ピペラシリン
WordNet
- a synthetic type of penicillin antibiotic (trade name Pipracil) used for moderate to severe infections (同)Pipracil
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2013/10/08 01:09:52」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
Piperacillin
|
Systematic (IUPAC) name |
(2S,5R,6R)-6-{[(2R)-2-[(4-ethyl-2,3-dioxo-piperazine-1-carbonyl)amino]-2-phenyl-acetyl]amino}-3,3-dimethyl-7-oxo-4-thia-1-azabicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2-carboxylic acid |
Clinical data |
AHFS/Drugs.com |
Consumer Drug Information |
Pregnancy cat. |
B |
Legal status |
POM (UK) ℞-only (US) |
Routes |
IV, IM |
Pharmacokinetic data |
Bioavailability |
not absorbed orally |
Protein binding |
Slightly less than Amoxicillin |
Metabolism |
largely not metabolized |
Half-life |
36–72 minutes |
Excretion |
20% in bile, 80% unchanged in urine |
Identifiers |
CAS number |
61477-96-1 Y |
ATC code |
J01CA12 |
PubChem |
CID 43672 |
IUPHAR ligand |
422 |
DrugBank |
DB00319 |
ChemSpider |
39798 Y |
UNII |
9I628532GX Y |
KEGG |
D08380 Y |
ChEBI |
CHEBI:8232 Y |
ChEMBL |
CHEMBL702 Y |
Chemical data |
Formula |
C23H27N5O7S |
Mol. mass |
517.555 g/mol |
SMILES
- O=C(O)[C@@H]3N4C(=O)[C@@H](NC(=O)[C@@H](c1ccccc1)NC(=O)N2C(=O)C(=O)N(CC)CC2)[C@H]4SC3(C)C
|
InChI
-
InChI=1S/C23H27N5O7S/c1-4-26-10-11-27(19(32)18(26)31)22(35)25-13(12-8-6-5-7-9-12)16(29)24-14-17(30)28-15(21(33)34)23(2,3)36-20(14)28/h5-9,13-15,20H,4,10-11H2,1-3H3,(H,24,29)(H,25,35)(H,33,34)/t13-,14-,15+,20-/m1/s1 Y
Key:IVBHGBMCVLDMKU-GXNBUGAJSA-N Y
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Y (what is this?) (verify)
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Piperacillin is an extended spectrum beta-lactam antibiotic of the ureidopenicillin class. It is normally used together with a beta-lactamase inhibitor, notably in the combination piperacillin/tazobactam.
Administration[edit]
Piperacillin is not absorbed orally, and must therefore be given by intravenous or intramuscular injection. It has been shown that the bacteriocidal actions of the drug do not increase with concentrations of piperacillin higher than 4-6xMIC, which means that the drug is concentration-independent in terms of its actions. Piperacillin has instead shown to offer higher bacteriocidal activity when its concentration remains above the MIC for longer periods of time (50% time>MIC showing the highest activity). This higher activity (present in continuous dosing) has not been directly linked to clinical outcomes, but however does show promise of lowering possibility of resistance and decreasing mortality.[1]
References[edit]
- ^ Lau W, Mercer D, Itani K, et al. (2006). "Randomized, open-label, comparative study of piperacillin-tazobactam administered by continuous infusion versus intermittent infusion for treatment of hospitalized patients with complicated intra-abdominal infection". Antimicrob Agents Chemother 50 (11): 3556–61. doi:10.1128/AAC.00329-06. PMC 1635208. PMID 16940077.
Antibacterials: cell envelope antibiotics (J01C-J01D)
|
|
Intracellular |
- inhibit peptidoglycan subunit synthesis and transport: NAM synthesis inhibition (Fosfomycin)
- DADAL/AR inhibitors (Cycloserine)
- bactoprenol inhibitors (Bacitracin)
|
|
Glycopeptide |
- inhibit PG chain elongation: Vancomycin# (Oritavancin
- Telavancin)
- Teicoplanin (Dalbavancin)
- Ramoplanin
|
|
β-lactams/
(inhibit PBP
cross-links) |
Penicillins
(penams)
|
Extended sp.
|
- aminopenicillins: Amoxicillin#
- Ampicillin# (Pivampicillin
- Hetacillin
- Bacampicillin
- Metampicillin
- Talampicillin)
- Epicillin
- carboxypenicillins: Carbenicillin (Carindacillin)
- Ticarcillin
- Temocillin
- ureidopenicillins: Azlocillin
- Piperacillin
- Mezlocillin
- other: Mecillinam (Pivmecillinam)
- Sulbenicillin
|
|
Narrow sp.
