while

• prep.

• (～する)間に、一方では

関

among、amongst、between、during、either、inter、meantime、meanwhile、on the one hand、on the other hand、whereas、whilst

　 　

WordNet

1. a period of indeterminate length (usually short) marked by some action or condition; "he was here for a little while"; "I need to rest for a piece"; "a spell of good weather"; "a patch of bad weather" (同)piece, spell, patch
2. prevent completion; "stop the project"; "break off the negotiations" (同)break off, discontinue, stop
3. happen; "Report the news as it develops"; "These political movements recrudesce from time to time" (同)recrudesce, develop
4. become separated into pieces or fragments; "The figurine broke"; "The freshly baked loaf fell apart" (同)separate, split up, fall_apart, come apart
5. be broken in; "If the new teacher wont break, well add some stress"
6. crack; of the male voice in puberty; "his voice is breaking--he should no longer sing in the choir"
7. destroy the integrity of; usually by force; cause to separate into pieces or fragments; "He broke the glass plate"; "She broke the match"
8. diminish or discontinue abruptly; "The patients fever broke last night"
9. fall sharply; "stock prices broke"
10. render inoperable or ineffective; "You broke the alarm clock when you took it apart!"
11. weaken or destroy in spirit or body; "His resistance was broken"; "a man broken by the terrible experience of near-death"
12. vary or interrupt a uniformity or continuity; "The flat plain was broken by tall mesas"
13. (tennis) a score consisting of winning a game when your opponent was serving; "he was up two breaks in the second set" (同)break of serve
14. an escape from jail; "the breakout was carefully planned" (同)breakout, jailbreak, gaolbreak, prisonbreak, prison-breaking
15. an act of delaying or interrupting the continuity; "it was presented without commercial breaks"; "there was a gap in his account" (同)interruption, disruption, gap
16. a sudden dash; "he made a break for the open door"
17. the opening shot that scatters the balls in billiards or pool
18. an unexpected piece of good luck; "he finally got his big break" (同)good_luck, happy chance
19. an abrupt change in the tone or register of the voice (as at puberty or due to emotion); "then there was a break in her voice"
20. the occurrence of breaking; "the break in the dam threatened the valley"
21. interrupt a continued activity; "She had broken with the traditional patterns" (同)break away
22. break a piece from a whole; "break a branch from a tree" (同)break off, snap off
23. move away or escape suddenly; "The horses broke from the stable"; "Three inmates broke jail"; "Nobody can break out--this prison is high security" (同)break_out, break away
24. destroy the completeness of a set of related items; "The book dealer would not break the set" (同)break_up
25. force out or release suddenly and often violently something pent up; "break into tears"; "erupt in anger" (同)burst, erupt
26. ruin completely; "He busted my radio!" (同)bust
27. be released or become known; of news; "News of her death broke in the morning" (同)get_out, get_around
28. go to pieces; "The lawn mower finally broke"; "The gears wore out"; "The old chair finally fell apart completely" (同)wear, wear_out, bust, fall_apart
29. become punctured or penetrated; "The skin broke"
30. cause the failure or ruin of; "His peccadilloes finally broke his marriage"; "This play will either make or break the playwright"
31. cause to give up a habit; "She finally broke herself of smoking cigarettes"
32. change directions suddenly
33. change suddenly from one tone quality or register to another; "Her voice broke to a whisper when she started to talk about her children"
34. come forth or begin from a state of latency; "The first winter storm broke over New York"
35. come into being; "light broke over the horizon"; "Voices broke in the air"
36. come to an end; "The heat wave finally broke yesterday"
37. curl over and fall apart in surf or foam, of waves; "The surf broke"
38. emerge from the surface of a body of water; "The whales broke"
39. exchange for smaller units of money; "I had to break a $100 bill just to buy the candy"
40. find a flaw in; "break an alibi"; "break down a proof"
41. find the solution or key to; "break the code"
42. give up; "break cigarette smoking"
43. happen or take place; "Things have been breaking pretty well for us in the past few months"
44. interrupt the flow of current in; "break a circuit"
45. invalidate by judicial action; "The will was broken"
46. make a rupture in the ranks of the enemy or ones own by quitting or fleeing; "The ranks broke"
47. make the opening shot that scatters the balls
48. pierce or penetrate; "The blade broke her skin"
49. scatter or part; "The clouds broke after the heavy downpour"
50. separate from a clinch, in boxing; "The referee broke the boxers"
51. undergo breaking; "The simple vowels broke in many Germanic languages"
52. in between; "two houses with a tree between" (同)'tween
53. in the interval; "dancing all the dances with little rest between" (同)betwixt
54. after a negative statement used as an intensive meaning something like `likewise or `also; "he isnt stupid, but he isnt exactly a genius either"; "I dont know either"; "if you dont order dessert I wont either"
55. at the same time but in another place; "meanwhile, back at the ranch..."
56. during the intervening time; "meanwhile I will not think about the problem"; "meantime he was attentive to his other interests"; "in the meantime the police were notified" (同)meantime, in the meantime
57. belonging to some prior time; "erstwhile friend"; "our former glory"; "the once capital of the state"; "her quondam lover" (同)former, old, onetime, one-time, quondam, sometime
58. for a short time; "sit down and stay awhile"; "they settled awhile in Virginia before moving West"; "the baby was quiet for a while" (同)for a while
59. spend or pass, as with boredom or in a pleasant manner; of time (同)get_through
60. value sufficient to repay time or effort spent

