turning

• 回転

関

convolution、revolution、revolve、roll、rolling、rotate、rotation、rotatory、round、turn

　 　 　 　 　 　

WordNet

1. act of changing in practice or custom; "the law took many turnings over the years"
2. the activity of shaping something on a lathe
3. the end-product created by shaping something on a lathe
4. a movement in a new direction; "the turning of the wind" (同)turn
5. a shaving created when something is produced by turning it on a lathe
6. the act of robbing a helpless person; "he was charged with rolling drunks in the park"
7. to send or let go; "They turned away the crowd at the gate of the governors mansion"
8. (sports) a division during which one team is on the offensive (同)bout, round
9. pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become; "The weather turned nasty"; "She grew angry" (同)grow
10. become officially one year older; "She is turning 50 this year"
11. change color; "In Vermont, the leaves turn early"
12. a favor for someone; "he did me a good turn" (同)good turn
13. (game) the activity of doing something in an agreed succession; "it is my turn"; "it is still my play" (同)play
14. the act of changing or reversing the direction of the course; "he took a turn to the right" (同)turning
15. taking a short walk out and back; "we took a turn in the park"
16. the act of turning away or in the opposite direction; "he made an abrupt turn away from her"
17. an unforeseen development; "events suddenly took an awkward turn" (同)turn of events, twist
18. pass to the other side of; "turn the corner"; "move around the obstacle" (同)move around
19. let (something) fall or spill from a container; "turn the flour onto a plate" (同)release
20. cause to move around a center so as to show another side of; "turn a page of a book" (同)turn_over
21. accomplish by rotating; "turn a somersault"; "turn cartwheels"
22. alter the functioning or setting of; "turn the dial to 10"; "turn the heat down"
23. cause to change or turn into something different;assume new characteristics; "The princess turned the frog into a prince by kissing him"; "The alchemists tried to turn lead into gold"
24. cause to move along an axis or into a new direction; "turn your face to the wall"; "turn the car around"; "turn your dance partner around"
25. cause to move around or rotate; "turn a key"; "turn your palm this way"
26. change orientation or direction, also in the abstract sense; "Turn towards me"; "The mugger turned and fled before I could see his face"; "She turned from herself and learned to listen to others needs"
27. channel ones attention, interest, thought, or attention toward or away from something; "The pedophile turned to boys for satisfaction"; "people turn to mysticism at the turn of a millennium"
28. direct at someone; "She turned a smile on me"; "They turned their flashlights on the car"
29. get by buying and selling; "the company turned a good profit after a year"
30. move around an axis or a center; "The wheels are turning"
31. shape by rotating on a lathe or cutting device or a wheel; "turn the legs of the table"; "turn the clay on the wheel"
32. pronounce with a roll, of the phoneme /r/; "She rolls her rs"
33. show certain properties when being rolled; "The carpet rolls unevenly"; "dried-out tobacco rolls badly" (同)roll_up
34. execute a roll, in tumbling; "The gymnasts rolled and jumped"
35. shape by rolling; "roll a cigarette"
36. take the shape of a roll or cylinder; "the carpet rolled out"; "Yarn rolls well"
37. the act of rolling something (as the ball in bowling) (同)bowl
38. a flight maneuver; aircraft rotates about its longitudinal axis without changing direction or losing altitude
39. anything rolled up in cylindrical form
40. photographic film rolled up inside a container to protect it from light
