- vi.
- vt.
- n.
- パチパチ鳴る音。活気。(陶器の)ひび模様、びり、クラックル。(塗装表面などの)ひび割れ
WordNet
- having the surface decorated with a network of fine cracks, as in crackleware; "a crackle glaze"
- to become, or to cause to become, covered with a network of small cracks; "The blazing sun crackled the desert sand"
- glazed china with a network of fine cracks on the surface (同)crackleware, crackle china
- the sharp sound of snapping noises (同)crackling, crepitation
- tell spontaneously; "crack a joke"
- become fractured; break or crack on the surface only; "The glass cracked when it was heated" (同)check, break
- break into simpler molecules by means of heat; "The petroleum cracked"
- break partially but keep its integrity; "The glass cracked"
- cause to become cracked; "heat and light cracked the back of the leather chair"
- reduce (petroleum) to a simpler compound by cracking
- a purified and potent form of cocaine that is smoked rather than snorted; highly addictive (同)crack_cocaine, tornado
- a usually brief attempt; "he took a crack at it"; "I gave it a whirl" (同)fling, go, pass, whirl, offer
- a blemish resulting from a break without complete separation of the parts; "there was a crack in the mirror"
- a long narrow opening (同)cleft, crevice, fissure, scissure
- a sudden sharp noise; "the crack of a whip"; "he heard the cracking of the ice"; "he can hear the snap of a twig" (同)cracking, snap
- gain unauthorized access computers with malicious intentions; "she cracked my password"; "crack a safe"
- hit forcefully; deal a hard blow, making a cracking noise; "The teacher cracked him across the face with a ruler"
- make a very sharp explosive sound; "His gun cracked"
PrepTutorEJDIC
- パチパチと音をたてる / 《the ~》パチパチいう音 / 〈U〉(陶磁器の表面の)細かいひび模様;ひび焼き
- ひび焼き陶磁器
- 『割れ目』,ひび,きず;(戸・窓の)わずかの開き / 『パチッ,ピシッ,バン,ガチャッ』(物が壊れたり銃声などの音) / 強い一撃 / (声の)しゃがれ,うわずり;声変り / 《話》瞬間,一瞬 / 気のきいた言葉;皮肉;冗談 / 《話》(…の)機会,試み《+『at』+『名』(do『ing』)》 / …‘に'『ひびを入れる』 / …'を'パチッと割る,砕く / …'を'パチッ(ビシッ)と鳴らす / …'を'ピシャリと打つ / 〈声〉'を'かすれさせる,うわずらせる / 《話》〈家など〉‘に'押し入る;〈金庫など〉'を'破る / 《話》…'を'解く;〈暗号など〉'を'解読する / 《話》〈冗談など〉'を'とばす / 《話》〈酒びんなど〉'を'ポンとあけて飲む / 〈石油〉'を'分解蒸留する / 『割れる』,くだける;ひびがはいる / 『パチッ』(『ビシッ,バン,ガチャッ』)『と鳴る』 / 〈声が〉かすれる;うわずる / (疲労・苦痛などに)参る,屈する / 第一級の,優秀な / パチッと
- パチパチ音をたてること / (焼き豚の)かりかりする表皮
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/09/29 14:25:32」(JST)
wiki en
English Journal
- Clinical, laboratory and pathological findings in cats experimentally infected with Aelurostrongylus abstrusus.
- Schnyder M, Di Cesare A, Basso W, Guscetti F, Riond B, Glaus T, Crisi P, Deplazes P.Author information Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 266a, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland, manuela.schnyder@uzh.ch.AbstractAelurostrongylus abstrusus parasitizes the respiratory tract and can heavily affect the breathing and general condition of cats. Experimental infections of six cats were initiated by intragastric administration with 100 or 800 third-stage larvae (L3) obtained from the terrestrial snail Helix aspersa. First-stage larvae were isolated from faecal samples after 35-41 days post infection (dpi) in five animals and until end of study (84 dpi) in two cats. Cough and respiratory sounds were observed starting from 28 to 41 dpi and dyspnoea and panting starting from 52 dpi. All cats had enlarged lymph nodes and, starting from 56 dpi, reduced body weight, and four cats showed intermittent reduced general condition with apathia and anorexia. Eosinophilia and leucocytosis partially with massive lymphocytosis, and occasional basophilia and monocytosis were observed. Mild anaemia was present in five cats, while alterations in coagulation parameters suggested stimulation of the coagulation cascade with increased consumption of coagulation factors (delayed PT, hypofibrinogenemia). Adult A. abstrusus specimens were isolated from the five patent cats at necropsy and all six cats showed pathological changes in the lungs, including disseminated inflammatory cell infiltrates, often associated with incorporated larvae and eggs. There was some degree of overlap between the severity and the inoculation doses. Infections starting from 100 L3 of A. abstrusus had an impact on the lung tissues and on the health of the cats, despite the presence of only mild haematological abnormalities. Due to the worldwide occurrence of feline lung worms, parasitic infections should be considered in the differential diagnosis of lung diseases regardless of the presence of clinical signs and larval excretion.