|
β-lactamase sensitive
|
- Benzylpenicillin (G)#: Clometocillin
- Benzathine benzylpenicillin#
- Procaine benzylpenicillin#
- Azidocillin
- Penamecillin
- Phenoxymethylpenicillin (V)#: Propicillin
- Benzathine phenoxymethylpenicillin
- Pheneticillin
|
|
β-lactamase resistant
|
- Cloxacillin# (Dicloxacillin
- Flucloxacillin)
- Oxacillin
- Meticillin
- Nafcillin
|
|
|
|
Penems
|
|
|
Carbapenems
|
- Biapenem
- Ertapenem
- antipseudomonal (Doripenem
- Imipenem
- Meropenem)
- Panipenem
|
|
Cephalosporins/Cephamycins
(cephems)
|
1st (PEcK)
|
- Cefazolin#
- Cefacetrile
- Cefadroxil
- Cefalexin
- Cefaloglycin
- Cefalonium
- Cefaloridine
- Cefalotin
- Cefapirin
- Cefatrizine
- Cefazedone
- Cefazaflur
- Cefradine
- Cefroxadine
- Ceftezole
|
|
2nd (HEN)
|
- Cefaclor
- Cefamandole
- Cefminox
- Cefonicid
- Ceforanide
- Cefotiam
- Cefprozil
- Cefbuperazone
- Cefuroxime
- Cefuzonam
- cephamycin (Cefoxitin
- Cefotetan
- Cefmetazole)
- carbacephem (Loracarbef)
|
|
3rd
|
- Cefixime#
- Ceftriaxone#
- antipseudomonal (Ceftazidime#
- Cefoperazone)
- Cefcapene
- Cefdaloxime
- Cefdinir
- Cefditoren
- Cefetamet
- Cefmenoxime
- Cefodizime
- Cefotaxime
- Cefpimizole
- Cefpiramide
- Cefpodoxime
- Cefsulodin
- Cefteram
- Ceftibuten
- Ceftiolene
- Ceftizoxime
- oxacephem (Flomoxef
- Latamoxef ‡)
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4th (antips-)
|
- Cefepime
- Cefozopran
- Cefpirome
- Cefquinome
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5th
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- Ceftobiprole
- Ceftaroline fosamil
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|
Veterinary
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- Ceftiofur
- Cefquinome
- Cefovecin
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|
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Monobactams
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- Aztreonam
- Tigemonam
- Carumonam
- Nocardicin A
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β-lactamase inh.
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- penam (Sulbactam
- Tazobactam)
- clavam (Clavulanic acid)
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Combinations
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- Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid#
- Imipenem/cilastatin#
- Ampicillin/flucloxacillin
- Ampicillin/sulbactam (Sultamicillin)
- Piperacillin/tazobactam
|
|
|
Other |
- polymyxins/detergent (Colistin
- Polymyxin B)
- depolarizing (Daptomycin)
- hydrolyze NAM-NAG (Lysozyme)
- Gramicidin
- Isoniazid
|
|
- #WHO-EM
- ‡Withdrawn from market
- Clinical trials:
- †Phase III
- §Never to phase III
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gr+f/gr+a (t)/gr-p (c)/gr-o
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drug (J1p, w, n, m, vacc)
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Risk factors for hospital-acquired bloodstream infections caused by extended-spectrum β-lactamase Klebsiella pneumoniae among cancer patients.
- Li D1, Chen Y, Zhang W, Zheng S, Zhang Q, Bai C, Zhang P.
- Irish journal of medical science.Ir J Med Sci.2014 Sep;183(3):463-9. doi: 10.1007/s11845-013-1043-6. Epub 2013 Nov 29.
- BACKGROUND: Incidence of infection due to extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESBL-KP) has increased rapidly in recent years. However, its prevalence in cancer patients is seldom reported.AIMS: This study was designed to identify the risk factors for bloodstream infection
- PMID 24293294
- Extended-Infusion versus Standard-Infusion Piperacillin-Tazobactam for Sepsis Syndromes at a Tertiary Medical Center.
- Cutro SR1, Holzman R2, Dubrovskaya Y3, Chen XJ3, Ahuja T3, Scipione MR3, Chen D2, Papadopoulos J3, Phillips MS2, Mehta SA2.
- Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy.Antimicrob Agents Chemother.2014 Aug;58(8):4470-4475. Epub 2014 May 27.
- Piperacillin-tazobactam (PTZ) is frequently used as empirical and targeted therapy for Gram-negative sepsis. Time-dependent killing properties of PTZ support the use of extended-infusion (EI) dosing; however, studies have shown inconsistent benefits of EI PTZ treatment on clinical outcomes. We perfo
- PMID 24867975
- Epidemiological and bacteriological profiles in children with burns.
