エステラーゼ、エステル加水分解酵素、エステル分解酵素
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2013/01/02 14:58:19」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
An esterase is a hydrolase enzyme that splits esters into an acid and an alcohol in a chemical reaction with water called hydrolysis.
A wide range of different esterases exist that differ in their substrate specificity, their protein structure, and their biological function.
EC classification/list of enzymes
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- Acetylesterase (EC 3.1.1.6), splits off acetyl groups
- Cholinesterase
- Acetylcholinesterase, inactivates the neurotransmitter acetylcholine
- Pseudocholinesterase, broad substrate specificity, found in the blood plasma and in the liver
- Pectinesterase (EC 3.1.1.11), clarifies fruit juices
- EC 3.1.2: Thiolester hydrolases
- Thioesterase
- Ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1
- EC 3.1.3: Phosphoric monoester hydrolases
- Phosphatase (EC 3.1.3.x), hydrolyses phosphoric acid monoesters into a phosphate ion and an alcohol
- Alkaline phosphatase, removes phosphate groups from many types of molecules, including nucleotides, proteins, and alkaloids.
- Phosphodiesterase (PDE), inactivates the second messenger cAMP
- cGMP specific phosphodiesterase type 5, is inhibited by Sildenafil (Viagra)
- Fructose bisphosphatase (3.1.3.11), converts fructose-1,6-bisphosphate to fructose-6-phosphate in gluconeogenesis
- EC 3.1.4: Phosphoric diester hydrolases
- EC 3.1.5: Triphosphoric monoester hydrolases
- EC 3.1.6: Sulfuric ester hydrolases (sulfatases)
- EC 3.1.7: Diphosphoric monoester hydrolases
- EC 3.1.8: Phosphoric triester hydrolases
- Exonucleases (deoxyribonucleases and ribonucleases)
- EC 3.1.11: Exodeoxyribonucleases producing 5'-phosphomonoesters
- EC 3.1.13: Exoribonucleases producing 5'-phosphomonoesters
- EC 3.1.14: Exoribonucleases producing 3'-phosphomonoesters
- EC 3.1.15: Exonucleases active with either ribo- or deoxy-
- Endonucleases (deoxyribonucleases and ribonucleases)
- Endodeoxyribonuclease
- Endoribonuclease
- either deoxy- or ribo-
See also
- Enzyme
- List of enzymes
- Carboxylic acid
- Ester
- Leukocyte esterase
- Hemagglutinin esterase
- Nuclease
- Lipase
External links
Proteins: enzymes
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Topics |
- Active site
- Allosteric regulation
- Binding site
- Catalytically perfect enzyme
- Coenzyme
- Cofactor
- Cooperativity
- EC number
- Enzyme catalysis
- Enzyme inhibitor
- Enzyme kinetics
- Lineweaver–Burk plot
- Michaelis–Menten kinetics
- List of enzymes
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Types |
- EC1 Oxidoreductases/list
- EC2 Transferases/list
- EC3 Hydrolases/list
- EC4 Lyases/list
- EC5 Isomerases/list
- EC6 Ligases/list
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- B
- enzm
- 1.1
- 2
- 3
- 4
- 5
- 6
- 7
- 8
- 10
- 11
- 13
- 14
- 15-18
- 2.1
- 2.7.10
- 2.7.11-12
- 3.1
- 4.1
- 5.1
- 6.1-3
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Hydrolase: esterases (EC 3.1)
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3.1.1: Carboxylic ester hydrolases |
- Cholinesterase
- Acetylcholinesterase
- Butyrylcholinesterase
- Pectinesterase
- 6-phosphogluconolactonase
- PAF acetylhydrolase
- Lipase
- Bile salt-dependent
- Gastric/Lingual
- Pancreatic
- Lysosomal
- Hormone-sensitive
- Endothelial
- Hepatic
- Lipoprotein
- Monoacylglycerol
- Diacylglycerol
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3.1.2: Thioesterase |
- Palmitoyl protein thioesterase
- Ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1
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3.1.3: Phosphatase |
- Alkaline phosphatase
- Acid phosphatase (Prostatic)/Tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase/Purple acid phosphatases
- Nucleotidase
- Glucose 6-phosphatase
- Fructose 1,6-bisphosphatase
- Phosphoprotein phosphatase
- OCRL
- Pyruvate dehydrogenase phosphatase
- Fructose 6-P,2-kinase:fructose 2,6-bisphosphatase
- PTEN
- Phytase
- Inositol-phosphate phosphatase
- Phosphoprotein phosphatase: Protein tyrosine phosphatase
- Protein serine/threonine phosphatase
- Dual-specificity phosphatase
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3.1.4: Phosphodiesterase |
- Autotaxin
- Phospholipase
- Sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase
- PDE1
- PDE2
- PDE3
- PDE4A/PDE4B
- PDE5
- Lecithinase (Clostridium perfringens alpha toxin)
- Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase
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3.1.6: Sulfatase |
- arylsulfatase
- Arylsulfatase A
- Arylsulfatase B
- Arylsulfatase E
- Steroid sulfatase
- Galactosamine-6 sulfatase
- Iduronate-2-sulfatase
- N-acetylglucosamine-6-sulfatase
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Nuclease (includes
deoxyribonuclease and
ribonuclease) |
3.1.11-16: Exonuclease |
Exodeoxyribonuclease |
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Exoribonuclease |
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3.1.21-31: Endonuclease |
Endodeoxyribonuclease |
- Deoxyribonuclease I
- Deoxyribonuclease II
- Deoxyribonuclease IV
- Restriction enzyme
- UvrABC endonuclease
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Endoribonuclease |
- RNase III
- RNase H
- RNase P
- RNase A
- RNase T1
- RNA-induced silencing complex
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either deoxy- or ribo- |
- Aspergillus nuclease S1
- Micrococcal nuclease
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- B
- enzm
- 1.1
- 2
- 3
- 4
- 5
- 6
- 7
- 8
- 10
- 11
- 13
- 14
- 15-18
- 2.1
- 2.7.10
- 2.7.11-12
- 3.1
- 4.1
- 5.1
- 6.1-3
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- POD promoted oxidative gelation of water-extractable arabinoxylan through ferulic acid dimers. Evidence for its negative effect on malt filterability.
- Wu D1, Zhou T1, Li X1, Cai G1, Lu J2.
- Food chemistry.Food Chem.2016 Apr 15;197(Pt A):422-6. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.10.130. Epub 2015 Oct 26.
- As a major component of non-starch polysaccharide in barley, arabinoxylan (AX) plays an important role in quality traits of malt and the final beer product. The Chinese barley malt has encountered filterability problems for a long time. The main reason caused by barley cultivar has been accepted in
- PMID 26616970
- Malbranchea cinnamomea: A thermophilic fungal source of catalytically efficient lignocellulolytic glycosyl hydrolases and metal dependent enzymes.
- Mahajan C1, Basotra N2, Singh S3, Di Falco M4, Tsang A5, Chadha BS6.
- Bioresource technology.Bioresour Technol.2016 Jan;200:55-63. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.09.113. Epub 2015 Oct 13.
- This study reports thermophilic fungus Malbranchea cinnamomea as an important source of lignocellulolytic enzymes. The secretome analysis using LC-MS/MS orbitrap showed that fungus produced a spectrum of glycosyl hydrolases (cellulase/hemicellulase), polysaccharide lyases (PL) and carbohydrate ester
- PMID 26476165
- Optimizing hereditary angioedema management through tailored treatment approaches.
- Nasr IH1, Manson AL1, Al Wahshi HA1, Longhurst HJ1.
- Expert review of clinical immunology.Expert Rev Clin Immunol.2016 Jan;12(1):19-31. doi: 10.1586/1744666X.2016.1100963. Epub 2015 Oct 23.
- Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is a rare but serious and potentially life threatening autosomal dominant condition caused by low or dysfunctional C1 esterase inhibitor (C1-INH) or uncontrolled contact pathway activation. Symptoms are characterized by spontaneous, recurrent attacks of subcutaneous or su
- PMID 26496459
Japanese Journal
- Factors Affecting Intestinal Absorption of Cholesterol and Plant Sterols and Stanols
- Fucoxanthin Derivatives: Synthesis and their Chemical Properties
- Komba Shiro,Kotake-Nara Eiichi,Machida Sachiko
- Journal of Oleo Science 64(9), 1009-1018, 2015
- … We also investigated the hydrolysis of these compounds with enzymes (esterase from porcine liver, lipase from porcine pancreas, and cholesterol esterase from Pseudomonas sp.). … The ester linkage between the lithocholic acid and fucoxanthin of LevLF was hydrolyzed with cholesterol esterase. …
- NAID 130005096007
- 糖尿病自律神経障害に伴う胃排出障害に対するアコチアミドの有効性
- 今村 友裕,岩田 慎平,加藤 奈緒香,大重 たまみ,賀来 寛雄,中山 ひとみ,田尻 祐司,山田 研太郎
- 糖尿病 58(8), 564-567, 2015
- 糖尿病自律神経障害に伴う胃排出障害は,不快な腹部症状をきたすだけでなく,血糖コントロール不安定化の要因ともなる.糖尿病に伴う胃排出低下には,副交感神経終末からのアセチルコリン分泌低下が関与していると推定される.そこで,糖尿病自律神経障害を有する糖尿病患者3例に経口アセチルコリンエステラーゼ阻害薬であるアコチアミド100 mgを1日3回食前に投与したところ,腹部症状の改善と呼気法による胃排出速度の促 …
- NAID 130005095257
Related Links
- Leukocyte esterase is a screening test used to detect a substance that suggests there are white blood cells in the urine. This may mean you have a urinary tract infection. If this test is positive, the urine should be examined under a ...
