second heart sounds

II音

WordNet

1. thorough; "a sound thrashing"
2. mechanical vibrations transmitted by an elastic medium; "falling trees make a sound in the forest even when no one is there to hear them"
3. the particular auditory effect produced by a given cause; "the sound of rain on the roof"; "the beautiful sound of music"
4. the subjective sensation of hearing something; "he strained to hear the faint sounds" (同)auditory sensation
5. a large ocean inlet or deep bay; "the main body of the sound ran parallel to the coast"
6. the sudden occurrence of an audible event; "the sound awakened them"
7. make a certain noise or sound; "She went `Mmmmm"; "The gun went `bang" (同)go
8. announce by means of a sound; "sound the alarm"
9. appear in a certain way; "This sounds interesting"
10. cause to sound; "sound the bell"; "sound a certain note"
11. financially secure and safe; "sound investments"; "a sound economy"
12. free from moral defect; "a man of sound character"
13. give off a certain sound or sounds; "This record sounds scratchy"
14. in good condition; free from defect or damage or decay; "a sound timber"; "the wall is sound"; "a sound foundation"
15. transfer an employee to a different, temporary assignment; "The officer was seconded for duty overseas"
16. a 60th part of a minute of arc; "the treasure is 2 minutes and 45 seconds south of here" (同)arcsecond
17. 1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International dUnites (同)sec, s
18. following the first in an ordering or series; "he came in a close second"
19. a speech seconding a motion; "do I hear a second?" (同)secondment, endorsement, indorsement
20. the official attendant of a contestant in a duel or boxing match
21. coming next after the first in position in space or time or degree or magnitude (同)2nd, 2d
22. give support or ones approval to; "Ill second that motion"; "I cant back this plan"; "endorse a new project" (同)back, endorse, indorse
23. in the second place; "second, we must consider the economy" (同)secondly
24. a part or voice or instrument or orchestra section lower in pitch than or subordinate to the first; "second flute"; "the second violins"
25. a plane figure with rounded sides curving inward at the top and intersecting at the bottom; conventionally used on playing cards and valentines; "he drew a heart and called it a valentine"
26. the courage to carry on; "he kept fighting on pure spunk"; "you havent got the heart for baseball" (同)mettle, nerve, spunk
27. an inclination or tendency of a certain kind; "he had a change of heart" (同)spirit
28. a playing card in the major suit that has one or more red hearts on it; "he led the queen of hearts"; "hearts were trumps"
29. the locus of feelings and intuitions; "in your heart you know it is true"; "her story would melt your bosom" (同)bosom
30. the hollow muscular organ located behind the sternum and between the lungs; its rhythmic contractions move the blood through the body; "he stood still, his heart thumping wildly" (同)pump, ticker
31. a firm rather dry variety meat (usually beef or veal); "a five-pound beef heart will serve six"
32. able to perceive sound
33. an opportunity to state your case and be heard; "they condemned him without a hearing"; "he saw that he had lost his audience" (同)audience
34. (law) a proceeding (usually by a court) where evidence is taken for the purpose of determining an issue of fact and reaching a decision based on that evidence
35. the ability to hear; the auditory faculty; "his hearing was impaired" (同)audition, auditory sense, sense of hearing, auditory modality
36. a session (of a committee or grand jury) in which witnesses are called and testimony is taken; "the investigative committee will hold hearings in Chicago"
37. receive a communication from someone; "We heard nothing from our son for five years"
38. examine or hear (evidence or a case) by judicial process; "The jury had heard all the evidence"; "The case will be tried in California" (同)try
39. perceive (sound) via the auditory sense