- Parasitology research.Parasitol Res.2014 Feb 7. [Epub ahead of print]
- Aelurostrongylus abstrusus parasitizes the respiratory tract and can heavily affect the breathing and general condition of cats. Experimental infections of six cats were initiated by intragastric administration with 100 or 800 third-stage larvae (L3) obtained from the terrestrial snail Helix aspersa
- PMID 24504600
- Characteristics of respiratory tract disease in horses inoculated with equine rhinitis A virus.
- Diaz-Méndez A, Hewson J, Shewen P, Nagy E, Viel L.Author information Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada., Department of Clinical Studies, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada.AbstractObjective-To develop a method for experimental induction of equine rhinitis A virus (ERAV) infection in equids and to determine the clinical characteristics of such infection. Animals-8 ponies (age, 8 to 12 months) seronegative for antibodies against ERAV. Procedures-Nebulization was used to administer ERAV (strain ERAV/ON/05; n = 4 ponies) or cell culture medium (control ponies; 4) into airways of ponies; 4 previously ERAV-inoculated ponies were reinoculated 1 year later. Physical examinations and pulmonary function testing were performed at various times for 21 days after ERAV or mock inoculation. Various types of samples were obtained for virus isolation, blood samples were obtained for serologic testing, and clinical scores were determined for various variables. Results-ERAV-inoculated ponies developed respiratory tract disease characterized by pyrexia, nasal discharge, adventitious lung sounds, and enlarged mandibular lymph nodes. Additionally, these animals had purulent mucus in lower airways up to the last evaluation time 21 days after inoculation (detected endoscopically). The virus was isolated from various samples obtained from lower and upper airways of ERAV-inoculated ponies up to 7 days after exposure; this time corresponded with an increase in serum titers of neutralizing antibodies against ERAV. None of the ponies developed clinical signs of disease after reinoculation 1 year later. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Results of this study indicated ERAV induced respiratory tract disease in seronegative ponies. However, ponies with neutralizing antibodies against ERAV did not develop clinical signs of disease when reinoculated with the virus. Therefore, immunization of ponies against ERAV could prevent respiratory tract disease attributable to that virus in such animals.
- American journal of veterinary research.Am J Vet Res.2014 Feb;75(2):169-78. doi: 10.2460/ajvr.75.2.169.
- Objective-To develop a method for experimental induction of equine rhinitis A virus (ERAV) infection in equids and to determine the clinical characteristics of such infection. Animals-8 ponies (age, 8 to 12 months) seronegative for antibodies against ERAV. Procedures-Nebulization was used to adminis
- PMID 24471753
- Artificial intelligence techniques used in respiratory sound analysis - a systematic review.
- Palaniappan R, Sundaraj K, Sundaraj S.AbstractAbstract Artificial intelligence (AI) has recently been established as an alternative method to many conventional methods. The implementation of AI techniques for respiratory sound analysis can assist medical professionals in the diagnosis of lung pathologies. This article highlights the importance of AI techniques in the implementation of computer-based respiratory sound analysis. Articles on computer-based respiratory sound analysis using AI techniques were identified by searches conducted on various electronic resources, such as the IEEE, Springer, Elsevier, PubMed, and ACM digital library databases. Brief descriptions of the types of respiratory sounds and their respective characteristics are provided. We then analyzed each of the previous studies to determine the specific respiratory sounds/pathology analyzed, the number of subjects, the signal processing method used, the AI techniques used, and the performance of the AI technique used in the analysis of respiratory sounds. A detailed description of each of these studies is provided. In conclusion, this article provides recommendations for further advancements in respiratory sound analysis.
- Biomedizinische Technik. Biomedical engineering.Biomed Tech (Berl).2014 Feb 1;59(1):7-18. doi: 10.1515/bmt-2013-0074.