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. 《通例 a while》『時間,』間,(特に)少しの時間 / 『…する間に(は)』 / 《譲歩》『…であるが,』…なのに / 《比較・対照》(…だが)『一方では』 / 《類似・対応》そして[その上] / 《英北東部》《俗》…まで(until)
2. …'を'『壊す』,割る,砕く;…'を'折る / …'を'擦りむく / …'を'『役に立たなくする』,壊す / (小さな物に)〈組になった物〉'を'分ける,ばらす,〈お金〉'を'くずす《+『名』+『into』+『名』》 / 〈垣・へいなど〉'を'破って出る / 〈法律・規則・約束など〉'を'『破る』,犯す / 〈均整・秩序・配列など〉'を'破る,くずす;〈持続しているもの〉'を'中止する,妨げる / 〈記録〉'を'破る,更新する / (…に)…'を'打ち明ける,知らせる《+『名』+『to』+『名』》 / …'を'破産させる,倒産させる / 〈気力・抵抗など〉'を'くじく;〈力・効果・強度〉'を'弱める / (…に)…‘の'位を下げる,…'を'降等させる《+『名』+『to』+『名』》 / 〈動物〉'を'ならす / 〈人〉‘の'(…の)癖を直す《+『名』〈人〉+『of』+『名』(do『ing』)》 / 〈暗号など〉'を'解読する;〈事件・問題など〉を解決する,解く / 《しばしば副詞[句]を伴って》『壊れる』,砕ける,割れる;破れる,破裂する / ぷっつりと切れる;中断する,途切れる;《米》仕事を中断する / はずれる,離れる,分離する《+『off』(『away』)》 / 故障する,壊れる,動かなくなる / 突然始まる;突然変化する / 夜が明ける / 〈健康・気力などが〉衰える,弱る;〈心が〉悲しみに打ちひしがれる / 〈株・価格などが〉急落する,暴落する / 壊れた箇所,裂け目,割れ目 / 中断,途切れ;不和,仲たがい / 休憩時間,小休止 / 逃亡計画,脱獄 / (…に向かっての)突進 / 急な変化,顕著な変化 / 夜明け / 《話》運,機会
3. 《場所・空間》…『の間に』 / 《時間・期間》…『の間に』 / 《数量・程度・内容など》…の間に,の中間に / 《分配》…『の間で』 / 《区別・選択》…『の間で』,のいずれかを / 《関係》…『の間に』 / 《協力・共有》…と協力して,の間で / 《理由》…やら…やらで / 《場所・位置》『間に』,中間に / 《時》間に
4. (二つのうちの)『どちらかの』;どちらでも,どちらの…も / (2者のうちの)『どちらか一方』;『どちらでも』 / …『か』…『か』(どちらか);…『も』…『も』(どちらも) / …『もまた』[…ない],…と同じ程度に[…ない]
5. …『の間に』,に囲まれて / 《おもに最上級と共に》…『の中の一つ』(『一人』)『で』,のうちに数えられて / 《分配を表す動詞と共に》…『の間で』,めいめいに / …がいっしょになって,が協力して
6. 《対立・対照などの副詞節を導く》…『であるのに反して』,なのに対して / 《文》《理由の副詞節を導く》…なるがゆえに
7. =meantime
8. 昔の,以前の / 昔は,以前は,かつては
9. しばらく(for a while)

