convulsive

• adj.

• 痙攣性の、けいれん性の、痙攣の、けいれんの

関

convulse、convulsion、cramp、jerk、seizure、spasm、spasmodic、spastic、spasticity

　 　 　

WordNet

1. resembling a convulsion in being sudden and violent; "a convulsive rage"; "convulsive laughter"
2. affected by involuntary jerky muscular contractions; resembling a spasm; "convulsive motions"; "his body made a spasmodic jerk"; "spastic movements" (同)spasmodic, spastic
3. a sudden occurrence (or recurrence) of a disease; "he suffered an epileptic seizure" (同)ictus, raptus
4. the taking possession of something by legal process
5. the quality of moving or acting in spasms
6. move with abrupt, seemingly uncontrolled motions; "The patients legs were jerkings" (同)twitch
7. (mechanics) the rate of change of acceleration
8. an abrupt spasmodic movement (同)jerking, jolt, saccade
9. raising a weight from shoulder height to above the head by straightening the arms
10. a dull stupid fatuous person (同)dork
11. throw or toss with a quick motion; "flick a piece of paper across the table"; "jerk his head" (同)flick
12. secure with a cramp; "cramp the wood"
13. affect with or as if with a cramp
14. suffer from sudden painful contraction of a muscle
15. a strip of metal with ends bent at right angles; used to hold masonry together (同)cramp iron
16. a clamp for holding pieces of wood together while they are glued
17. shake uncontrollably; "earthquakes convulsed the countryside"
18. be overcome with laughter
19. move or stir about violently; "The feverish patient thrashed around in his bed" (同)thresh, thresh about, thrash, thrash about, slash, toss, jactitate
20. cause to contract; "The spasm convulses her facial muscles"
21. contract involuntarily, as in a spasm; "The muscles in her face convulsed"
22. make someone convulse with laughter; "The comedian convulsed the crowd"
23. a violent disturbance; "the convulsions of the stock market" (同)turmoil, upheaval
24. violent uncontrollable contractions of muscles
25. a physical disturbance such as an earthquake or upheaval

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. けいれん性の,発作的な / 急激な
2. 〈U〉〈C〉つかむ(つかまれる)こと / 〈U〉〈C〉強奪;差し押さえ;逮捕 / 〈C〉(病気・恐怖などが)襲うこと,発作
3. (急に)『ぐいっと引っぱる』(『押す』,『ねじる』,『投げる』)『こと』 / (筋肉の)反射運動;けいれん / 《米俗》うぶな人;まぬけ / (重量挙げの)ジャーク / 《運動を表す副詞[句]を伴って》…‘を'『急に引っぱる』(『押す』,『ねじる』,『投げる』) / …‘を'ぶっきらぼうに(投げ出すように)言う《+『out』+『名,』+『名』+『out』》 / 『急に』(『ぐいっと』)『動く』
4. 〈特に牛肉〉‘を'細切りにして干し肉にする
5. 〈U〉〈C〉(筋肉の)けいれん,こむらがえり / 《複数形で》急激な腹痛 / …‘に'けいれんを起こさせる
6. (また『cramp iron』)かすがい / 締め具,締め金 / …'を'かすがい(締め具)で締めつける / …'を'拘束する
7. 〈地震などが〉…'を'激しく震動させる,動揺させる / 《受動態で》〈怒り・笑いなどが〉〈人〉'を'身もだえさせる
8. 《複数形で》けいれん,ひきつけ / 《複数形で》とめどもない大笑い / 震動,激動;動乱

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/11/24 19:12:58」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

"Convulse" redirects here. For Finnish death metal band, see Convulse (band).

Convulsion
Classification and external resources
Specialty	Neurology
ICD-10	R56
ICD-9-CM	125.7
MeSH	D012640

A convulsion is a medical condition where body muscles contract and relax rapidly and repeatedly, resulting in an uncontrolled shaking of the body. Because a convulsion is often a symptom of an epileptic seizure, the term convulsion is sometimes used as a synonym for seizure. However, not all epileptic seizures lead to convulsions, and not all convulsions are caused by epileptic seizures. Convulsions are also consistent with an electric shock and improper Enriched Air Scuba Diving. For non-epileptic convulsions, see non-epileptic seizures.

The word "fit" is sometimes used to mean a convulsion or epileptic seizure.