- Abstract Artificial intelligence (AI) has recently been established as an alternative method to many conventional methods. The implementation of AI techniques for respiratory sound analysis can assist medical professionals in the diagnosis of lung pathologies. This article highlights the importance
- PMID 24114889
- Assessing the variability in respiratory acoustic thoracic imaging (RATHI).
- Charleston-Villalobos S1, Torres-Jiménez A2, González-Camarena R3, Chi-Lem G4, Aljama-Corrales T2.Author information 1Electrical Engineering Department, Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana, Mexico City 09340, Mexico. Electronic address: schv@xanum.uam.mx.2Electrical Engineering Department, Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana, Mexico City 09340, Mexico.3Department of Health Science, Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana, Mexico City 09340, Mexico.4National Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Mexico City 14080, Mexico.AbstractMultichannel analysis of lung sounds (LSs) has enabled the generation of a functional image for the temporal and spatial study of LS intensities in healthy and diseased subjects; this method is known as respiratory acoustic thoracic imaging (RATHI). This acoustic imaging technique has been applied to diverse pulmonary conditions, but it is important to contribute to the understanding of RATHI characteristics, such as acoustic spatial distribution, dependence on airflow and variability. The purpose of the current study is to assess the intra-subject and inter-subject RATHI variabilities in a cohort of 12 healthy male subjects (24.3±1.5 years) using diverse quantitative indices. The indices were obtained directly from the acoustic image and did not require scores from human raters, which helps to prevent inter-observer variability. To generate the acoustic image, LSs were acquired at 25 positions on the posterior thoracic surface by means of airborne sound sensors with a wide frequency band from 75up to 1000Hz under controlled airflow conditions at 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0L/s. To assess intra-subject variability, the degree of similitude between inspiratory acoustic images was evaluated through quadratic mutual information based on the Cauchy-Schwartz inequality (ICS). The inter-subject variability was assessed by an image registration procedure between RATHIs and X-ray images to allow the computation of average and variance acoustic image in the same coordinate space. The results indicated that intra-subject RATHI similitude, reflected by ICS-global, averaged 0.960±0.008, 0.958±0.008 and 0.960±0.007 for airflows of 1.0, 1.5, and 2L/s, respectively. As for the inter-subject variability, the variance image values for three airflow conditions indicated low image variability as they ranged from 0.01 to 0.04. In conclusion, the assessment of intra-subject and inter-subject variability by similitude indices indicated that the acoustic image pattern is repeatable along different respiratory cycles and across different subjects. Therefore, RATHI could be used to explore different aspects of spatial distribution and its association with regional pulmonary ventilation.
- Computers in biology and medicine.Comput Biol Med.2014 Feb;45:58-66. doi: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2013.11.007. Epub 2013 Nov 27.
- Multichannel analysis of lung sounds (LSs) has enabled the generation of a functional image for the temporal and spatial study of LS intensities in healthy and diseased subjects; this method is known as respiratory acoustic thoracic imaging (RATHI). This acoustic imaging technique has been applied t
- PMID 24480164
Japanese Journal
- 限局性気管支拡張症を呈した35年の経過をもつ気道異物の1例
- 久保 和義,長友 安弘,宮内 俊一,楠元 規生,上野 史朗,松本 紫朗,綾部 貴典,富田 雅樹,清水 哲哉,岡山 昭彦
- 気管支学 : 日本気管支研究会雑誌 34(3), 242-245, 2012-05-25
- … 2000年頃から咳嗽,喀痰,微熱を繰り返し,気管支拡張症と診断されていた.症状の増悪がみられ, 2008年5月当科入院となった.右前胸部にcrackleを聴取し,胸部CTで右上葉に限局した気管支拡張像を認めた.気管支鏡検査では右主気管支・右上葉支入口部と中間気管支幹の狭窄を認めた.呼吸器感染症を繰り返したことから,右上葉切除術及び気管支形成術を施行した.術中,右上葉支内から12mm程度のプラスチック製の異物が摘出され,こ …
- NAID 110009457538
- 身体所見の取り方 胸郭・呼吸器系 (乳幼児診療AtoZ) -- (診察法の基本)
- 高瀬 真人
- 小児科 52(5), 546-550, 2011-04
- NAID 40018815316
- クラックル雑音からの音声修復法
- 白川 智昭,下野 哲雄,岩渕 雄三
- 東海大学紀要, 生物理工学部 3, 9-12, 2010
- NAID 40018823314
Related Links
- Watch hundreds of movies and TV shows online. Crackle offers all your favorite genres uncut, unedited, and unbelievably free -- Just press play! ... It's easier than ever to share your favorite Crackle content with your Facebook friends.
