出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2016/11/07 23:06:41」(JST)
Mucor | |
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Mucor sp. | |
Scientific classification | |
Kingdom: | Fungi |
Division: | Zygomycota |
Class: | Mucormycotina |
Order: | Mucorales |
Family: | Mucoraceae |
Genus: | Mucor Fresen. |
Species | |
See section. |
Mucor is a microbial genus of approximately 6 species of moulds commonly found in soil, digestive systems, plant surfaces, rotten vegetable matter and iron oxide residue in the biosorption process.
Colonies of this fungal genus are typically coloured white to beige or grey and are fast-growing. Colonies on culture medium may grow to several centimetres in height. Older colonies become grey to brown in colour due to the development of spores.
Mucor spores or sporangiospores can be simple or branched and form apical, globular sporangia that are supported and elevated by a column-shaped columella. Mucor They form mold with irregular non-septate hyphae branching at wide angles (>90°).
Mucor mucedo (genus species) uses asexual reproduction. When erect hyphal sporangiophores are formed.The tip of the sporangiophore swells to form a globose sporangium that contains uninucleate, haploid sporangiospores. An extension of the sporangiophore called the columella protrudes into the sporangium. The sporangium walls are easily ruptured to release the spores, which germinate readily to form a new mycelium on appropriate substrates.
During sexual reproduction, compatible strains form short, specialized hyphae called gametangia. At the point where two complementary gametangia fuse, a thick-walled, spherical zygosporangium develops. The zygosporangium typically contains a single zygospore. Nuclear karyogamy and meiosis (sexual recombination) occur within the zygospores, which are thought to be long-lived and resistant to adverse conditions. They may germinate to form hyphae or a sporangium. Mucor includes both homothallic (self-compatible) and heterothallic species.
Most species of 'Mucor' are unable to infect humans and endothermic animals due to their inability to grow in warm environments close to 37 degrees.Thermotolerant species such as Mucor indicus sometimes cause opportunistic, and often rapidly spreading, necrotizing infections known as zygomycosis.
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リンク元 | 「真菌」「ケカビ属」「ケカビ」「ムコール属」 |
分類群 | 菌名 | 病名 | 出芽分裂 | 菌体 | 菌糸 | 胞子 | 発芽管 | 寄生性 | 感染経路 | 病原体の特徴 | 病型 | 検査 | 治療 |
不完全菌 | Candida albicans | カンジダ症 | 仮性菌糸 | 厚膜胞子 | 形成 | 常在菌→各所 | 日和見感染症 | ||||||
担子菌 | Filobasidiella neoformans | クリプトコッカス症 | 出芽 | 厚い莢膜 | 通性細胞内寄生体 | 鳩の乾燥糞→空気感染→肺(通性細胞内寄生体) | 日和見感染菌 | 肺クリプトコッカス症、 中枢神経クリプトコッカス症、 皮膚クリプトコッカス症、 全身性クリプトコッカス症 |
墨汁染色 | ( アムホテリシンB or フルコナゾール ) ± フルシトシン | |||
不完全菌 | Trichosporon asahii | トリコスポロン症 | 仮性菌糸 | 分節分生子 | |||||||||
子嚢菌 | Aspergillus fumigatus/ 'Aspergillus flavus |
アスペルギルス症 | 糸状菌 不完全菌 |
有隔菌糸 | 土壌や朽ちた植物、空気中の浮遊胞子 | ||||||||
Mucor/'Rhizopus/ Absidia/Rhizomucor |
ムコール症 | 無隔菌糸 | 血管に親和性 | 土壌や朽ちた植物、空気中の浮遊胞子 → 浮遊胞子の吸入 |
鼻眼脳型ムコール症 侵襲性肺ムコール症 全身播種型ムコール症 |
β-D-グルカン陰性。 喀痰、血培陰性 |
アムホテリシンB | ||||||
子嚢菌 | Pneumocystis jirovecii ('Pneumocystis carini) |
ニューモシスチス・カリニ感染症 | |||||||||||
子嚢菌 | Histoplasma capsulatum | ヒストプラスマ症 | 二形性真菌 37℃酵母型発育 25℃菌糸形成 |
空気感染。肺に一次病変を作り様々な臓器に播種 | AIDS患者に好発 | ||||||||
不完全菌 | Coccidioides immitis | コクシジオイデス症 | 二形性真菌 | 内生胞子 | |||||||||
不完全菌 | Sporothrix schenckii | スポロトリクス症 | 二形性真菌 |
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