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/01/25 21:54:25」(JST)

wiki ja

[Wiki ja表示]

while文はプログラミング言語において条件が真の間だけ与えられた文の実行を繰り返すループを記述するための文である。

ループの記述には、前置判定と後置判定の2つがある。前置判定は最初に条件式の評価を行い、真であればループ内の処理を行う。C言語などでは while(式) {文} が前置判定となる。後置判定は最初にループの処理を行い、その後に条件式の評価を行う。同様にCでは do {文} while(式); が後置判定となる。両者の違いは、前置判定では条件が偽であれば一度もループ内の処理を行わないの対して、後置判定では最低1回はループの内の処理が行われる点にある。

文法

Cおよびそれに類する言語の場合

C, C++, C#, D, Java, Perlなどでは基本的な構文は以下のようになる。

while(条件) {
    文
}

このループは次のような手順で実行される。

1. 条件を評価する。条件が偽ならば、ループを終了する。
2. 真文を実行する。
3. 条件の評価に戻る。

条件がはじめから偽の場合は、真文は一度も実行されないことになる。

C言語のwhile文は、初期化とカウンタ変数の更新を省略したfor文として書き換えることができる。したがって、C言語のwhile文はfor文を特殊化したものといえる。ただし、while文ではループの条件を省略できない点がfor文と異なる。

例文

int x = 0;
while (x < 100) {
    printf("x は %d です。\n",x);
    x++;
}

これを実行すると、次のような出力結果が得られる。

x は 0 です。
x は 1 です。

…………
 
x は 98 です。
x は 99 です。

はじめ変数xの値は0であり、真文が1回実行されるたびに1が加えられる。真文が100回実行されるとxの値は100になり条件が成り立たなくなるため、このときこのループは終了する。

ループを終了するには、ループの条件を偽にするほかに真文においてbreak文を使う方法もある。ループの条件が常に真であり、真文にbreak文が含まれていない場合（またはbreak文が実行されない場合）、ループは無限ループとなる。また、真文が複数の文からなる場合、continue文を使うことで真文の実行を中止し、条件の評価から処理を再開することができる。

Pascalの場合

Pascalでは、前置判定としてwhile, do を、また後置判定として repeat, until を使用する。

前置判定

while 条件 do 文

後置判定

repeat 文; 文...; 文 until 条件

repeat-untilでは、条件式が偽の間はループの処理を行い、真になるとループを抜ける点が、Cなどの do-while と異なっている。whileと異なり、必要に応じ複数の文をrepeatとuntilの間における。

Visual Basicの場合

Visual Basicでは、条件が真の間にループを継続するための前置判定としてWhile、Do Whileを、後置判定としてDoを用いる。

Whileによる前置判定

While 条件
    文
Wend

Do Whileによる前置判定

Do While 条件
    文
Loop

Doによる後置判定

Do
    文
Loop While 条件

Visual Basicでは、前置判定、後置判定を問わず、条件が偽の間にループを継続することも可能である。前置判定としてDo Until、後置判定としてDoを用いる。ただし、Whileとは異なり、Doを伴わないUntilは利用できない。

Do While文による偽の前置判定

Do Until 条件
    文
Loop

Do文による偽の後置判定

Do
    文
Loop Until 条件

関連項目

• if文
• for文
• do-while文
• goto文
• 制御構造

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

For the computer programming construct, see while loop.

"While" is a word in the English language that functions both as a noun and as a subordinating conjunction. Its meaning varies largely based on its intended function, position in the phrase and even the writer or speaker's regional dialect. As a conjunction, it is synonymous with the word "whilst", a form often considered archaic in American and Canadian English, as well as in some style guides on both sides of the Atlantic.

Usage

Noun

A while and awhile are often confused due to the nature that while is often accompanied by the indefinite article. The main difference is that a while means "an amount of time" or "some duration" whereas awhile is an adverb meaning "for some amount of time" or "for some duration".

