mutant

• n.

• 突然変異株、突然変異体

　 　 　 　

WordNet

1. tending to undergo or resulting from mutation; "a mutant gene"
2. an animal that has undergone mutation
3. (biology) an organism that has characteristics resulting from chromosomal alteration (同)mutation, variation, sport
4. (astronomy) any perturbation of the mean motion or orbit of a planet or satellite (especially a perturbation of the earths moon)
5. the process of varying or being varied
6. an activity that varies from a norm or standard; "any variation in his routine was immediately reported" (同)variance
7. an artifact that deviates from a norm or standard; "he patented a variation on the sandal"
8. the act of changing or altering something slightly but noticeably from the norm or standard; "who is responsible for these variations in taxation?"
9. an instance of change; the rate or magnitude of change (同)fluctuation
10. a repetition of a musical theme in which it is modified or embellished
11. exhibiting variation and change; "letters variant in size"
12. differing from a norm or standard; "a variant spelling"
13. an act that changes the form or character or substance of something (同)transubstantiation
14. (physics) the change of one chemical element into another (as by nuclear decay or radioactive bombardment); "the transmutation of base metals into gold proved to be impossible"
15. undergo mutation; "cells mutate"
16. a gene that has changed so that the normal transmission and expression of a trait is affected

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. 突然変異種(堤)
2. {U}『変化(変動)すること』 / {C}(個々の)変化;変化の量(程度) / {C}変形,変わり種;(生物の)変種 / {C}(…の)変奏曲《+on+名》
3. (同種のものと)異なった,別の / 異形;(同じ単語の)異なったつづり(発音など)
4. 変化,変形,変質 / (物理学で)変換
5. 変化する / 変種を生じる / 〈言語が〉雑音変異する / …‘を'変化させる

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/03/23 21:14:30」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

For other uses, see Mutant (disambiguation).

The blue lobster is an example of a mutant.

Wild-type Physcomitrella and knockout mosses: Deviating phenotypes induced in gene-disruption library transformants. Physcomitrella wild-type and transformed plants were grown on minimal Knop medium to induce differentiation and development of gametophores. For each plant, an overview (upper row, scale bar corresponds to 1 mm) and a close-up (bottom row, scale bar equals 0.5 mm) is shown. A, Haploid wild-type moss plant completely covered with leafy gametophores and close-up of wild-type leaf. B-D, Different Mutants.

In biology and especially genetics, a mutant is an individual, organism, or new genetic character, arising or resulting from an instance of mutation, which is a base-pair sequence change within the DNA of a gene or chromosome of an organism resulting in the creation of a new character or trait not found in the wild type. The natural occurrence of genetic mutations is integral to the process of evolution. The study of mutants is an integral part of biology; by understanding the effect that a mutation in a gene has, it is possible to establish the normal function of that gene.

In some organisms mutants can be created by gene targeting to assess the function of any given gene. This experimental approach is called reverse genetics. For example, a collection of knockout-moss mutants can be used to identify genes with so far unknown functions.

Etymology

Although not all mutations have a noticeable phenotypic effect, the common usage of the word "mutant" is generally a pejorative term only used for noticeable mutations. Previously, people used the word "sport" (related to spurt) to refer to abnormal specimens. The scientific usage is broader, referring to any organism differing from the wild type.

Mutants should not be confused with organisms born with developmental abnormalities, which are caused by errors during morphogenesis. In a developmental abnormality, the DNA of the organism is unchanged and the abnormality cannot be passed on to progeny. Conjoined twins are the result of developmental abnormalities.

Chemicals that cause developmental abnormalities are called teratogens; these may also cause mutations, but their effect on development is not related to mutations. Chemicals that induce mutations are called mutagens. Most mutagens are also considered to be carcinogens.

References

External links

• Antennapedia mutant

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

• 1. ハンチントン病：遺伝学と病因 huntington disease genetics and pathogenesis
• 2. Classification and pathologic diagnosis of gliomas
• 3. ヘモグロビン変異の概要 introduction to hemoglobin mutations
• 4. Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma
• 5. 先天性および後天性鉄芽球性貧血の原因 causes of congenital and acquired sideroblastic anemias

English Journal

• Characterization of the glucansucrase GTF180 W1065 mutant enzymes producing polysaccharides and oligosaccharides with altered linkage composition.

• Meng X1, Pijning T2, Tietema M3, Dobruchowska JM4, Yin H5, Gerwig GJ6, Kralj S7, Dijkhuizen L8.
• Food chemistry.Food Chem.2017 Feb 15;217:81-90. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.08.087. Epub 2016 Aug 24.
• Exopolysaccharides produced by lactic acid bacteria are extensively used for food applications. Glucansucrase enzymes of lactic acid bacteria use sucrose to catalyze the synthesis of α-glucans with different linkage compositions, size and physico-chemical properties. Crystallographic studies of GTF
• PMID 27664611

• Prostaglandin E2-Dependent Phosphorylation of RAS Inhibition 1 (RIN1) at Ser 291 and 292 Inhibits Transforming Growth Factor-β-Induced RAS Activation Pathway in Human Synovial Fibroblasts: Role in Cell Migration.

