抗菌薬
WordNet
- capable of destroying or inhibiting the growth of disease-causing microorganisms (同)antimicrobic
- use recreational drugs (同)do drugs
- administer a drug to; "They drugged the kidnapped tourist" (同)dose
- a substance that is used as a medicine or narcotic
- any drug that destroys bacteria or inhibits their growth (同)antibacterial_drug, bactericide
- destroying bacteria or inhibiting their growth
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 『薬』,薬品,薬剤 / 『麻薬』,麻酔剤 / 〈人〉‘に'薬(特に麻酔剤)を与える / 〈飲食物〉‘に'(麻酔薬・毒薬などの)薬を混ぜる
UpToDate Contents
全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.
- 1. 薬物アレルギー患者へのアプローチ an approach to the patient with drug allergy
- 2. 固定薬疹 fixed drug eruption
- 3. 薬物熱 drug fever
- 4. 抗マラリア剤:概要 antimalarial drugs an overview
- 5. 抗結核薬:概要 antituberculous drugs an overview
English Journal
- Antibacterial and antifungal activities of thymol: A brief review of the literature.
- Marchese A1, Orhan IE2, Daglia M3, Barbieri R1, Di Lorenzo A3, Nabavi SF4, Gortzi O5, Izadi M6, Nabavi SM7.
- Food chemistry.Food Chem.2016 Nov 1;210:402-14. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.04.111. Epub 2016 Apr 26.
- Thymol (2-isopropyl-5-methylphenol) is the main monoterpene phenol occurring in essential oils isolated from plants belonging to the Lamiaceae family (Thymus, Ocimum, Origanum, and Monarda genera), and other plants such as those belonging to the Verbenaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Ranunculaceae, and Apia
- PMID 27211664
- Synthesis, structure and antimicrobial property of green composites from cellulose, wool, hair and chicken feather.
- Tran CD1, Prosencyes F2, Franko M2, Benzi G2.
- Carbohydrate polymers.Carbohydr Polym.2016 Oct 20;151:1269-76. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.06.021. Epub 2016 Jun 6.
- Novel composites between cellulose (CEL) and keratin (KER) from three different sources (wool, hair and chicken feather) were successfully synthesized in a simple one-step process in which butylmethylimidazolium chloride (BMIm(+)Cl(-)), an ionic liquid, was used as the sole solvent. The method is gr
- PMID 27474680
- Mucoadhesive plasticized system of branched poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) with aciclovir.
- Snejdrova E1, Drastik M2, Dittrich M1, Kastner P3, Nguyenova J1.
- Drug development and industrial pharmacy.Drug Dev Ind Pharm.2016 Oct;42(10):1653-9. doi: 10.3109/03639045.2016.1160109. Epub 2016 Mar 17.
- Commercially available antibacterial semisolid preparations intended for topical application provide only short-term drug release. A sustained kinetics is possible by exploitation of a biodegradable polymer carrier. The purpose of this work is to formulate a mucoadhesive system with aciclovir (ACV)
- PMID 26925606
Japanese Journal
- 症例 高用量のステロイド内服加療を要したメシル酸ガレノキサシンによる多発性固定薬疹の1例
- Journal of environmental dermatology and cutaneous allergology = 日本皮膚アレルギー・接触皮膚炎学会雑誌 11(2), 169-174, 2017-04
- NAID 40021204220
- 機能材料マーケットデータ 抗菌・防カビ剤の市場動向
- The antibacterial effects of antimicrobial peptides OP-145 against clinically isolated multi-resistant strains