- esteraseとは。意味や和訳。[名詞] 〔生化学〕 エステラーゼ:エステルを酸とアルコールに加水分解する酵素の総称. - 80万項目以上収録、例文・コロケーションが豊富な無料英和和英辞典。
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- leukocyte, leucocyte (Z), white blood cell (Z), WBC, white corpuscle, white cell
- 関
- 赤血球、血球、血液
白血球
基準値
- 4000-9000 (/μl) (2007前期解剖学授業プリント)
- 異常値の出るメカニズム第5版
- 5000- 8400 (/μl) (健常者の2/3)
- 4500-11000 (/μl) (95%範囲)
年齢との関連
生理的な変動
- 精神的ストレス↑ → 交感神経の刺激により好中球の血管壁遊離が促進されるため
- 午前↓、午後↑
基準値
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07解
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異メ
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流マ
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HIM.A-1
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顆粒球
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好中球
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桿状核球
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40~70
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44~66
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40~60
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4~14
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0~5
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分葉核球
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43~59
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40~70
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好酸球
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2~4
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0~ 4
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2~4
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0~6
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好塩基球
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0~2
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0~0.5
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0~2
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0~2
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無顆粒球
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リンパ球
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25~40
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30~38
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26~40
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20~50
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単球
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3~6
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0~ 5
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3~6
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4~8
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- 07解: 2007前期解剖学授業プリント
- 異メ: 異常値の出るメカニズム第5版 p.91
- 流マ: 流れが分かる実践検査マニュアル上巻 p.10
(margination)
- 1. 赤血球は軽く早く流れるので血管の中央をながれ、白血球は血管のへりを流れている
(rolling)
(adheresion & arrested)
(transmigration)
- 6. 白血球と血管内皮細胞に発現しているPECAM-1(CD31)がお互い接着し、白血球が血管内皮細胞の間隙を通って細胞外マトリックスに入る
白血球の染色
- 好酸性:赤く染まる→ヘモグロビン
- 好塩基性:青く染まる→リボソーム、核内のヒストン蛋白
- 好酸性でも好塩基性でもない:淡いピンクに染まる
- MPOをもつ:顆粒球(前骨髄球~分葉核球)、単球(前単球~単球)
- MPOをもたない:リンパ球系細胞
- 好中球:長鎖エステルを分解
- 単球:短鎖エステルを分解
関節液
- 炎症 感染
- 200 2000 20000
- 500 5000 50000
臨床関連
- 白血球のインテグリンが欠損または減少する先天性疾患
- 反復性の細菌皮膚感染
- SIRSの診断基準:<4,000/ul or >12,000/ul
[★]
- 関
- 薬理学、膵炎、急性膵炎、慢性膵炎
急性膵炎
- 種々の原因による膵臓から分泌される酵素により、膵臓自体が自己融解
- 膵トリプシン↑→phospholipase A2↑、esterase↑→浮腫、出血、壊死
- →進行すると多臓器へも波及、SIRS(全身性炎症反応症候群)、播種性血管内凝固(DIC)、多臓器不全(multiple organ failure, MOF)をきたす。
- 急性膵炎の治療としては、膵外分泌の抑制、鎮痛、酵素抑制が必要となる (SPC.313)
-
- ヒスタミンH2受容体遮断薬、抗コリン薬(ブスコパン)
- 十二指腸pH4.5↓→セクレチン分泌↑→膵液分泌↑ ←これを抑制するため
[★]
- 英
- esterase
[★]
- 英
- esterase
- 関
- エステラーゼ、エステル加水分解酵素
[★]
- 英
- esterase
- 関
- エステラーゼ、エステル分解酵素
[★]
- 関
- acetylcholinesterase inhibitor、anticholinesterase、cholinesterase inhibitor
[★]
4型サイクリックヌクレオチドホスホジエステラーゼ
- 関
- phosphodiesterase 4
[★]
ホスホジエステラーゼ4
- 関
- PDE4、type 4 cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase
[★]
赤血球コリンエステラーゼ
[★]
非特異的エステラーゼ