- 関
- 喘鳴, wheeze
- when obstruction occurs in the extrathoracic airways during inspiration, the noise is reffered to as stridor (NEL.1773)
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zkau4yHsLLM</youtube>
WordNet
- a whistling sound when breathing (usually heard on inspiration); indicates obstruction of the trachea or larynx
- having the surface decorated with a network of fine cracks, as in crackleware; "a crackle glaze"
- to become, or to cause to become, covered with a network of small cracks; "The blazing sun crackled the desert sand"
- glazed china with a network of fine cracks on the surface (同)crackleware, crackle china
- the sharp sound of snapping noises (同)crackling, crepitation
- breathe with difficulty
- breathing with a husky or whistling sound
- (Briticism) a clever or amusing scheme or trick; "a clever wheeze probably succeeded in neutralizing the German espionage threat"
PrepTutorEJDIC
- パチパチと音をたてる / 《the ~》パチパチいう音 / 〈U〉(陶磁器の表面の)細かいひび模様;ひび焼き
- 〈ぜんそくの人などが〉ゼーゼー(ヒーヒー)と息をする / 〈車などが〉ゼーゼー(ヒーヒー)という音を立てる / …‘を'ゼーゼー息を切らして言う《+out+『名』,+『名』+out》 / ゼーゼーすること;その音 / 《俗》冗談;いたずら
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2012/12/17 00:29:55」(JST)
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Stridor
ICD-10 |
R06.1 |
ICD-9 |
786.1 |
MedlinePlus |
003074 |
Stridor (Latin for "creaking or grating noise") is a high-pitched wheezing sound resulting from turbulent air flow in the upper airway. Stridor is a physical sign which is produced by narrowed or obstructed airway path. It can be inspiratory, expiratory or biphasic. Inspiratory stridor is common.[1] It can be indicative of serious airway obstruction from severe conditions such as epiglottitis, a foreign body lodged in the airway, or a laryngeal tumor. Stridor is indicative of a potential medical emergency and should always command attention. Wherever possible, attempts should be made to immediately establish the cause of the stridor (e.g., foreign body, vocal cord edema, tracheal compression by tumor, functional laryngeal dyskinesia, etc.) That examination requires visualization of the airway by a team of medical experts equipped to control the airway.
A reduction in oxygen saturation is considered a late sign of airway obstruction, particularly in a child with healthy lungs and normal gas exchange.
Contents
- 1 Treatments
- 2 Causes
- 3 Diagnosis
- 4 References
- 5 External links
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Treatments
The first issue of clinical concern in the setting of stridor is whether or not tracheal intubation or tracheostomy is immediately necessary. Some patients will need immediate tracheal intubation. If intubation can be delayed for a period, a number of other potential options can be considered, depending on the severity of the situation and other clinical details. These include:
- Expectant management with full monitoring, oxygen by face mask, and positioning the head of the bed for optimum conditions (e.g., 45 - 90 degrees).
- Use of nebulized racemic adrenaline epinephrine (0.5 to 0.75 ml of 2.25% racemic epinephrine added to 2.5 to 3 ml of normal saline) in cases where airway edema may be the cause of the stridor. (Nebulized cocaine in a dose not exceeding 3 mg/kg may also be used, but not together with racemic adrenaline [because of the risk of ventricular arrhythmias].)
- Use of dexamethasone (Decadron) 4–8 mg IV q 8 - 12 h in cases where airway edema may be the cause of the stridor; note that some time (in the range of hours) may be needed for dexamethasone to work fully.
- Use of inhaled Heliox (70% helium, 30% oxygen); the effect is almost instantaneous. Helium, being a less dense gas than nitrogen, reduces turbulent flow through the airways. Always ensure an open airway.
Causes
Stridor may occur as a result of:
- Foreign bodies (e.g., aspirated peanut, aspirated food bolus);
- Tumor (e.g., laryngeal papillomatosis, squamous cell carcinoma of larynx, trachea or esophagus);
- Infections (e.g., epiglottitis, retropharyngeal abscess, croup);
- Subglottic stenosis (e.g., following prolonged intubation or congenital);
- Airway edema (e.g., following instrumentation of the airway, tracheal intubation, drug side effect, allergic reaction);
- Subglottic hemangioma (rare);
- Vascular rings compressing the trachea;
- Many thyroiditis such as Riedel's thyroiditis;
- Vocal cord palsy;
- Tracheomalacia or Tracheobronchomalacia (e.g., collapsed trachea).