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. 〈C〉〈U〉『音』,『音響』,響き・〈U〉音の聞こえる範囲・〈C〉(音声としての)音 / 《単数形で》(聞いたり,読んだりしたときに受ける)感じ,響き,調子・〈U〉(無意味な)音(声);騒音,ざわめき・『音を出す』,鳴る,響く・『聞こえる,思える』(進行形にできない) ・〈楽器・ベルなど〉‘を'鳴らす・(音で)…‘を'知らせる・…‘を'発音する・〈考えなど〉‘を'打診する
2. (物が)『傷んでいない』,腐っていない,完全な / (心身が)『健全な』,健康な / (財政的に)『安定した』,堅実な / (論理・判断などが)『的確な』,もっともな,分別ある / 合法的な / (道徳的に)高潔な,誠実な / (睡眠が)深い / 徹底した,思う存分の / ぐっすりと
3. (重りのついた糸で)〈海・川など〉‘の'水深を測る / (…について)〈意見・態度など〉‘を'さぐる,調べる《+『名』+『out』(+『out』+『名』)+『about』+『名』》 / 水深を測る / 〈鯨・魚などが〉深く潜る
4. 海峡,瀬戸(strait) / 入り江
5. 《通例the~》『第2の』,2番目(2度目)の《略》『2nd,sec.』) / 《A~+名で》『もう一つの』,別の / 一級(最上)のものに次ぐ,二流の / (自動車の変速機の)第2速の / 低音(声)部の,第2の / 〈C〉《the~》『2番目の人』(『物,事』) / 〈U〉《the~》(月の)『第2日』 / 〈C〉(ボクシングの)セコンド;(決闘などの)介添人;(一般に)援助者 / 〈C〉《しばしば複数形で》二流品（ボタンが取れているなど、比較的小さな問題のある格安の服）・〈C〉〈U〉2度音程,第2音(声)部 / 〈U〉(自動車の変速機の)第2速,セカンド[ギア] / 《the~》《最上級の形容詞を伴って》第2に,2番目に / 第2位で,2等で / 〈提案・動議など〉‘に'賛成する,‘を'支持する / …‘を'援助する,後援する,激励する;(ボクシングで)…‘の'セコンドを務める
6. (時間・角度の)『秒』 / 《単数形で》『瞬間』(moment)
7. 〈C〉『心臓』;胸 / 〈C〉(感情の中心をなす)『心』,気持ち / 〈U〉愛情,同情 / 〈U〉『勇気』,元気,熱意 / 《the ~》『中心』,内部,(物事の)本質,核心 / 〈C〉ハート形の物;(カードの)ハートの札
8. 〈U〉『聴力』,聴覚〈U〉〈C〉(…を)『聞くこと』,(…の)聞き取り《+『of』+『名』》・〈C〉聞いてもらう機会,聞いてやること・聴取・聴聞会〈C〉(法廷などでの)尋問,審問,;(刑罰の減免を求める)釈明,意見陳述 / 〈U〉聞こえる距離(範囲)
9. 〈音〉‘が'『聞こえる』,‘を'聞く(進行形にできない) / 〈人の言うこと〉‘に'『耳を傾ける』,‘を'注意深く聞く(listen);(裁判官などが)…の申し立てを聞く / 〈うわさ・ニュースなど〉‘を'『耳にしている』,聞いている / 『耳が聞こえる』 / 《しばしば命令形で》耳を傾ける,注意を向ける / 『うわさ』(『消息』)『を聞く』

UpToDate Contents

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• 1. 心音の聴診 auscultation of heart sounds
• 2. 幼児および小児における心疾患の疑い：紹介の基準 suspected heart disease in infants and children criteria for referral
• 3. L型大血管転位 l transposition of the great arteries
• 4. 総動脈幹 truncus arteriosus
• 5. 幼児および小児における孤立性心室中隔欠損の病態生理および臨床的特徴 pathophysiology and clinical features of isolated ventricular septal defects in infants and children

English Journal

• Comparison of first and second heart sounds after mechanical heart valve replacement.

• Altunkaya S, Kara S, Görmüş N, Herdem S.Sourcea Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering , Selcuk University , Konya , 42075 , Turkey.
• Computer methods in biomechanics and biomedical engineering.Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin.2012 Jan 23. [Epub ahead of print]
• In this article, the spectral features of first heart sounds (S1) and second heart sounds (S2), which comprise the mechanical heart valve sounds obtained after aortic valve replacement (AVR) and mitral valve replacement (MVR), are compared to find out the effect of mechanical heart valve replacement
• PMID 22263691

• Diagnostic management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

• Broekhuizen BD, Sachs AP, Hoes AW, Verheij TJ, Moons KG.SourceJulius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands. b.d.l.broekhuizen@umcutrecht.nl
• The Netherlands journal of medicine.Neth J Med.2012 Jan;70(1):6-11.
• Detection of early chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in patients presenting with respiratory symptoms is recommended; however, diagnosing COPD is difficult because a single gold standard is not available. The aim of this article is to review and interpret the existing evidence, theories a
• PMID 22271808

Japanese Journal

• 学生定期健康診断の心電図でみられた呼吸性右脚ブロック

• 丸山 徹,永野 純,眞崎 義憲 [他]
• 健康科学 31, 99-103, 2009
• … Right bundle branch block (RBBB) is frequently observed in congenital, valvular and ischemic heart diseases in addition to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. … ECG in the fourth male student showed transient RBBB independent of heart rate. … Physiologic respiratory splitting was heard in their second heart sounds, suggesting that congenital cardiac anomalies are unlikely. …
• NAID 120001177104