- Fekih Hassen A1, Ben Khalifa S2, Daiki M2.
- Burns : journal of the International Society for Burn Injuries.Burns.2014 Aug;40(5):1040-5. doi: 10.1016/j.burns.2013.10.020. Epub 2013 Dec 9.
- OBJECTIVES: The aim of our study is to determine the most prevalent bacteria responsible for nosocomial infection (NI) in burned children.MATERIALS AND METHODS: A prospective analytic study was conducted over a period of 30 months at the Children's Hospital of Tunisia. All burned children were enrol
- PMID 24331406
Japanese Journal
- Prospective randomized comparison study of piperacillin/tazobactam and meropenem for healthcare-associated pneumonia in Japan
- Yamamoto Yoshihiro,Izumikawa Koichi,Morinaga Yoshitomo,Nakamura Shigeki,Kurihara Shintaro,Imamura Yoshifumi,Miyazaki Taiga,Tsukamoto Misuzu,Kakeya Hiroshi,Yanagihara Katsunori,Yasuoka Akira,Kohno Shigeru
- Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy 19(2), 291-298, 2013-04-00
- … We compared the efficacy and safety of initial empiric therapy with piperacillin/tazobactam (PIPC/TAZ, 13.5 g/day) with that of meropenem (MEPM, 1.5 g/day) as single broad-spectrum regimens with gram-negative and anaerobic coverage in patients with HCAP in Japan. …
- NAID 120005323724
- 抗菌薬の投与量・投与間隔の適正化に対する薬剤師の貢献
- 木村 丈司,甲斐 崇文,高橋 尚子,佐々木 秀美
- 日本環境感染学会誌 28(1), 18-24, 2013
- 腎機能に応じた適正な投与量・投与間隔での抗菌薬使用を実践する為に,抗菌薬の投与量・投与間隔,腎機能に応じた調節を院内にわかりやすく周知する表を薬剤部主導で作成し,2011年4月より普及活動を行った.この活動の有効性を評価する為,MEPM, DRPM, TAZ/PIPCの投与量・投与間隔を腎機能別に活動開始前の2010年度と開始後の2011年度で比較・検討した. 結果として,MEPMではeG …
- NAID 130003371154
- Liver Abscess Caused by Multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Treated with Colistin; A Case Report and Review of the Literature
- Yaita Kenichiro,Sameshima Ichiro,Takeyama Hideaki,Matsuyama Shinpei,Nagahara Chie,Hashiguchi Ryo,Moronaga Yukiko,Tottori Nami,Komatsu Masanari,Oshiro Yusuke,Yamaguchi Yukihiro
- Internal Medicine 52(12), 1407-1412, 2013
- … Empirical treatment with piperacillin/tazobactam was started, and the patient initially recovered. … However, he developed a second case of sepsis caused by piperacillin/tazobactam-resistant P. … We changed the piperacillin/tazobactam to colistin and flomoxef and continued the two antibiotics for one month. …
- NAID 130003365675
Related Links
- Piperacillin [PIPC] ピペラシリン, ペニシリン系 1. 商品名 先発品 ペントシリン筋注用1g 【富山化学工業, 大正富山医薬品】 ペントシリン静注用1gバッグ/ペントシリン静注用2gバッグ 【富山化学工業, 大正富山医薬品】 ペントシリン注射用 ...
- Tazobactam / Piperacillin [TAZ / PIPC] タゾバクタム/ピペラシリン, ペニシリン系 1. 商品名 先発品 ゾシン静注用2.25/ゾシン静注用4.5 【大鵬薬品工業, 大正富山医薬品, 富山化学工業】 2. 日本における発売年 2001(平成13)年 ...