- Congenital anomalies of the airway are present in 87% of all cases of stridor in infants and children.[2]
- Patients with enlarged oral and laryngeal anatomy have a close correlation to parents who tested positive for cannabis during pregnancy.[citation needed]
- Vasculitis.
Diagnosis
Stridor is usually diagnosed on the basis of history and physical examination, with a view to revealing the underlying problem or condition.
Chest and neck x-rays, bronchoscopy, CT-scans, and/or MRIs may reveal structural pathology.
Flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy can also be very helpful, especially in assessing vocal cord function or in looking for signs of compression or infection.
References
- ^ "stridor" at Dorland's Medical Dictionary
- ^ Holinger LD (1980). "Etiology of stridor in the neonate, infant and child". Ann. Otol. Rhinol. Laryngol. 89 (5 Pt 1): 397–400. PMID 7436240.
External links
- Stridor at eMedicine
- Congenital stridor at eMedicine
- MedlinePlus Encyclopedia Breathing sounds - abnormal (stridor)
- DDB 27190
- Stridor sounds at R.A.L.E. Lung Sounds
Symptoms and signs: respiratory system (R04–R07, 786)
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Hemorrhage |
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Abnormalities
of breathing |
- Respiratory sounds
- Stridor
- Wheeze
- Crackles
- Rhonchi
- Hamman's sign
- Apnea
- Dyspnea
- Hyperventilation/Hypoventilation
- Hyperpnea/Tachypnea/Hypopnea/Bradypnea
- Orthopnea/Platypnea
- Trepopnea
- Biot's respiration
- Cheyne–Stokes respiration
- Kussmaul breathing
- Hiccup
- Mouth breathing/Snoring
- Breath-holding
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Other |
- Asphyxia
- Cough
- Pleurisy
- Sputum
- Respiratory arrest
- Hypercapnia/Hypocapnia
- Pectoriloquy: Whispered pectoriloquy
- Egophony
- Bronchophony
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Chest, general |
- Chest pain
- Precordial catch syndrome
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anat (n, x, l, c)/phys/devp
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noco (c, p)/cong/tumr, sysi/epon, injr
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proc, drug (R1/2/3/5/6/7)
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UpToDate Contents
全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.
English Journal
- Teaching Video NeuroImages: Sodium channel myotonia can present with stridor.
- Brandt-Wouters E, Klinkenberg S, Roelfsema V, Ginjaar IB, Faber CG, Nicolai J.SourceFrom the Department of Neurology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht; and the Department of Medical Genetics, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, the Netherlands.
- Neurology.Neurology.2013 Mar 5;80(10):e108. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182840c0b.
- An 11-month-old girl presented with episodic severe stridor from birth, often resulting in cyanosis. Her parents had noted recurrent unilateral ptosis. Later she developed spasms of her hands during exercise. Psychomotor development was normal. Neurologic examination showed generalized hypertonia. C
- PMID 23460624
- [Spirometry patterns in vocal cord dysfunction].
- Sanz Santiago V, López Neyra A, Almería Gil E, Villa Asensi JR.SourceSección de Neumología, Hospital Infantil Niño Jesús, Madrid, España. Electronic address: veross81@yahoo.es.
- Anales de pediatría (Barcelona, Spain : 2003).An Pediatr (Barc).2013 Mar;78(3):173-7. doi: 10.1016/j.anpedi.2012.07.001. Epub 2012 Aug 11.
- INTRODUCTION: Vocal cord dysfunction (VCD) is a rare disease characterized by a paradoxical closure of the vocal cords, usually in inspiration, that causes dyspnea and stridor. The spirometry pattern that is more often described is a plateau in the inspiratory curve, but it can be also found in the
- PMID 22884525
- Inspiratory Stridor after Tracheal Intubation with a MicroCuff® Tracheal Tube in Three Young Infants.
- Sathyamoorthy M, Lerman J, Lakshminrusimha S, Feldman D.Source* Fellow, Department of Anesthesia, Women and Children's Hospital of Buffalo, and SUNY at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York. † Clinical Professor, Department of Anesthesia, Women and Children's Hospital of Buffalo, and SUNY at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York and University of Rochester, Rochester, New York. ‡ Associate Professor, Division of Neonatology and Department of Pediatrics, Women and Children's Hospital of Buffalo, and SUNY at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York. § Site Director and Associate Professor, Department of Anesthesia, Women and Children's Hospital of Buffalo, and SUNY at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York and University of Rochester, Rochester, New York.
