muscle spasm

筋痙攣

WordNet

1. secure with a cramp; "cramp the wood"
2. affect with or as if with a cramp
3. suffer from sudden painful contraction of a muscle
4. a strip of metal with ends bent at right angles; used to hold masonry together (同)cramp iron
5. a clamp for holding pieces of wood together while they are glued
6. make ones way by force; "He muscled his way into the office"
7. animal tissue consisting predominantly of contractile cells (同)muscular_tissue
8. one of the contractile organs of the body (同)musculus
9. authority or power or force (especially when used in a coercive way); "the senators used their muscle to get the party leader to resign"
10. a painful and involuntary muscular contraction (同)cramp, muscle_spasm
11. (pathology) sudden constriction of a hollow organ (as a blood vessel)

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. 〈U〉〈C〉(筋肉の)けいれん,こむらがえり / 《複数形で》急激な腹痛 / …‘に'けいれんを起こさせる
2. (また『cramp iron』)かすがい / 締め具,締め金 / …'を'かすがい(締め具)で締めつける / …'を'拘束する
3. 〈U〉(動物体の組織としての)『筋肉』,筋(きん);〈C〉(体の各部を動かす)筋肉 / 〈U〉力,(特に)筋力,腕力 / 《俗に》(…に)強引に割り込む《+『in on』(『into, through』)+『名』》
4. (筋肉などの)けいれん / (感情・活動などの)発作《+『of』+『名』》
5. 筋肉の,筋力のある / 力ずくの
6. 鉱泉,温泉 / 温泉場

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/06/12 23:13:13」(JST)

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[Wiki en表示]

For the 1993 metal album, see Spasm (album).

"Spasmodic" redirects here. For the British literary movement, see Spasmodic poets.

Muscle spasm

ICD-10	R25.2
ICD-9	728.85
MeSH	D013035

In medicine, a spasm is a sudden, involuntary contraction of a muscle, a group of muscles, or a hollow organ such as a heart, or a similarly sudden contraction of an orifice. It most commonly refers to a muscle cramp which is often accompanied by a sudden burst of pain, but is usually harmless and ceases after a few minutes. There are a variety of other causes of involuntary muscle contractions, which may be more serious, depending on the cause.

The word "spasm" may also refer to a temporary burst of energy, activity, emotion, Eustress, stress, or anxiety unrelated to, or as a consequence of, involuntary muscle activity.

Description

A variety of types of involuntary muscle activity may be referred to as a "spasm". Examples include muscle contractions due to abnormal nerve stimulation, or abnormal activity of the muscle itself. A series of spasms or permanent spasms are called a spasmism. A spasm may lead to muscle strains or tears of tendons and ligaments, if the force of the spasm exceeds the tensile strength of the underlying connective tissues, such as with a particularly forceful spasm, or in the case of weakened connective tissues.

True hypertonic spasm is caused by malfunctioning feedback nerves, is much more serious, and is permanent unless treated. In this case, the hypertonic muscle tone is excessive and the muscles are unable to relax.

A subtype of spasms is colic. This is an episodic pain due to spasms of smooth muscle in a particular organ (e.g. the bile duct). A characteristic of colic is the sensation of having to move about, and the pain may induce nausea or vomiting if severe.

Causes

Among the causes of spasms are insufficient hydration, muscle overload, and absence of electrolytes. Spasmodic muscle contraction may be due to a large number of medical conditions, including the dystonias. Hypertonic muscle spasms is the state of chronic, excessive muscle tone, or tension in a resting muscle – the amount of contraction that remains when a muscle is not actively working.

See also

• Spasticity
• Convulsion
• Antispasmodic
• Blepharospasm
• Cadaveric spasm
• Cramp
• Cricopharyngeal spasm
• Ejaculation
• Jactitation (medicine)
• Myoclonus
• Neck spasm
• Orgasm
• Seizure
• Spasmodic dysphonia

Notes

External links

• NIH Medical Encyclopedia
• How Stuff Works

UpToDate Contents

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English Journal

• Upper extremity vascular complications following transradial approach for cardiac catheterization and intervention: a focused review of diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic considerations.

• Lee L1, Blair J, Gupta S, Nathan S.
• Minerva cardioangiologica.Minerva Cardioangiol.2016 Dec;64(6):650-63. Epub 2016 May 13.
• Cardiac catheterization using the transradial approach has dramatically increased in worldwide adoption since its original description almost thirty years ago. Over the past decade, a groundswell of contemporary clinical data has demonstrated the superiority of the transradial approach over transfem
• PMID 27175978

• Numerical analysis of hemodynamics in spastic middle cerebral arteries.

• Wen J1, Wang Q2, Wang Q3, Khoshmanesh K4, Zheng T3.
• Computer methods in biomechanics and biomedical engineering.Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin.2016 Nov;19(14):1489-96. doi: 10.1080/10255842.2016.1157176. Epub 2016 Mar 4.
• Cerebral vasospasm (CVS) is the most common serious complication of subarachnoid hemorrhage. Among the many factors that are associated with the pathogenesis of CVS, hemodynamics plays an important role in the initiation and development of CVS. Numerical simulation was carried out to obtain the flow
• PMID 26942314

• Ferula gummosa, a Traditional Medicine with Novel Applications.