- ポストカード,グリーティングカード,レターセット,カレンダーなどのステーショナリー製品や雑貨を制作しているcrackleクラックルのホームページです。Yahoo!...
- crackleとは。意味や和訳。[名](自)1 〈火などが〉パチパチ音を立てる.2 （陶磁器などの表面に）細かいひびができる.3 （生気・興奮・不安などに）満ちている((with ...)). (他)1 …をパチパチ音を立てさせる.2 …をパリパリ音を立てて壊す ...
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
| リンク元 | 「100Cases 55」「湿性ラ音」「respiratory sound」「rale」「pleural rub」 |
| 関連記事 | 「crack」 |
「100Cases 55」
- ヒント：タイトルに騙されるな！
- 45歳 女性
- 主訴：肺炎
- 現病歴：過去6ヶ月の間、咳、発熱、および膿性痰をともなう3回のエピソードがあった。このうち1回のエピソードでは、右側の胸膜炎性胸痛があった。一連のエピソードはgeneral practitionerの外来で治療していた。これらのエピソードに加え、5年間の嚥下困難の既往がある。嚥下困難は最初は中等度であったが、だんだんと増悪している。食べ物が胸骨後部の下方に刺さる様だと言っている。どういう固形物であってもこのような症状がでる。体重は過去2ヶ月で5kg減少した。嚥下困難は食事中に改善することがあるようだ。最近、形のはっきりとした食物を嘔吐する問題を抱えている。
- 3年前外来で施行した上部消化管内視鏡では問題は認められなかった。器質的な問題がないことが保証されたが、症状はひどくなってきた。排尿障害はない。便秘傾向があるが、最近少し悪くなってきた。
- 既往歴：無し
- 家族歴：無し
- 社会歴：10年前まで4年間、アメリカ合衆国の北西の沿岸部にすんでいた。店員として働いている。
- 嗜好歴：喫煙なし。飲酒は週に5units以下。
- 服用薬：
- 身体所見 examination
- やせて見える。右の肺底部にcrackleを認める。心血管系、消化器系、およびそのほかの臓器系に異常を認めない。
- 検査所見 investigations
- 胸部単純X線写真(供覧)
- 問題
- 診断名は？
- どうやって診断をつけるの？
- 答え
- 噴門部のアカラシア
- ■嚥下障害の鑑別疾患
- DIF.125
- 嚥下というのは喉頭、咽頭、食道の機能で、1)機械的閉塞(ex. 腫瘍)、2)生理的閉塞(ex. 偽球麻痺)により機能が障害される。
- 機械的閉塞 喉頭、咽頭、あるいは食道自体の内的な疾患と周辺臓器の外的な疾患を考える。VINDICATEが有効。
- V vascular 大動脈瘤、心拡大
- I inflammatory 喉頭炎、扁桃炎、食道炎、縦隔炎。 infection シャーガス病
- N neoplasm 食道と気管の癌腫(carcinoma)、縦隔の皮様嚢腫
- D degenerative and deficiency Plummer-Vinson syndrome(鉄欠乏性貧血)
- I intoxication アルカリ狭窄(lye stricture)
- C congenital and acquired 食道閉鎖症(esophageal atresia)、食道憩室
- A autoimmune 強皮症
- T trauma 食道破裂
- E endocrine 甲状腺腫大(endemic goiter(風土病としての甲状腺腫)、グレーブス病)
- 生理的閉塞 神経から筋肉にいたるまでの障害であり、この経路を想像しながら鑑別を上げていく。
- 1. end organ 緊張性ジストロフィー、皮膚筋炎、アカラシア、びまん性食道痙攣
- 2. 神経筋接合部 重症筋無力症
- 3. 下位運動ニューロン 急性灰白髄炎、ジフテリア性神経炎、脳幹における感染症もしくは腫瘍
- 4. 上位運動ニューロン 偽性球麻痺(脳梗塞、脳塞栓、脳出血、多発性硬化症、認知症、びまん性脳動脈硬化症)、パーキンソン病や他の錐体外路症状を呈する疾患
「湿性ラ音」
→断続音
分類
「respiratory sound」
「rale」
- n.
「pleural rub」
「crack」
-crack