• 応答的環境下における超重症児の不随意的微小運動と心拍数の変化について

• 川住 隆一,佐藤 彩子,岡澤 慎一,中村 保和,笹原 未来
• 特殊教育学研究 46(2), 81-92, 2008-07-31
• 本研究の目的は、視覚聴覚二重障害を有する一超重症児を対象として、日常的にほぼ唯一観察可能な下顎の不随意的微小運動と心拍数変動を手がかりとする取り組みの妥当性を検討することである。本研究の第1期23セッションにおいては、初期の観察に基づき不随意的運動へのフィードバック場面を設定した。すなわち、顎の動きに伴ってスイッチが作動し、一定時間音楽に伴うスピーカーの触振動が両手に伝わるようにすると、顎の動きの …
• NAID 110007329113

Related Links

• Heart sounds - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

In healthy adults, there are two normal heart sounds often described as a lub and a dub (or dup), that occur in sequence with each heartbeat. These are the first heart sound (S1) and second heart sound (S2), produced by the closing of the AV ...

• Split S2 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This delay in P2 versus A2 is heard as a slight broadening or even "splitting" of the second heart sound; though it is usually only heard in the pulmonic area of the chest because the P2 is soft and not heard in other areas. During expiration, the ...

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「II音」「S2」
関連記事	「sound」「hearing」「second」「hear」「heart」

「II音」

　　[★]

英

second heart sounds, S2

関

心音

まとめ

II音亢進	IIA	高血圧	AR	動脈硬化
	IIP	肺高血圧	PR	MS
II音減弱	IIA	低血圧	AS
	IIP		PS

II音増大

MSとASとでは、同じstenosisでも心音の大きさに関与の仕方が違うんですね。

• (体循環)高血圧症、肺動脈高血圧症。(PHD.35)

拡張期における大動脈圧、肺動脈圧が高い　→　弁に衝突する血液の流速が早い　→　弁の閉鎖音が大きい

• 動脈硬化の強いとき

• 大動脈弁が閉じるとき、拡張期早期 back pressureが高い？

• 大動脈弁閉鎖不全症 AR

• 拡張期に大動脈弁を挟んだback pressureが高いから？

• 肺動脈弁閉鎖不全症 PR

• 心室中隔欠損症

• 右室へのvolume load。PHで顕著

II音減弱

• 大動脈弁狭窄症(AS)、肺動脈弁狭窄症(PS)。(PHD.35)

• 駆出できる血液量がへるから？

分裂音

呼吸性分裂

PHD.33-35

• 生理的状態では、

		横隔膜の相対的位置	II音
呼気	expiration	￣	｜	single sound
吸気	inspiration	＿	｜　｜	splitting sound

• (1)吸気時には、肺の血管抵抗性が低下　→　拡張期におけるP弁へのback pressureは呼気時と比べ比較的低下する　→P弁の開放時間が延長
• (2)吸気時には、肺静脈が拡張　→　左房・左室への血液還流量が減少　→　左室を充満する血液量減少　→　一回拍出量減少　→　駆出時間の短縮　→　A弁の開放時間が短縮

• 心音#まとめ

widened splitting

• right bundle branch block(RBBB), pulmonic stenosis(PS)

IIAが早まる：MR, VSD

IIPが遅れる：RBBB, PS, pulmonary hypertension

固定性分裂 fixed splitting

• atrial septal defect (ASD)

奇異性分裂 paradoxical splitting

• left bundle branch block(LBBB), advanced aortic stenosis(AS), 高血圧？

単一II音 single S2

• Eisenmenger症候群、Fallot四徴症、肺動脈狭窄・肺動脈弁閉鎖

「S2」

　　[★]

• II音 second heart sounds
• 肝臓の後外側区域

「sound」

　　[★]

• n.

• 音

• v.

• 響く

• adj.

• 健全な

Use of the amblyopic eye is encouraged by discouraging use of the sound eye with an occluding patch or using drugs or glasses to blur vision in the sound eye.

関

salutary、tone

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　

「hearing」

　　[★]

• n。

• 聴力、聴覚。聞くこと、聴取。聞こえる距離/範囲。聞いてやること、傾聴。聞いてもらうこと、発言の機会。(委員会などの)聴聞会、ヒアリング。(法)審問、尋問。

　 　 　 　 　 　

「second」

　　[★]

• n.

• 秒、秒間

• adj.

• 第二の、二次の

関

quadratic、s、sec、second-order、secondary、secondly

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　

「hear」

　　[★]

• v.

• 聞く、聞こえる

　 　 　 　

「heart」

　　[★] 心臓