• Mahboubi M1.
• Journal of dietary supplements.J Diet Suppl.2016 Nov;13(6):700-18. doi: 10.3109/19390211.2016.1157715. Epub 2016 Apr 14.
• Ferula gummosa with the Persian name of Barijeh is reputed due to its traditional history. The aim of this review was to investigate traditional and novel applications of this valuable plant. Relevant databases (PubMed, ScienceDirect®, Wiley, Taylor & Francis, and Springer) and local books on e
• PMID 27077815

Japanese Journal

• Structural and Functional Coronary Artery Abnormalities in Patients With Vasospastic Angina Pectoris

• Ong Peter,Aziz Ahmed,Hansen Henrik Steen,Prescott Eva,Athanasiadis Anastasios,Sechtem Udo
• Circulation Journal 79(7), 1431-1438, 2015
• … Coronary spasm is involved in many clinical scenarios, such as stable angina, acute coronary syndrome, sudden cardiac death, non-ischemic cardiomyopathy, arrhythmia and syncope. … They share the common pathophysiological phenomenon of vascular smooth muscle hyperreactivity leading to spasm caused by various factors that may also overlap. …
• NAID 130005083960

• Structural and Functional Coronary Artery Abnormalities in Patients With Vasospastic Angina Pectoris

• Ong Peter,Aziz Ahmed,Hansen Henrik Steen,Prescott Eva,Athanasiadis Anastasios,Sechtem Udo
• Circulation Journal advpub(0), 2015
• … Coronary spasm is involved in many clinical scenarios, such as stable angina, acute coronary syndrome, sudden cardiac death, non-ischemic cardiomyopathy, arrhythmia and syncope. … They share the common pathophysiological phenomenon of vascular smooth muscle hyperreactivity leading to spasm caused by various factors that may also overlap. …
• NAID 130005078366

• 眼瞼痙攣・片側顔面痙攣に対するボツリヌス毒素施注の要領

• 大澤 美貴雄
• 東京女子医科大学雑誌 84(E1), E17-E23, 2014-01-31
• ボツリヌス毒素療法は、眼瞼痙攣と関連疾患の開眼失行、および片側顔面痙攣と関連疾患の顔面連合運動の第一選択治療である。本稿で最初に、これらの疾患で本治療の標的になる顔面筋の始点と終点について記述した。次に標的筋、すなわち前頭筋、鼻根筋、皺眉筋、眼輪筋、眼瞼部、鼻筋、小頬骨筋、大頬骨筋、笑筋、口輪筋、オトガイ筋、広頸筋、それぞれの同定法を紹介した。副作用を未然に防止する為に、避けるべき標的筋の部位につ …
• NAID 110009752549

Related Links

• muscle spasm - definition of muscle spasm in the Medical ...

muscle spasm n. Persistent increased tension and shortness in a muscle or group of muscles that cannot be released voluntarily. muscle spasm, n abnormal and often painful contraction of muscle fibers commonly caused by sudden ...

• Muscle Spasms | Muscle Cramp

Muscle spasm, also commonly known as muscle cramp, is a persistent involuntary hypertonicity of one or more muscles usually of central origin and commonly associated with pain and excessive irritability. Muscle twitch is a short ...

Related Pictures

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「cramp」「筋痙攣」「筋痙縮」「muscle twitching」「筋攣縮」
関連記事	「spasm」「muscle」

「cramp」

　　[★]

• n.

• 筋痙攣、筋けいれん、痙攣、けいれん、こむら返り、腓返り、痙直、(複数形で用いて)腹痛

同

クランプ、有病性れん縮

関

abdominal pain、convulse、convulsion、convulsive、jerk、muscle cramp、muscle spasm、muscle twitching、muscular cramp、myospasm、seizure、spasm、spastic、spasticity

　 　 　 　 　 　 　

「筋痙攣」

　　[★]

英

muscle spasm、muscle cramp、cramp、myospasm

関

筋痙攣、痙直、痙攣、腹痛、こむら返り、腓返り、けいれん、筋痙縮、書痙

「筋痙縮」

　　[★]

英

muscle spasm、muscular spasm、muscle spasticity

関

筋痙攣、スパスム、筋けいれん、筋痙直、全身痙縮

英

spasticity

「muscle twitching」

　　[★]

• 筋攣縮、筋れん縮、筋痙攣

関

cramp、muscle cramp、muscle spasm、muscle twitch、muscular cramp、myospasm

「筋攣縮」

　　[★]

英

muscle spasm, myospasmus, myospasm, muscle twitch？？、muscle twitching？？

関

筋痙攣、筋れん縮

「spasm」

　　[★]

• n.

• 攣縮、痙縮、けいれん

関

contracture、convulsion、convulsive、cramp、generalized spasm、muscle spasm、muscular spasm、seizure、spasticity、twitch、twitching

　 　 　

「muscle」

　　[★]

• n.

• 筋肉