Symptoms

Nude woman sitting with artificially induced convulsions, photographed by Eadweard Muybridge

When a person is having a convulsion, they may experience several different symptoms. These may include: a brief blackout, confusion, drooling, loss of bowel/bladder control, sudden shaking of entire body, uncontrollable muscle spasms, temporary cessation of breathing, and many more. Symptoms usually last from a few seconds to around 15 minutes. If someone has a fit like this, it is advised to make sure they don't fall and injure themselves, cushion their head and loosen any restricting clothing/jewelry, and also call for medical help. Do not try to pin/hold them in place, as you will only injuring them if you do this

Causes

Convulsions are often caused by some sort of electrical activity mishap in the brain. Oftentimes, the cause is not able to be pinpointed. Convulsions can be caused by chemicals in the blood, as well as infections like meningitis or encephalitis. A very common cause of convulsions is fevers. Other possibilities include head trauma, stroke or lack of oxygen to the brain. Sometimes the convulsion can be caused by genetic defects or brain tumors.

Generalized seizures

Main article: Tonic-clonic seizures

The most common type of seizure is called a generalized seizure, also known as a generalized convulsion. This is characterized by a loss of consciousness which may lead to the person collapsing. The body stiffens for about a minute and then jerks uncontrollably for the next minute. During this, the patient may fall and injure themselves or bite their tongue and lose control of their bladder. A familial history of this puts a person at a greater risk for developing them.

References

UpToDate Contents

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• 1. 成人に生じる初回痙攣発作の評価とマネージメント evaluation and management of the first seizure in adults
• 2. 成人におけるてんかんのマネージメントの概要 overview of the management of epilepsy in adults
• 3. 小児における痙攣およびてんかん：分類、病因、および臨床的特徴 seizures and epilepsy in children classification etiology and clinical features
• 4. 小児における痙攣およびてんかん：初期治療およびモニタリング seizures and epilepsy in children initial treatment and monitoring
• 5. 成人におけるてんかんの外科的治療 surgical treatment of epilepsy in adults

English Journal

• Intracerebroventricular administration of the (1→6)-β-d-glucan (lasiodiplodan) in male rats prevents d-penicillamine-induced behavioral alterations and lipoperoxidation in the cortex.

• Malfatti CR1, Dos Santos FS2, Wouk J1, da Silva LA1, Michel RG1, Snak AL1, Czervinski T1, da Cunha MA3, Barbosa AM4, Dekker RF5.
• Pharmaceutical biology.Pharm Biol.2017 Dec;55(1):1289-1294. doi: 10.1080/13880209.2017.1299767.
• PMID 28274189

• Extended EEG and non-convulsive status epilepticus: Benefit over routine EEG?

• Eskioglou E1, Stähli C1, Rossetti AO1, Novy J1.
• Acta neurologica Scandinavica.Acta Neurol Scand.2017 Sep;136(3):272-276. doi: 10.1111/ane.12722. Epub 2016 Dec 27.
• PMID 28026006

• Electroencephalographic and biochemical long-lasting abnormalities in animal model of febrile seizure.

• Mohammed HS1, Aboul Ezz HS2, Sayed HM3, Ali MA3.
• Biochimica et biophysica acta.Biochim Biophys Acta.2017 Sep;1863(9):2120-2125. doi: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.05.024. Epub 2017 May 30.
• PMID 28572006

• Characteristics of epilepsy in patients with Kabuki syndrome with KMT2D mutations.

• Kurahashi N1, Miyake N2, Mizuno S3, Koshimizu E2, Kurahashi H4, Yamada K5, Natsume J6, Aoki Y7, Nakamura M8, Taniai H9, Maki Y5, Abe-Hatano C5, Matsumoto N2, Maruyama K5.
• Brain & development.Brain Dev.2017 Sep;39(8):672-677. doi: 10.1016/j.braindev.2017.03.025. Epub 2017 Apr 9.
• PMID 28404210

Japanese Journal

• 終夜睡眠ポリグラフィが捉えた、複雑部分発作に伴う発作性心停止

• 塚田 恵鯉子,木村 綾乃,亀井 雄一,瀬川 和彦,岡本 智子,渡辺 雅子
• てんかん研究 32(3), 548-555, 2015
• てんかん患者における予期せぬ突然死は、SUDEP（sudden unexpected death in epilepsy）と呼ばれ、近年注目をあびている。我々は、終夜睡眠ポリグラフィ検査（PSG）中に複雑部分発作に伴う発作性心停止を呈したてんかん患者を経験したので報告する。症例は66歳女性。10歳で全身のけいれん発作が出現し、54歳以降は全身のけいれん発作は消失した。66歳で夜間にベランダに出る異 …
• NAID 130004856095