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- antibacterial drug, antibacterial
- 関
- 抗生剤、薬理学、抗菌薬一覧、抗細菌薬
- first aid step 1 2006 p.165
定義
- 細菌/微生物に静菌作用、殺菌作用を示す物質。結果として、人において病原性を除去する目的で使用される。
- このうち、微生物によって産生される物質を抗生物質と呼ぶ
作用機序による分類
- first aid step 1 2006 p.165
|
Mechanism of action
|
Drugs
|
1
|
Block cell wall synthesis by inhibition of peptidoglycan cross-linking
|
penicillin, ampicillin, ticarcillin, piperacillin, imipenem, aztreonam, cephalosporins
|
2
|
Block peptidoglycan synthesis
|
bacitracin, vancomycin, cycloserine
|
3
|
Disrupt bacterial/fungal cell membranes
|
polymyxins
|
4
|
Disrupt fungal cell membranes
|
amphotericin B, nystatin, fluconazole/azoles
|
5
|
Block nucleotide synthesis
|
sulfonamides, trimethoprim
|
6
|
Block DNA topoisomerases
|
quinolones
|
7
|
Block mRNA synthesis
|
rifampin
|
8
|
Block protein synthesis at 50S ribosomal subunit
|
chloramphenicol, erythromycin/macrolides, lincomycin, clindamycin, streptogramins (quinupristin, dalfopristin), linezolid
|
9
|
Block protein synthesis at 30S ribosomal subunit
|
aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, spectinomycin ATuSi → あつし
|
薬物動態
- 濃度依存性:アミノグリコシド系抗菌薬、ニューロキノロン系抗菌薬
- 時間依存性:βラクタム系抗菌薬
治療期間
小児
- 尾内一信 ; 第 39 回日本小児感染症学会教育講演 2 小児感染症の抗菌薬療法 -耐性菌時代の適正使用-
感染臓器・臨床診断
|
原因菌
|
投与期間(抗菌薬)
|
髄膜炎
|
インフルエンザ菌
|
7-10日
|
肺炎球菌
|
10-14日
|
髄膜炎菌
|
7-10日
|
GBS,腸内細菌,リステリア
|
21日
|
中耳炎
|
<2 歳
|
10日
|
2 歳≦
|
5-7日
|
咽頭炎
|
A 群連鎖球菌
|
10日(ペニシリン系薬)
|
5日(セフェム系薬)
|
肺炎
|
肺炎球菌,インフルエンザ菌
|
解熱後3-4日
|
黄色ブドウ球菌
|
3-4週間
|
マイコプラズマ,クラミジア
|
10-21日
|
腎臓、膀胱炎、腎盂腎炎
|
大腸菌,プロテウス,腸球菌
|
3日
|
14日
|
骨髄炎
|
黄色ブドウ球菌
|
21日
|
連鎖球菌,インフルエンザ菌
|
14日
|
主要な感染症の抗菌薬投与期間
- 感染レジマニュ p.27
ソース不明
妊婦に避けるべき抗菌薬
- Antibiotics to avoid in pregnancy
- Sulfonamides––kernicterus.
- Aminoglycosides––ototoxicity.
- Fluoroquinolones––cartilage damage.
- Erythromycin––acute cholestatic hepatitis in mom
- (and clarithromycin––embryotoxic).
- Metronidazole––mutagenesis.
- Tetracyclines––discolored teeth, inhibition of bone growth.
- Ribavirin (antiviral)––teratogenic.
- Griseofulvin (antifungal)––teratogenic.
- Chloramphenicol––“gray baby.”
- SAFE Moms Take Really Good Care.
使っても良い
- YN.H-24
参考
- まとまっていてよい
- http://www.antibiotic-books.jp
[★]
- 関
- anti-bacterial agent、anti-infective agent、antibacterial、antibacterial agent、antibacterial drug、antibacterials、antibiotic、antibiotics、antiinfective agent、antimicrobial、antimicrobials、microbicide
[★]
- 関
- anti-bacterial agent、antibacterial、antibacterial agent、antibacterial drug、antibacterials、antibiotic、antibiotics、antimicrobial agent、antimicrobials
[★]
- 英
- antimicrobial agent、antibacterial agent、antibacterial drug、antibiotic、antimicrobial
- 関
- 抗菌、抗菌性、抗菌薬、抗生剤、抗生物質、殺菌剤、抗感染薬、抗細菌薬
[★]
- 関
- antibacterial、antibacterial agent、antibacterial drug、antibacterials、antibiotic、antibiotics、antimicrobial、antimicrobial agent、antimicrobials、bacteriocide
[★]
- 関
- anti-bacterial agent、antibacterial agent、antibacterial drug、antibacterially、antibacterials、antibiotic、antibiotics、antimicrobial、antimicrobial agent、antimicrobials
[★]
- 同
- drugs