WordNet

break into fissures or fine cracks
(anatomy) a long narrow slit or groove that divides an organ into lobes

PrepTutorEJDIC

(細長い)裂け目,亀裂(きれつ)(crack)

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2019/05/22 05:36:15」(JST)

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In anatomy, a fissure (Latin fissura, plural fissurae) is a groove, natural division, deep furrow, elongated cleft, or tear in various parts of the body also generally called a sulcus, or in the brain a sulcus.

Types

Brain

Medial longitudinal fissure or Longitudinal fissure: which divides the cerebrum into the two hemispheres.
Fissure of Bichat: found below the corpus callosum in the cerebellum of the brain.
Broca's fissure: found in the third left frontal fold of the brain.
Burdach's fissure: connects the brain's insula and the inner surface of the operculum.
Calcarin's fissure: extends from the occipital of the cerebrum to the occipital fissure.
Callosomarginal fissure: found in the mesial surface of the cerebrum.
Central sulcus or Rolando's fissure: separates the brain's frontal and parietal lobes.
Clevenger's fissure: found in the inferior temporal lobe of the brain
Collateral fissure: found in the inferior surface of the cerebrum.
Hippocampal sulcus: a sulcus that extends from the brain's corpus callosum to the tip of the temporal lobe.
Horizontal fissure or Transverse fissure: found between the cerebrum and the cerebellum. Note that a "transverse fissure" can also be found in the liver and lungs.
Occipitoparietal fissure: found between the occipital and parietal lobes of the brain.
Fissure of Sylvius: separates the frontal and parietal lobes of the brain from the temporal lobe.
Wernicke's fissure: separates the brain's temporal and parietal lobes from the occipital lobe.
Zygal fissure: found in the cerebrum.

Skull

Auricular fissure: found in the temporal bone
Pterygomaxillary fissure
Petrotympanic fissure
Sphenoidal fissure: separates the wings and the body of the sphenoid bone.
Superior orbital fissure

Liver

Transverse fissure of liver: found in the lower surface of the liver.
Portal fissure: found in the under-surface of the liver.
Umbilical fissure: found in front of the liver.
fissure for ligamentum teres hepatis
fissure for ligamentum venosum

Spinal cord

ventral median fissure

Lung

oblique fissure of right & left lung
horizontal fissure of right lung
azygos fissure of right lung

Other

Henle's fissure: the connective tissue between the muscle fibers of the heart.
Palpebral fissure: separates the upper and lower eyelids.
Anal Fissure: a break or tear in the skin of the anal canal. Main causes of the Anal fissure are Constipation, Frequent bowel movements causing the delicate anal lining to tear, Passing Hard stools (due to lack of water intake) and Inflammatory bowel diseases like Tuberculosis, Crohn’s disease etc.
Fissure of the nipple

Abnormal fissure

Fissure can also refer to an unnatural tract or ulcer, most commonly found in the anus and called an anal fissure.

UpToDate Contents

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1. 裂肛：内科的マネージメントanal fissure medical management [show details]
… pressure. The treatment of anal fissure breaks the cyclic anal sphincter spasm, prevents tearing of the anal mucosa, and promotes healing of the fissure. The majority of anal fissures are treated medically, which …
2. 裂肛：臨床症状、診断、および予防anal fissure clinical manifestations diagnosis prevention [show details]
…sporadic anal fissure are discussed in this topic, while the medical and surgical treatment is presented in other topics. Secondary causes of anal fissures are discussed separately. Anal fissures most often …
3. 裂肛：外科的マネージメントanal fissure surgical management [show details]
…management of anal fissure are discussed elsewhere. Medical treatment heals a typical anal fissure in most patients. Surgical treatment may be offered to patients whose fissure does not heal with …
4. 全身性エリテマトーデスの神経精神症状：原因および診断的アプローチlower gastrointestinal bleeding in children causes and diagnostic approach [show details]
…infants are anal fissure or cow milk or soy protein-induced colitis . In children 12 months and older, the most common causes of rectal bleeding are infectious gastroenteritis and anal fissures. In each age …
5. 乳児や小児に発症して間もない便秘recent onset constipation in infants and children [show details]
…reviewed to ensure that they are receiving adequate amounts of fiber. Anal fissures – Passage of large stool can cause anal fissures, which make defecation painful and can lead to stool-retentive or avoidance …

English Journal

Primate neocortex development and evolution: Conserved versus evolved folding.

Namba T, Vaid S, Huttner WB.
The Journal of comparative neurology. 2019 Jul;527(10)1621-1632.
The neocortex, the seat of higher cognitive functions, exhibits a key feature across mammalian species-a highly variable degree of folding. Within the neocortex, two distinct subtypes of cortical areas can be distinguished, the isocortex and the proisocortex. Here, we have compared specific spatiote
PMID 30552689

Treatment of chronic anal fissure: Is open lateral internal sphincterotomy (LIS) a safe and adequate option?

Acar T, Acar N, Güngör F, Kamer E, Güngör H, Candan MS, Bağ H, Tarcan E, Dilek ON, Haciyanli M.
Asian journal of surgery. 2019 May;42(5)628-633.
Anal fissure which is defined as a longitudinal tear in anoderm under the dentate line is one of the most common benign diseases of anorectal area, and due to the severe pain during the defecation and emotional stress that it causes may reduce people's quality of life. There are several treatment me
PMID 30366766

Cavernous Angioma Mimicking Meningioma.

Uzunoglu I, Guvenc G, Kizmazoglu C, Aydin HE, Kaya I, Rezanko TA, Yuceer N.
The Journal of craniofacial surgery. ;30(3)e218-e220.
The authors present a rare case of cavernous angioma mimicking a meningioma in a 58-year-old man who presented with a headache and dizziness. There were no neurological deficits or other neurological symptoms or signs. An extra-axial mass lesion thought to be associated with diffusely well-enhanced
PMID 30845079

Japanese Journal

平成28年熊本地震により被災した水田で栽培された水稲の生育特性

脇山恭行,榮誠三郎,田中誠司,柴田昇平,野見山綾介
九州沖縄農業研究センター研究資料 = Memoirs of the Kyushu Okinawa Agricultural Research Center (95), 49-66, 2019-03-20
平成 28 年熊本地震により，震源地や断層周辺の水田では亀裂が入ったり，水田表面が凹凸となる不陸が生じたりするなどの被害が発生した。熊本市東区秋津地区及び益城町の不陸が発生した水田で栽培された水稲の株当たり生育量は，凹部が凸部に比べて大きかった。その結果，秋津地区の水田では，水稲の収量は凹部で高かった。しかし，益城町の一部の水田では凹部で欠株が多く，収量は低かった。欠株の原因は，移植直後，水深が深 …
NAID 120006595875

機械学習を用いた動画解析による生体情報の自動追跡技術 : 瞼裂幅計測に用いた一例

西村英伍,元村祐貴,勝沼るり,吉村道孝,三島和夫,尾方義人
日本生理人類学会誌 = Japanese journal of physiological anthropology 24(1), 35-45, 2019-02
NAID 40021851596

機械学習を用いた動画解析による生体情報の自動追跡技術：瞼裂幅計測に用いた一例

西村英伍,元村祐貴,勝沼るり,吉村道孝,三島和夫,尾方義人
日本生理人類学会誌 24(1), 35-45, 2019
… In this report, we evaluated theaccuracy of our method by comparing palpebral fissure height measured using manually selected data and trackingdata obtained using YOLOv3. …
NAID 130007632629

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