41. walking with a swaying gait
42. a list of names; "his name was struck off the rolls" (同)roster
43. cause to move by turning over or in a circular manner of as if on an axis; "She rolled the ball"; "They rolled their eyes at his words" (同)revolve
44. move by turning over or rotating; "The child rolled down the hill"; "turn over on your left side" (同)turn_over
45. occur in soft rounded shapes; "The hills rolled past" (同)undulate
46. move in a wavy pattern or with a rising and falling motion; "The curtains undulated"; "the waves rolled towards the beach" (同)undulate, flap, wave
47. move about aimlessly or without any destination, often in search of food or employment; "The gypsies roamed the woods"; "roving vagabonds"; "the wandering Jew"; "The cattle roam across the prairie"; "the laborers drift from one town to the next"; "They rolled from town to town" (同)wander, swan, stray, tramp, roam, cast, ramble, rove, range, drift, vagabond
48. begin operating or running; "The cameras were rolling"; "The presses are already rolling"
49. emit, produce, or utter with a deep prolonged reverberating sound; "The thunder rolled"; "rolling drums"
50. move, rock, or sway from side to side; "The ship rolled on the heavy seas"
51. wind around; move along a circular course; "round the bend"
52. become round, plump, or shapely; "The young woman is fleshing out" (同)flesh out, fill out
53. make round; "round the edges" (同)round_out, round_off
54. the usual activities in your day; "the doctor made his rounds" (同)daily round
55. a charge of ammunition for a single shot (同)unit of ammunition, one shot
56. (often plural) a series of professional calls (usually in a set order); "the doctor goes on his rounds first thing every morning"; "the postmans rounds"; "we enjoyed our round of the local bars"
57. a serving to each of a group (usually alcoholic); "he ordered a second round" (同)round of drinks
58. a partsong in which voices follow each other; one voice starts and others join in one after another until all are singing different parts of the song at the same time; "they enjoyed singing rounds" (同)troll
59. a cut of beef between the rump and the lower leg
60. an outburst of applause; "there was a round of applause"
61. the course along which communications spread; "the story is going the rounds in Washington"
62. from beginning to end; throughout; "It rains all year round on Skye"; "frigid weather the year around" (同)around
63. having a circular shape (同)circular
64. pronounce with rounded lips (同)labialize, labialise
65. (mathematics) expressed to the nearest integer, ten, hundred, or thousand; "in round numbers"
66. (mathematics) a transformation in which the coordinate axes are rotated by a fixed angle about the origin
67. the act of rotating as if on an axis; "the rotation of the dancer kept time with the music" (同)rotary motion
68. a planned recurrent sequence (of crops or personnel etc.); "crop rotation makes a balanced demand on the fertility of the soil"; "the manager had only four starting pitchers in his rotation"
69. a single complete turn (axial or orbital); "the plane made three rotations before it crashed"; "the revolution of the earth about the sun takes one year" (同)revolution, gyration
70. perform a job or duty on a rotating basis; "Interns have to rotate for a few months"
71. plant or grow in a fixed cyclic order of succession; "We rotate the crops so as to maximize the use of the soil"
72. cause to turn on an axis or center; "Rotate the handle" (同)circumvolve
73. exchange on a regular basis; "We rotate the lead soprano every night"
74. tending to return to an earlier state (同)reverting
75. tending to be turned back (同)reversive
76. the official in each electorate who holds the election and returns the results