• Management of Lacerated and Swollen Tongue after Convulsive Seizure with a Mouth Protector: Interprofessional Collaboration Including Dentists in Intensive Care

• Yamanaka Reiko,Soga Yoshihiko,Moriya Yoshie,Okui Akemi,Takeuchi Tetsuo,Sato Kenji,Morimatsu Hiroshi,Morita Manabu
• Acta Medica Okayama 68(6), 375-378, 2014-12
• … We encountered a 74-year-old male patient with tongue laceration after convulsive seizures under intensive care. …
• NAID 120005525316

• 症例 認知症症状を呈した高齢初発てんかん4例

• 石塚 貴周,中村 雅之,﨑元 仁志 [他]
• 精神科 25(5), 555-560, 2014-11
• NAID 40020262334

• 小児けいれん患者における急性期磁化率強調画像

• 岩崎 博樹,藤田 之彦,原 光彦
• 日本小児科学会雑誌 = The journal of the Japan Pediatric Society 118(10), 1481-1488, 2014-10
• NAID 40020243206

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「痙攣」「cramp」「convulsion」「spasm」「jerk」
拡張検索	「generalized nonconvulsive epilepsy」「anticonvulsive」「electroconvulsive」「electroconvulsive therapy」

「痙攣」

　　[★]

痙攣

英

(脳脊髄性)convulsion、seizure、(痛性)cramp、(痙縮)spasm、convulsive

同

痙攣発作

関

筋痙攣、痙縮、痙直、痙攣、痙攣性、スパスム、スパズム、てんかん、癲癇、てんかん発作、腹痛、発作、攣縮、けいれん性、れん縮、こむら返り、腓返り、筋けいれん

分類

部位

• 全身性
• 局所性

原因

• 全身性

• 頭部外傷、てんかん、脳出血、脳腫瘍、中毒、代謝異常(低血糖、低カルシウム血症・低マグネシウム血症(被刺激性亢進)、低ナトリウム血症、高ナトリウム血症)

アミノ酸代謝異常で痙攣を呈さないもの

• チロシン血症、アルカプトン尿症、ヒスチジン血症

乳幼児期の精神発達遅延＋痙攣

YN.J-39

• 代謝異常　　　：フェニルケトン尿症、糖原病
• 神経皮膚症候群：結節性硬化症、スタージ・ウェバー症候群
• てんかん　　　：レノックス・ガストー症候群、ウェスト症候群

参考

• 1. 小児科診療・2009年・6号　（103）1083　けいれん

国試

• 103G006

「cramp」

　　[★]

• n.

• 筋痙攣、筋けいれん、痙攣、けいれん、こむら返り、腓返り、痙直、(複数形で用いて)腹痛

同

クランプ、有病性れん縮

関

abdominal pain、convulse、convulsion、convulsive、jerk、muscle cramp、muscle spasm、muscle twitching、muscular cramp、myospasm、seizure、spasm、spastic、spasticity

　 　 　 　 　 　 　

「convulsion」

　　[★]

• n.

• 痙攣、けいれん

関

clonic seizure、convulse、convulsive、convulsive seizure、cramp、focal seizure、generalized seizure、Jacksonian seizure、jerk、motor seizure、seizure、sensory seizure、somatosensory seizure、spasm、spasticity、tonic seizure、tonic-clonic seizure

　 　 　 　

「spasm」

　　[★]

• n.

• 攣縮、痙縮、けいれん

関

contracture、convulsion、convulsive、cramp、generalized spasm、muscle spasm、muscular spasm、seizure、spasticity、twitch、twitching

　 　 　

「jerk」

　　[★]

• n

• 急にぐいっと引くこと。急に動くこと
• (筋肉の)反射運動、痙攣。(jerks)痙攣性筋肉運動

関

convulse、convulsion、convulsive、cramp、spasticity

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　

「generalized nonconvulsive epilepsy」

　　[★]

非痙攣性全般てんかん

関

generalized epilepsy、generalized seizure disorder

「anticonvulsive」

　　[★]

• 抗痙攣の、抗けいれんの

関

anticonvulsant、antiseizure

「electroconvulsive」

　　[★]

• 電撃性の、電撃の

関

electric shock、lightning

「electroconvulsive therapy」

　　[★]

同

ECT

同

ECT

同

ECT