• Gerarduzzi C1,2, He Q3, Zhai B4, Antoniou J5, Di Battista JA3.
• Journal of cellular physiology.J Cell Physiol.2017 Jan;232(1):202-15. doi: 10.1002/jcp.25412. Epub 2016 May 26.
• Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2 )-stimulated G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) activation inhibits pro-fibrotic TGFβ-dependent stimulation of human fibroblast to myofibroblast transition (FMT), though the precise molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. In the present study, we describe the PGE2 -depe
• PMID 27137893

• Development and Use of a Novel Random Mutagenesis Method: In Situ Error-Prone PCR (is-epPCR).

• Shao W1, Ma K2, Le Y2, Wang H2, Sha C2.
• Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.).Methods Mol Biol.2017;1498:497-506.
• Directed evolution methods are increasingly needed to improve gene and protein properties. Error-prone PCR is the most efficient method to introduce random mutations by reducing the fidelity of the DNA polymerase. However, a highly efficient process is required for constructing and screening a diver
• PMID 27709598

• An In Vitro Single-Primer Site-Directed Mutagenesis Method for Use in Biotechnology.

• Huang Y1, Zhang L2.
• Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.).Methods Mol Biol.2017;1498:375-383.
• Site-directed mutagenesis is a powerful method to introduce mutation(s) into DNA sequences. A number of methods have been developed over the years with a main goal being to create a high number of mutant genes. The single-mutagenic primer method for site-directed mutagenesis is the most direct metho
• PMID 27709590

Japanese Journal

• A pqr2 mutant encodes a defective polyamine transporter and is negatively affected by ABA for paraquat resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana

• Journal of plant research 129(5), 899-907, 2016-09
• NAID 40020924822

• Tyrosine phosphorylation and protein degradation control the transcriptional activity of WRKY involved in benzylisoquinoline alkaloid biosynthesis

• Scientific Reports 6, 2016-08-24
• NAID 120005829416

• 虹色素胞による青い光沢を有するメダカの体色変異体

• 日本水産学会誌 82(4), 628-630, 2016-07
• NAID 40020923011

• Web application for genetic modification flux with database to estimate metabolic fluxes of genetic mutants

• Journal of bioscience and bioengineering 122(1), 111-116, 2016-07
• NAID 40020886002

Related Links

• Mutant Label

MUTANT LABELのウェブサイトです。 Infomation Garally Online MUTANT LABELのウェブサイトです。 Infomation Garally Online ...

• サウンド素材集の一元管理フリーソフト | SONICWIRE - MUTANT

サウンド素材の効率的な一元管理のためのソフトウェア『MUTANT』（ミュータント）のダウンロードページです。MUTANTは、HDDに点在して管理されている膨大なサウンド素材を簡単かつ素早く、効率的に一元管理するために生み出された ...

• MUTANT | MUTANT MASS | Muscle Bodybuilding Supplements

The scientifically advanced MUTANT supplements provide bodybuilders with the nutrients they need to make rapid gains lean muscle mass, strength and power ... Creatine works. There are over 300 studies proving that after protein ...

Related Pictures

---

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「variation」「variant」「variational」「mutate」「突然変異体」
拡張検索	「dominant-negative mutant」「mutant allele」「mutant rat strain」「mutant background」「cell division cycle mutant」

「variation」

　　[★]

• 変動、バリエーション、差異、変化、変異、異形、変分

関

alter、alteration、change、difference、disparity、distinction、fluctuate、fluctuation、heteromorphic、heteromorphy、mutant、mutate、mutation、oscillate、shift、transmutation、turn、turn to、variance、variant、variational、vary

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　

「variant」

　　[★]

• 変異体、変異形、変異株、変種、バリアント、変異の、異型の、異なる

関

atypical、atypism、differ、different、disparate、dissimilar、distinct、meta、mutant、mutate、mutation、off-type、transmutation、variation、variational、variety、vary

　 　 　

「variational」

　　[★]

• adj.

• 変異の、変化のある

関

alter、alteration、change、mutant、mutate、mutation、shift、transmutation、turn、turn to、variant、variation

「mutate」

　　[★]

• v.

• 変異する、突然変異する、変異導入する

関

discontinuous variation、mutant、mutation、transmutation、variant、variation、variational

　 　

「突然変異体」

　　[★]

英

mutant

関

突然変異種、変異、変異株、変異体、ミュータント、突然変異株

「dominant-negative mutant」

　　[★]

• ドミナントネガティブ変異体、ドミナントネガティブ体、ドミナントネガティブ変異型、ドミナントネガティブ型変異体

関

dominant-negative form

「mutant allele」

　　[★]

• 変異誘発遺伝子、突然変異遺伝子

関

mutator gene

「mutant rat strain」

　　[★]

• 変異ラット系統、変異ラット種

「mutant background」

　　[★]

変異体バックグラウンド

「cell division cycle mutant」

　　[★] 細胞分裂周期突然変異株