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. (…への)曲がり角《+to+名》
2. 転がり,回転;転がすこと / (波の)大きなうねり;(土地の)起伏 / (船の)横揺れ / (雷の)とどろき / (ローラーによる)地ならし / 転がる;ぐるっと回る / よろめく / 《名詞の前にのみ用いて》(波など)うねっている;(土地が)起伏している / 横揺れする / とどろく
3. …‘を'『回す』,回転させる / 〈角など〉‘を'『曲がる』,迂回(うかい)する / …‘を'『ひっくり返す』,裏返す / …‘の'『向きを変える』,‘を'方向転換させる / …‘を'向ける / …‘を'『変化させる』,変質(変色)させる / ‥‘を'行かせる,追い払う / 〈ある年齢・時刻・数量など〉‘を'越す,過ぎる / 《副詞[句]を伴って》‥‘を'乱す,めちゃめちゃにする / 〈胃〉‘を'むかつかせる;〈心・頭など〉‘を'混乱させる,狂わせる / …‘を'折る,曲げる,ねじる;〈足首〉‘を'くじく / …‘に'丸みをつける;(旋盤・ろくろで)…‘を'作る / …‘を'きれいに形作る;〈文・曲など〉‘を'うまく作る / 〈商品・資金〉‘を'回転させる;〈利益〉‘を'あげる / 〈土・畑など〉‘を'掘り返す(plow) / (何かを軸・中心にして)『回る』,回転する / (…に)『進路を変える』;〈道路などが〉(…に)曲がる;折れる;〈風などが〉(…に)向きを変える《+to(toward)+名》 / 〈人が〉(…に向かって)ふり向く《+toward+名》,(…から)そらす《+from+名》 / 〈人が〉ころがる,寝込りを打つ / 〈物が〉さかさになる,裏返しになる / (…に)心(注意など)を向ける《+to+名》;(…から)心(注意など)をそらす《+from+名》 / 変わる,なる / 〈木の葉などが〉変色する;〈牛乳などが〉変質する,腐敗する / 〈胃が〉むかつく;〈心・頭が〉混乱する,変になる;〈頭が〉ふらつく / 〈パイプなどが〉曲がる,たわむ / 〈C〉『回転』,回ること / 〈C〉『方向転換』,曲がること,折り返し / 〈C〉曲がり目;曲がり角,折り返し点 / 〈C〉《a turn》(状況などの)変化,転機;《the turn》(…の)変り目,転換期《+of+名》 / 〈C〉『順番』,番 / 〈C〉《a turn》一回りの散歩(ドライブ);一仕事 / 〈C〉行い,行為 / 《a turn》言い回し,言葉遣い / 〈C〉(…の)性向,気質;素質,才能《+『for』+『名』(do『ing』)》 / 〈C〉形,格好 / 〈C〉《話》(めまい・吐き気などの)発作《+of+名》 / 〈C〉《話》ショック,はっとすること / 〈C〉必要,急場 / 〈C〉見方,解釈;くふう,ひねり(twist) / 〈C〉《おもに英》(寄席などの)出し物,演芸
4. 〈球などが〉『転がる』,転がって行く;〈車輪などが〉回る / 〈車が〉『動く』,進む / 〈人・動物などが〉『転がり回る』 / 〈波などが〉うねる,〈煙などが〉漂う,立ち上る / 〈時が〉過ぎ去る《+『by』(『away』)》 / 〈目が〉ぐるぐる回る / 〈船などが〉横ゆれする / 〈雷・太鼓などが〉ごろごろ鳴る,とどろく / 《話》始める(start) / 〈球など〉‘を'『転がす』;〈車輪など〉‘を'回転させる / 〈車など〉‘を'転がせる;〈家具など〉‘を'ころで動かす,転がして運ぶ / …‘を'『丸める』,巻く《+『up』+『名,』+『名』+『up』》 / (…に)…‘を'包む,くるむ《+『名』+『up in』+『名』》 / (ローラーなどで)…‘を'伸ばす,平らにする《+『out』+『名,』+『名』+『out』》 / 〈船・航空機など〉‘を'横揺れさせる / 〈r音など〉‘を'巻舌で発音する / 〈目〉‘を'ぐるぐる回す,きょろりとさせる / 〈さいころ〉‘を'投げる / 《米俗》〈酔っぱらいなど〉‘から'盗む(rob) / (球形・円筒形に)『巻いた物』,巻物;(…の)一巻き《+『of』+『名』》 / 名簿,出席簿;目録 / (…の)丸いかたまり《+『of』+『名』》 / (食事用の)ロールパン / 巻き肉;巻き菓子(ロールカステラなど) / (船などの)横揺れ / (雷・太鼓などの)ごろごろいう音,とどろき / =roller・転がり,回転
5. …『を[ぐるっと]回って』,を一周して / …『を曲がって』 / …『の周囲に』,を取り巻いて / …『のあちこちに』,の辺りに / …『ころ』 / (ぐるりと)回って,巡って / 周囲が(に) / あちこち[に],方々[に];行き渡って / 回り道して / (ある場所へ)回って / 『球状の』,丸い / (タイヤ・輪のように)円形の,丸い / (断面の丸い)円筒(円錐)形の / (肩・筆跡などが)丸みのある,丸々とした / 《名詞の前にのみ用いて》(数量が)完全の,ちょうどの / 『丸い物』;円,輪;球,円筒形 / (中心・軸をまわる)『回転』,(天体の)回転運動 / 《しばしば複数形で》(職務上などの)巡回,見回り / 《単数形で》(行い・でき事の一つの)連続;繰り返り;(…が)ひとしきり続くこと《+『of』+『名』》 / (ボクシングの一勝負の中の)『ラウンド』,回,(ゴルフデ全部のホールを回る)ラウンド,(カードゲームの)一回り / 輪唱 / (銃砲の)1回の射撃,一斉射撃 / (射撃用弾薬の)1回分 / (牛のもも肉の)丸切り,(パンの)丸切り《+『of』+『名』》 / 輪舞,円舞 / …‘を'『丸くする』,‘に'丸みをつける / …‘を'『回る』,曲がる / 〈端数をもつ数字〉‘を'端数を切り捨てて(概数で)表す《+『down』+『名』+『to』+『名』》 / …‘を'完成する,仕上げる / …‘を'くちびるを丸くして発音する / 『丸くなる』 / 回る,曲る / 完成する
6. 〈U〉〈C〉回転 / 〈U〉〈C〉(地球・天体の)自転 / 〈U〉循環;交替;(作物の)輪作
7. 『回転する』 / 循環する,交替する / …‘を'回転させる / …‘を'循環させる / 〈人〉‘を'交替で服務させる