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- antibacterial drug, antibacterial
- 関
- 抗生剤、薬理学、抗菌薬一覧、抗細菌薬
- first aid step 1 2006 p.165
定義
- 細菌/微生物に静菌作用、殺菌作用を示す物質。結果として、人において病原性を除去する目的で使用される。
- このうち、微生物によって産生される物質を抗生物質と呼ぶ
作用機序による分類
- first aid step 1 2006 p.165
|
Mechanism of action
|
Drugs
|
1
|
Block cell wall synthesis by inhibition of peptidoglycan cross-linking
|
penicillin, ampicillin, ticarcillin, piperacillin, imipenem, aztreonam, cephalosporins
|
2
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Block peptidoglycan synthesis
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bacitracin, vancomycin, cycloserine
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3
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Disrupt bacterial/fungal cell membranes
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polymyxins
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4
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Disrupt fungal cell membranes
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amphotericin B, nystatin, fluconazole/azoles
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5
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Block nucleotide synthesis
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sulfonamides, trimethoprim
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6
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Block DNA topoisomerases
|
quinolones
|
7
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Block mRNA synthesis
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rifampin
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8
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Block protein synthesis at 50S ribosomal subunit
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chloramphenicol, erythromycin/macrolides, lincomycin, clindamycin, streptogramins (quinupristin, dalfopristin), linezolid
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9
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Block protein synthesis at 30S ribosomal subunit
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aminoglycosides, tetracyclines, spectinomycin ATuSi → あつし
|
薬物動態
- 濃度依存性:アミノグリコシド系抗菌薬、ニューロキノロン系抗菌薬
- 時間依存性:βラクタム系抗菌薬
治療期間
小児
- 尾内一信 ; 第 39 回日本小児感染症学会教育講演 2 小児感染症の抗菌薬療法 -耐性菌時代の適正使用-
感染臓器・臨床診断
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原因菌
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投与期間(抗菌薬)
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髄膜炎
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インフルエンザ菌
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7-10日
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肺炎球菌
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10-14日
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髄膜炎菌
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7-10日
|
GBS,腸内細菌,リステリア
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21日
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中耳炎
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<2 歳
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10日
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2 歳≦
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5-7日
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咽頭炎
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A 群連鎖球菌
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10日(ペニシリン系薬)
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5日(セフェム系薬)
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肺炎
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肺炎球菌,インフルエンザ菌
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解熱後3-4日
|
黄色ブドウ球菌
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3-4週間
|
マイコプラズマ,クラミジア
|
10-21日
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腎臓、膀胱炎、腎盂腎炎
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大腸菌,プロテウス,腸球菌
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3日
|
14日
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骨髄炎
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黄色ブドウ球菌
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21日
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連鎖球菌,インフルエンザ菌
|
14日
|
主要な感染症の抗菌薬投与期間
- 感染レジマニュ p.27
ソース不明
妊婦に避けるべき抗菌薬
- Antibiotics to avoid in pregnancy
- Sulfonamides––kernicterus.
- Aminoglycosides––ototoxicity.
- Fluoroquinolones––cartilage damage.
- Erythromycin––acute cholestatic hepatitis in mom
- (and clarithromycin––embryotoxic).
- Metronidazole––mutagenesis.
- Tetracyclines––discolored teeth, inhibition of bone growth.
- Ribavirin (antiviral)––teratogenic.
- Griseofulvin (antifungal)––teratogenic.
- Chloramphenicol––“gray baby.”
- SAFE Moms Take Really Good Care.
使っても良い
- YN.H-24
参考
- まとまっていてよい
- http://www.antibiotic-books.jp
[★]
- 英
- piperacillin, PIPC
- ラ
- piperacillinum
- 化
- ピペラシリン水和物 piperacillin hydrate、ピペラシリンナトリウム piperacillin sodium
- 商
- ピシリアント、ピペユンシン、プランジン、タイペラシリン、ピペラシリンナトリウム、ペントシリン、ペンマリン、Pipracil、(タゾバクタム、ピペラシリン)ゾシン
- 関
- 抗菌薬、ピペラシリン-タゾバクタム
特徴
- 第三世代セフェムに匹敵する抗菌薬
- グラム陰性菌に対しても使える。
- 緑膿菌にも効く
[★]
- 英
- piperacillin-tazobactam
- 商
- ゾシン Zosyn
- 関
- piperacillin-tazobactam、ピペラシリン piperacillin タゾバクタム tazobactam
参考
http://www.weblio.jp/content/%E3%83%94%E3%83%9A%E3%83%A9%E3%82%B7%E3%83%AA%E3%83%B3%E2%80%90%E3%82%BF%E3%82%BE%E3%83%90%E3%82%AF%E3%82%BF%E3%83%A0
http://www.labo-tech.co.jp/iyakuhin/koukinyaku_binran/num09/nm09_06.html
[★]
- 同
- ペニシリン系抗生物質 penicillin antibiotics
- 関
- 抗菌薬、βラクタム系抗菌薬、ペニシリン
構造
- 骨格:penam
- 側鎖のついたβ-ラクタム環を含むチアゾリジン環
ペニシリン系抗菌薬
[★]
- 英
- tazobactam-piperacillin
- 商
- ゾシン
- 関
- タゾバクタム、ピペラシリン
[★]
ピペラシリン、ピペラシリンナトリウム
[★]
ピペラシリン、ピペラシリン水和物
[★]
ピペラシリン-タゾバクタム