- Anesthesiology.Anesthesiology.2013 Mar;118(3):748-750.
- PMID 23314107
Japanese Journal
- 東谷 敏孝,執行 寛,林 達哉,原渕 保明
- 耳鼻咽喉科臨床 104(7), 509-515, 2011-07-01
- … He visited our hospital complaining of dyspnea, trouble with speaking and stridor. … She visited our hospital complaining of dyspnea and stridor. …
- NAID 10029062777
- 金村 信明,中野 友明,比良野 彩子,天津 久郎,古下 尚美,植村 剛,愛場 庸雅
- 日本耳鼻咽喉科學會會報 114(5), 505-510, 2011-05-20
- ふらつきを主訴に受診し診断に至った頸部原発の神経芽腫 (neuroblastoma, 以下NB) の1例を経験した. 本症例では頸部神経芽腫に伴う呼吸困難や嚥下困難といった身体症状を有さず, 体幹失調のみが認められた. 画像および生検からNBの診断に至り, 強化化学療法後に選択的頸部郭清術を施行した. 現在術後10カ月経つが, 明らかな再発兆候は認められない. NBは小児固形腫瘍として高頻度である …
- NAID 10029089914
- Severe stridor and marked respiratory difficulty after right-sided supraclavicular brachial plexus block
- SOLANKI Sohan Lal,JAIN Amit,MAKKAR Jeetinder Kaur,NIKHAR Sapna Annaji
- Journal of anesthesia 25(2), 305-307, 2011-04-20
- NAID 10029022803
Related Links
- 研修医の勉強ノートです。 ... wheeze, stridor 概念 † 気道狭窄や不完全閉塞により聴診器なしで聴かれる異常呼吸音 聴診上の高音性で連続性の副雑音は狭義の喘鳴という
- stridorとは。意味や和訳。[名]1 耳ざわりな音,きしる音.2 病理(学)喘鳴(ぜんめい):呼吸器官狭窄(きょうさく)によるぜいぜいいう音. - goo辞書は国語、英和、和英、中国語、百科事典等からまとめて探せる辞書検索サービスです。
- stridorの意味は?goo辞書は無料で使える日本最大級の辞書サービスです。国語辞典、英和辞典、和英辞典、類語辞典、中国語辞典、百科事典などを提供しています。 ... エジソン 名言一覧 | Wiki 私は一日たりとも、いわゆる労働などした ...
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 次の文を読み、33、34の同いに答えよ。
- 62歳の女性。呼吸困難のため搬入された。
- 現病歴 朝食前の散歩中に誤って転倒し右腰部を打撲した。帰宅後、痛みが強くなったためアスピリン製剤を内服した。それまでアスピリン製剤を服用したことはなかった。その後、次第に息苦しさを感じるようになり、立っていられなくなったため救急車を要請した。
- 既往歴 小児期に副鼻腔炎。
- 生活歴 飲酒は機会飲酒。
- 豪族歴 特記すべきことはない。
- 現症 意識は清明。身長152cm、体重50kg。体温36.8℃。呼吸数18/分、呼気の延長を認める。脈拍108/分、整。血圧128/82mmHg。経皮的動脈血酸素飽和度(SpO2)86%。心音に異常を認めない。腹部は平坦、軟で、肝・脾を触知しない。四肢に浮腫はなく、皮膚の色調に異常を認めない。
[正答]
※国試ナビ4※ [105H032]←[国試_105]→[105H034]
[★]
- 64歳の男性。2年前に脳梗塞を発症し、左上下肢の完全麻痺で在宅にて療養中である。5年前から心房細動と心不全とに対して内服治療中である。食事は全量摂取するが、時々、食事中に咳き込むことがある。日中は家族の介助により車椅子で移動している。
- 今後、在宅診療を続ける過程で心不全増悪を示唆する所見でないのはどれか。
[正答]
※国試ナビ4※ [109I051]←[国試_109]→[109I053]
[★]
- 日齢5の新生児。在胎39週、出生体重2,840gで帝王切開で出生した。Apgarスコアは5点(1分)、9点(5分)。本日、心雑音を認めたため、心エコー検査を行ったところ大動脈遠位弓部狭窄、心室中隔欠損および動脈管開存を認めた。
- 今後、この患児にみられる可能性が高い症候はどれか。
[正答]
※国試ナビ4※ [111G052]←[国試_111]→[111G054]
[★]
聴診所見と呼吸器疾患の組合せで誤っているのはどれか。
[正答]