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/09/05 00:27:08」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

Not to be confused with Turing.

This article is about the machining operation. For the generic use of the word, see rotating.

Roughing, or rough turning

Parting aluminum

Finish turning

Turning is a machining process in which a cutting tool, typically a non-rotary tool bit, describes a helical toolpath by moving more or less linearly while the workpiece rotates. The tool's axes of movement may be literally a straight line, or they may be along some set of curves or angles, but they are essentially linear (in the nonmathematical sense). Usually the term "turning" is reserved for the generation of external surfaces by this cutting action, whereas this same essential cutting action when applied to internal surfaces (that is, holes, of one kind or another) is called "boring". Thus the phrase "turning and boring" categorizes the larger family of (essentially similar) processes. The cutting of faces on the workpiece (that is, surfaces perpendicular to its rotating axis), whether with a turning or boring tool, is called "facing", and may be lumped into either category as a subset.

Turning can be done manually, in a traditional form of lathe, which frequently requires continuous supervision by the operator, or by using an automated lathe which does not. Today the most common type of such automation is computer numerical control, better known as CNC. (CNC is also commonly used with many other types of machining besides turning.)

When turning, a piece of relatively rigid material (such as wood, metal, plastic, or stone) is rotated and a cutting tool is traversed along 1, 2, or 3 axes of motion to produce precise diameters and depths. Turning can be either on the outside of the cylinder or on the inside (also known as boring) to produce tubular components to various geometries. Although now quite rare, early lathes could even be used to produce complex geometric figures, even the platonic solids; although since the advent of CNC it has become unusual to use non-computerized toolpath control for this purpose.

The turning processes are typically carried out on a lathe, considered to be the oldest machine tools, and can be of four different types such as straight turning, taper turning, profiling or external grooving. Those types of turning processes can produce various shapes of materials such as straight, conical, curved, or grooved workpiece. In general, turning uses simple single-point cutting tools. Each group of workpiece materials has an optimum set of tools angles which have been developed through the years.

The bits of waste metal from turning operations are known as chips (North America), or swarf (Britain). In some areas they may be known as turnings.