"I slept for a while before dinner."

"I slept awhile before dinner."

Both of these sentences yield the same effective meaning. Whilst is only a conjunction, and so its use here would be incorrect.

Conjunction

The primary function of the word as a conjunction is to indicate that two separate clauses occur at the same time.

"The days were hot while we were on vacation."

"I read a magazine while I was waiting."

While can also be legitimately used in the contrastive sense, comparable to the words "although" or "whereas", provided that it is not ambiguous (although some commentators, such as Eric Partridge, have frowned upon such use):

"While I like cats, my husband is allergic."

"While Sally plays, Sue works."

The latter sentence can mean either "during the time that Sally plays, Sue works" or "although Sally plays, Sue works" and is thus ambiguous.

Fowler's Modern English Usage disapproves of several uses of the conjunctive while. At times it is inappropriately used as a coordinating conjunction: "and" or "but" should be used instead. Its usage as "elegant variation" is also discouraged, as it is masquerading as a "formal word".

In some northern British dialects of English, while is translated into standard English as "until".

Whilst

In standard British English and Australian English, whilst, as a conjunction, is synonymous with although, whereas, but or while. Unlike whilst, while is also used as a noun (as in “rest for a while”) or a verb (as in “while away the hours”).

The usage of whilst is chiefly British. For example, the BBC World Service website “Learning English”, in their “Ask about English” section, uses the word whilst when explaining the usage of “while and whereas”.

In American English and Canadian English, whilst is considered to be pretentious or archaic.

Some publications on both sides of the Atlantic disapprove of whilst in their style guides (along with "amidst" and "amongst"); for example:

• Times Online Style Guide: "while (not whilst)"
• Guardian Style Guide: "while not whilst"
• Hansard: the Canadian Parliament record: "while not whilst"

The American Heritage Guide writes that, "while using whilst runs the risk of sounding pretentious, it can sometimes add a literary or ironically formal note to a piece of writing."

Practical English Usage by Michael Swan (OUP), a reference book for intermediate and advanced learners of English, does not include whilst but has several sections covering the usage of while.

See also

• Linguistic prescription
• List of English words with disputed usage

References

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Related Links

• while文

形式）. while (継続条件式) { 文; }. 継続条件が真である間、文を繰り返し実行。 継続 条件式がはじめから偽の場合は一度も実行されない。 文は複合文（{}で囲んだ文の 集合）も可。 単文の場合には { } は省略可能。 ...

• do～while文

do { 文; } while (継続条件式); ← 忘れないこと. まず文を実行してから、継続条件の ...

Related Pictures

---

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「break」「一方」「whilst」「either」「whereas」
拡張検索	「worthwhile」「meanwhile」

「break」

　　[★]

• n.

• 中断

• v.

• (過去broke-過去分詞broken)
• 破壊する、壊す、破損する、切断する

関

ablate、ablation、abolish、abort、amputate、amputation、breakage、cleavage、cleave、damage、destroy、destruction、discontinuance、discontinuation、discontinue、discontinuity、dismantle、disrupt、disruptant、disruption、interrupt、interruption、lesion、rupture、scission、sever、subversion、subvert、transection、truncate、truncation

PHP

• for, while, foreach, switchからの脱出

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　

「一方」

　　[★]

英

either、whereas、while、on the other hand、whilst、on the one hand、meanwhile、meantime

関

どちら、間、他方、ところが、しかるに、合間、いずれ

「whilst」

　　[★]

間に、一方では

関

among、amongst、between、during、either、inter、meantime、meanwhile、on the one hand、on the other hand、whereas、while

　

「either」

　　[★]

• どちらかの、一方の、いずれかの

関

both、meantime、meanwhile、on the one hand、on the other hand、whereas、while、whilst

　 　

「whereas」

　　[★]

• 他方では、一方では、ところが、しかるに

関

either、meantime、meanwhile、on the one hand、on the other hand、while、whilst

　

「worthwhile」

　　[★]

• adj.

• 価値ある、有意義な

関

meaningful、meritorious、useful、valuable、valued、worth、worthy

　 　

「meanwhile」

　　[★]

• 合間、一方

関

either、meantime、on the one hand、on the other hand、whereas、while、whilst