※国試ナビ4※ [113E007]←[国試_113]→[113E009]
[★]
- 英
- wheezing, wheeze, stridor, harsh, grating sound
- 同
- 狭窄音 stenotic sound
- 関
- ラ音、呼吸音
概念
- 広義:聴診器なしに聴かれる異常呼吸音
- 狭義:聴診上、高音(400Hz以上)で連続性(0.25秒以上続く)の副雑音
定義:weezeとstridor
wheeze
- a wheeze is a musical and continuous sound that originates from oscillations in narrowed airways (NEL.1773)
- wheezing is heard mostly on expiration as a result of critical airway obstruction
stridor (NEL.1773)
- when obstruction occurs in the extrathoracic airways during inspiration, the noise is reffered to as stridor (NEL.1773)
- 吸気時喘鳴、吸気性喘鳴、inspiratory stridorとも記載されうる。
- 吸気時により著明なで、上気道・中枢気道狭窄による喘鳴
喘鳴を来す疾患
- see also NEL.1773 参考1
呼気時の喘鳴
etc.
吸気時の喘鳴
小児の喘鳴
- SPE.300
- 臥位になってから2時間程度して喘鳴が出現する。間質に分布していた水分が血管内に戻ってきてそして肺で溢れる
参考
- http://www.med.kurume-u.ac.jp/med/imed1/students/syllabus/kokyuki24.pdf
[★]
- 英
- hereditary angioneurotic edema HANE
- 同
- 遺伝性血管神経浮腫
- 遺伝性血管浮腫 hereditary angioedema HAE
- 関
- 補体
[show details]
概念
病因
疫学
遺伝形式
病態生理
症状
検査
- uptodate.1
- 補体価の低下(診断アルゴリズム上ではC4を定量)
- 高ガンマグロブリン血症が見られることがあるが、普通は補体以外に異常がない。
- SLEに罹患する頻度が(健常者に比べ)高い。(there is an increased frequency of systemic lupus erythematosus)
診断
診断アルゴリズム
- uptodate.2
- international consensus conference in 2010 to help evaluate patients with suspected HAE
- 蕁麻疹ではない血管浮腫の反復
- 腹痛や嘔吐の反復
- 喉頭浮腫
- 血管浮腫の家族歴
- 2. 血清中のC4、C1-INH、できればC1-INH機能量(C1-INH functional level)定量
(略)
治療
予防
- an inhibitor of plasmin activation of C1, reduces the frequency of the episode.(Q book p.206)
参考
uptodate
- 1. [charged] 遺伝性血管浮腫の臨床症状および病因 - uptodate [1]
- 2. [charged] 遺伝性血管浮腫の診断 - uptodate [2]
- 3. [charged] 遺伝性血管浮腫の急性発作の治療 - uptodate [3]
- 4. [charged] 遺伝性血管浮腫の発作の予防 - uptodate [4]
[★]
- 英
- continuous sound
- 関
- 聴診、呼吸音、ギーギー音、ラ音
連続音
- 参考1 手技みえ.85
- 笛音 :weezes wheezing: 呼気:呼気の終末で。細気管支の狭窄。気管支喘息
- :stridor :吸気・吸気:喉頭炎、外来異物
- :squawks : 呼気:間質性肺炎
- いびき音:rhoncus rhonchi:吸気・呼気:上気道の狭窄。COPD、気管支拡張症
参考
[★]
- 英
- adventitious sound
- 関
- 聴診
- 連続性異常肺音 continuous adventitous sounds
-
- 断続性異常肺音 discontinuous adventitous sounds]
- 同
- ラ音
[★]
断続音
- パチパチ鳴る音。活気。(陶器の)ひび模様、びり、クラックル。(塗装表面などの)ひび割れ
- 関
- 湿性ラ音、断続性ラ音
- lung sound、moist rale、pleural rub、rale、respiratory sound、rhonchi、stridor、wheezing