Turning operations

Turning specific operations include:

Turning

Turning

This operation is one of the most basic machining processes. That is, the part is rotated while a single point cutting tool is moved parallel to the axis of rotation. Turning can be done on the external surface of the part as well as internally (boring). The starting material is generally a workpiece generated by other processes such as casting, forging, extrusion, or drawing.

Tapered turning 

a) from the compound slide b) from taper turning attachment c) using a hydraulic copy attachment d) using a C.N.C. lathe e) using a form tool f) by the offsetting of the tailstock - this method more suited for shallow tapers.

Spherical generation 

The proper expression for making or turning a shape is to generate as in to generate a form around a fixed axis of revolution. a) using hydraulic copy attachment b) C.N.C. (computerised numerically controlled) lathe c) using a form tool (a rough and ready method) d) using bed jig (need drawing to explain).

Hard turning 

Hard turning is a turning done on materials with a Rockwell C hardness greater than 45. It is typically performed after the workpiece is heat treated.

The process is intended to replace or limit traditional grinding operations. Hard turning, when applied for purely stock removal purposes, competes favorably with rough grinding. However, when it is applied for finishing where form and dimension are critical, grinding is superior. Grinding produces higher dimensional accuracy of roundness and cylindricity. In addition, polished surface finishes of Rz=0.3-0.8z cannot be achieved with hard turning alone. Hard turning is appropriate for parts requiring roundness accuracy of 0.5-12 micrometres, and/or surface roughness of Rz 0.8–7.0 micrometres. It is used for gears, injection pump components, hydraulic components, among other applications.

Facing

Facing

Facing in the context of turning work involves moving the cutting tool at right angles to the axis of rotation of the rotating workpiece. This can be performed by the operation of the cross-slide, if one is fitted, as distinct from the longitudinal feed (turning). It is frequently the first operation performed in the production of the workpiece, and often the last—hence the phrase "ending up".

Parting

This process, also called parting off or cutoff, is used to create deep grooves which will remove a completed or part-complete component from its parent stock.

Grooving

External grooving

Face grooving

Grooving is like parting, except that grooves are cut to a specific depth instead of severing a completed/part-complete component from the stock. Grooving can be performed on internal and external surfaces, as well as on the face of the part (face grooving or trepanning).

Non-specific operations include:

Boring 

Enlarging or smoothing an existing hole created by drilling, moulding etc.i.e. the machining of internal cylindrical forms (generating) a) by mounting workpiece to the spindle via a chuck or faceplate b) by mounting workpiece onto the cross slide and placing cutting tool into the chuck. This work is suitable for castings that are too awkward to mount in the face plate. On long bed lathes large workpiece can be bolted to a fixture on the bed and a shaft passed between two lugs on the workpiece and these lugs can be bored out to size. A limited application but one that is available to the skilled turner/machinist.

Drilling 

is used to remove material from the inside of a workpiece. This process utilizes standard drill bits held stationary in the tail stock or tool turret of the lathe.

Knurling

Knurling 

The cutting of a serrated pattern onto the surface of a part to use as a hand grip using a special purpose knurling tool.

Reaming

The sizing operation that removes a small amount of metal from a hole already drilled.

Threading 

Both standard and non-standard screw threads can be turned on a lathe using an appropriate cutting tool. (Usually having a 60, or 55° nose angle) Either externally, or within a bore. Generally referred to as single-point threading.

tapping of threaded nuts and holes a) using hand taps and tailstock centre b)using a tapping device with a slipping clutch to reduce risk of breakage of the tap.

threading operations include a)all types of external and internal thread forms using a single point tool also taper threads, double start threads, multi start threads, worms as used in worm wheel reduction boxes, leadscrew with single or multistart threads. b) by the use of threading boxes fitted with 4 form tools, up to 2" diameter threads but it is possible to find larger boxes than this.

Polygonal turning

in which non-circular forms are machined without interrupting the rotation of the raw material.

