered dominant played twice then resolved to the tonic .

In music, alteration, an example of chromaticism, is the use of a neighboring pitch in the chromatic scale in place of its diatonic neighbor such as in an altered chord. This should not be confused with borrowing (as in borrowed chord), in which pitches or chords from the parallel key are used in place of those of the original key. Altered notes may be used as leading tones to emphasize their diatonic neighbors. Contrast with chord extension: "Whereas chord extension generally involves adding notes that are logically implied, chord alteration involves changing some of the typical notes. This is usually done on dominant chords, and the four alterations that are commonly used are the ♭5, ♯5, ♭9 and ♯9. Using one (or more) of these notes in a resolving dominant chord greatly increases the bite in the chord and therefore the power of the resolution." "The more tension, the more powerful the resolution...we can pile that tension on to make the resolution really spectacular."

Dominant seventh flat five chord on C (C7^♭5).  Play 

The ♭9 chord is recommended for resolution to minor chords, for example VI7 to ii (G7♭9 to Cm7) in the I-vi-ii-V turnaround. The ♯9 chord is also known as the Purple Haze chord, is most often notated with the enharmonic equivalent ♭3, and is thus used with the blues. The 5 in a ♭5 chord is enharmonically equivalent to a ♯4 or ♯11, but the eleventh chord includes the ♮5 while in the flat chord it is replaced. The ♯5 chord is enharmonically equivalent to a ♭13, does not include the ♮5, and is more common than the ♭13 chord. Both the flat and sharp fifth resolve nicely to the natural ninth.

Example of an altered chord progression in jazz  Play .

In jazz, chromatic alteration is either the addition of "notes which are not diatonic to the given scale" or "the expansion of any given [chord] progression by adding extra nondiatonic chords". For example, "A C major scale with an added D♯ note, for instance, is a chromatically altered scale" while, "one bar of Cmaj7 moving to Fmaj7 in the next bar can be chromatically altered by adding the ii and V of Fmaj7 on the second two beats of bar" one. Techniques include the ii-V-I turnaround, as well as movement by half-step or minor third.

For example, an altered dominant or V chord may be G♭-B-D♯ (♭5 and ♯9).

Altered seventh chord

Augmented seventh chord on C.  Play 

Altered dominant seventh chord arising from voice leading in Chopin's Sonata, Op. 35.  Play 

The augmented fifth often appears in the soprano voice, as here in Franck's Symphonic Variations.  Play 

An altered seventh chord is a seventh chord with one, or all, of its factors raised or lowered by a semitone (altered), for example the augmented seventh chord (7+ or 7+5) featuring a raised fifth (C7+5: CEG♯B♭). Most likely the fifth, then the ninth, then the thirteenth.

In classical music, the raised fifth is more common than the lowered fifth, which in a dominant chord adds Phrygian flavor through the introduction of ♭. (for example, in C the dominant is G, its fifth is D, the second scale degree)

See also

• Bar-line shift
• Harmonic major scale
• Jazz minor scale
• Secondary dominant
• Tritone substitution

Sources

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Related Links

• ZAQ「Alteration」PV short ver. - YouTube

TVアニメ『ささみさん＠がんばらない』OPテーマ Alteration ZAQ(ザック) 2013年1月23日発売！ 初回限定盤 LASM-34153 税込価格¥1,800（税抜¥1,714） 通常盤 LASM-4153 定価¥1,300（税抜¥1,238）

• Alteration -ニコニコ動画:GINZA - niconico

ささみさんは引きこもり。着替えるのも、食事をするのも、がんばらない。生活の面倒を見るのは、奴隷体質のお兄ちゃん。今日も学校に出勤するお兄ちゃんを布団の中から... @ キモいシスコンかと思 ええええええwwwwwww なんだこのいえ ...

• Amazon.co.jp： Alteration(通常盤): 音楽

メディア掲載レビューほか歌手、アニソン・クリエイターのZAQ(ザック)が歌う、TVアニメ『ささみさん@がんばらない』のオープニング主題歌を収録したシングル。 (C)RS

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「deteriorate」「shift」「turn」「variation」「deterioration」
拡張検索	「morphological alteration」

「deteriorate」

　　[★]

(de-(悪化)+ -terior(より悪く) + -ate )より一層悪くする

• vi.

• 悪くなる、(～に)悪化する(into)。(道徳などが)低下する、堕落する。衰える

As the disease progresses and speech deteriorates communication may be helped by using computers.(病気が悪化し、発話が悪くなったとき、コンピュータの使用で会話は補助されうる)

• vt.

• (価値・品質など)を悪くする、悪化させる。～を悪化させる

対

(vt.)ameliorate

関

aggravate, aggravation, alter, alteration, deterioration, exacerbate, exacerbation, exaggerate, exaggeration, worsen

　 　

「shift」

　　[★]

• n.

• 変化、転換、移行、交替、シフト

• v.

• 変化する、移動する、変わる

関

alter、alteration、alternate、change、changeover、conversion、convert、diversion、entry、immigration、interconversion、migrate、move、movement、replacement、run、switch、switching、transfer、transit、transition、transitional、translocate、translocation、travel、turn、turn to、variation、variational、vary

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　

「turn」

　　[★]

• n.

• 回転、ターン、順番、変化

• v.

• 回転する、なる

関

alter、alteration、become、change、come、convolution、get、go、in turn、order、rank order、revolution、revolve、roll、rolling、rotate、rotation、rotatory、round、shift、turn to、turning、variation、variational

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　

「variation」

　　[★]

• 変動、バリエーション、差異、変化、変異、異形、変分

関

alter、alteration、change、difference、disparity、distinction、fluctuate、fluctuation、heteromorphic、heteromorphy、mutant、mutate、mutation、oscillate、shift、transmutation、turn、turn to、variance、variant、variational、vary

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　

「deterioration」

　　[★]

• n.

• 悪化、低下

There is even concern that rapid recovery of the platelet pool during treatment may explain subsequent deterioration in some patients's clinical course.(WCH.1559)

• 語源はLatinの'deterior'(=worse)

関

aggravate、aggravation、alter、alteration、dement、dementia、deteriorate、exacerbate、exacerbation、exaggerate、exaggeration、worsen

　 　 　

「morphological alteration」

　　[★]

• 形態変化

関

morphologic change、morphological change