Lathes

Main article: Lathe

A lathe is a machine tool used principally for shaping pieces of metal, wood, or other materials by causing the workpiece to be held and rotated by the lathe while a tool bit is advanced into the work causing the cutting action. Lathes can be divided into three types for easy identification: engine lathe, turret lathe, and special purpose lathes. Some smaller ones are bench mounted and semi-portable. The larger lathes are floor mounted and may require special transportation if they must be moved. Field and maintenance shops generally use a lathe that can be adapted to many operations and that is not too large to be moved from one work site to another. The engine lathe is ideally suited for this purpose. A trained operator can accomplish more machining jobs with the engine lathe than with any other machine tool. Turret lathes and special purpose lathes are usually used in production or job shops for mass production or specialized parts, while basic engine lathes are usually used for any type of lathe work.

Workholding methods

Collets

• Chuck: Chucks are a very common workholding method. There are many types, some for round and square stock, and other for irregular shapes.
• Collet: Primarily used for small round workpieces.
• Faceplate: A faceplate, drive dog, and mandrel may be used to turn workpieces such as gear blanks.
• Drive center: Use hydraulic or spring-loaded teeth that "bite" into the end of workpieces and can be used when the entire length of the workpiece must be machined.

Tooling

Main article: Tool bit

The various angles, shapes, and sizes of a single-point cutting tool have direct relation to the resulting surface of a workpiece in machining operations. Different types of angle such as rake angle, side rake angle, cutting-edge angle, relief angle, nose radius exist and may be different with respect to the workpiece. Also, there are many shapes of single-point cutting tools, such as V-shaped and Square. Usually, a special toolholder is used to hold the cutting tool firmly during operation.

Dynamics of turning

Forces

The relative forces in a turning operation are important in the design of machine tools. The machine tool and its components must be able to withstand these forces without causing significant deflections, vibrations, or chatter during the operation. There are three principal forces during a turning process:

• The cutting or tangential force acts downward on the tool tip allowing deflection of the workpiece upward. It supplies the energy required for the cutting operation.
• The axial or feed force acts in the longitudinal direction. It is also called the feed force because it is in the feed direction of the tool. This force tends to push the tool away from the chuck.
• The radial or thrust force acts in the radial direction and tends to push the tool away from the workpiece.

Speeds and feeds

Speeds and feeds for turning are chosen based on cutter material, workpiece material, setup rigidity, machine tool rigidity and spindle power, coolant choice, and other factors.

See also

• Hard turning
• Surface feet per minute
• Woodturning

References

External links

• "Lathe Introduction". Archived from the original on 2010-01-08. Retrieved 2010-01-08. 
• Schneider, George. "Turning Tools and Operations." American Machinist, January, 2010.

• Buhl Fijnmetaalbewerking

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• Filigheddu N, Sampietro S, Chianale F, Porporato PE, Gaggianesi M, Gregnanin I, Rainero E, Ferrara M, Perego B, Riboni F, Baldanzi G, Graziani A, Surico N.AbstractIncreased levels of endogenous and/or exogenous estrogens are one of the well known risk factors of endometrial cancer. Diacylglycerol kinases (DGKs) are a family of enzymes which phosphorylate diacylglycerol (DAG) to produce phosphatidic acid (PA), thus turning off and on DAG-mediated and PA-mediated signaling pathways, respectively. DGK α activity is stimulated by growth factors and oncogenes and is required for chemotactic, proliferative, and angiogenic signaling in vitro. Herein, using either specific siRNAs or the pharmacological inhibitor R59949, we demonstrate that DGK α activity is required for 17-β-estradiol (E2)-induced proliferation, motility, and anchorage-independent growth of Hec-1A endometrial cancer cell line. Impairment of DGK α activity also influences basal cell proliferation and growth in soft agar of Hec-1A, while it has no effects on basal cell motility. Moreover, we show that DGK α activity induced by E2, as well as its observed effects, are mediated by the G protein-coupled estrogen receptor GPR30 (GPER). These findings suggest that DGK α may be a potential target in endometrial cancer therapy.
• Cellular signalling.Cell Signal.2011 Dec;23(12):1988-96. Epub 2011 Jul 22.
• Increased levels of endogenous and/or exogenous estrogens are one of the well known risk factors of endometrial cancer. Diacylglycerol kinases (DGKs) are a family of enzymes which phosphorylate diacylglycerol (DAG) to produce phosphatidic acid (PA), thus turning off and on DAG-mediated and PA-mediat
• PMID 21802511

• GSNOR-mediated de-nitrosylation in the plant defence response.

• Malik SI, Hussain A, Yun BW, Spoel SH, Loake GJ.SourceInstitute of Molecular Plant Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JR, United Kingdom.
• Plant science : an international journal of experimental plant biology.Plant Sci.2011 Nov;181(5):540-4. Epub 2011 Apr 21.
• A key feature of the plant defence response is the transient engagement of a nitrosative burst, resulting in the synthesis of reactive nitrogen intermediates (RNIs). Specific, highly reactive cysteine (Cys) residues of low pK(a) are a major site of action for these intermediates. The addition of an
• PMID 21893250

Japanese Journal

• Behavior of Dust Particles in Plasma Etching Apparatus

• Kobayashi Hiroyuki
• Jpn J Appl Phys 50(8), 08JE01-08JE01-6, 2011-08-25
• … These particles should be removed from the region above the wafer before turning off the plasma. …
• NAID 150000057797

• 押す,掴む,回すを利用した演奏インタフェースの試作

• 金井 隆晴,菊川 裕也,鈴木 龍彦,馬場 哲晃,串山 久美子
• 情報処理学会研究報告. [音楽情報科学] 2011-MUS-91(15), 1-6, 2011-07-20
• 著者らはソレノイドアクチュエータに数種のセンサを内蔵した独自のユニットを制作し,16 個のユニットを内蔵する立方体型のデバイス 「PocoPoco」 を制作してきた.本稿では,ソレノイド機構による実物体の上下運動装置と,ユーザの 「押す,掴む,回す」 入力装置を楽器演奏インタフェースに応用する行程を述べる.物体が実際に動くことで,動的なアフォーダンス提供が可能になるだけでなく,その動きによりユーザ …
• NAID 110008584105

• 唯識三転法輪説が想定した初時有教の意義 : 『解深密経』・円測『解深密経疏』を手がかりとして

• 橘川 智昭
• 印度學佛教學研究 59(2), 591-596, 2011-03-20
• NAID 110008609376

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「turn」「回転」「rotation」「rotatory」「round」

「turn」

　　[★]

• n.

• 回転、ターン、順番、変化

• v.

• 回転する、なる

関

alter、alteration、become、change、come、convolution、get、go、in turn、order、rank order、revolution、revolve、roll、rolling、rotate、rotation、rotatory、round、shift、turn to、turning、variation、variational

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　

「回転」

　　[★]

英

rotation、rolling、turning、turn、revolution、round、convolution、rotate、roll、turn、revolve、rotatory

関

円形、回旋、回旋性、順番、旋光性、旋光度、なる、輪作、変化、回る、ラウンド、畳み込み、一巡、重畳、回診、ターン、ローリング、転がる、軸旋

「rotation」

　　[★]

• n.

• 回転、回旋、旋光度、(農業)輪作

関

clinorotation、convolute、convolution、crop rotation、optical rotation、revolution、revolve、roll、rolling、rotate、rotatory、round、swirling、turn、turning

　 　 　 　 　

「rotatory」

　　[★]

• 旋光性の、回旋性の、回旋の、回転の

関

circumflex、convolute、convolution、optical rotation、optical rotatory、revolution、revolve、roll、rolling、rotate、rotation、round、swirling、turn、turning

　 　

「round」

　　[★]

• n.

• 回転、ラウンド、一巡、回診

• adj.

• 円形の

関

circular、convolution、revolution、revolve、roll、rolling、rotate、rotation、rotatory、turn、turning