spasmodic

• 痙性の、痙攣性の、けいれん性の

関

convulsive、spastic

　

WordNet

1. resembling a convulsion in being sudden and violent; "a convulsive rage"; "convulsive laughter"
2. affected by involuntary jerky muscular contractions; resembling a spasm; "convulsive motions"; "his body made a spasmodic jerk"; "spastic movements" (同)spasmodic, spastic
3. suffering from spastic paralysis; "a spastic child"
4. a person suffering from spastic paralysis
5. relating to or characterized by spasm; "a spastic colon"; "spastic paralysis is a spastic form of cerebral palsy"
6. in spurts and fits; "I began to write intermittently and spasmodically"
7. with spasms; "the mouth was slightly open, and jerked violently and spasmodically at one corner" (同)jerkily

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. けいれん性の / 発作的な / 断続的な,不規則な
2. けいれん性の,発作的な / 急激な
3. けいれん性麻痺患者
4. けいれん的に,発作的に

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/09/05 16:41:26」(JST)

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[Wiki en表示]

For the 1993 metal album, see Spasm (album).

"Spasmodic" redirects here. For the British literary movement, see Spasmodic poets.

Muscle spasm

Specialty	Neurology
ICD-10	R25.2
ICD-9	728.85
MeSH	D013035

A spasm is a sudden, involuntary contraction of a muscle, a group of muscles, or a hollow organ such as a heart, or a similarly sudden contraction of an orifice. It most commonly refers to a muscle cramp which is often accompanied by a sudden burst of pain, but is usually harmless and ceases after a few minutes. There are a variety of other causes of involuntary muscle contractions, which may be more serious, depending on the cause.

The word "spasm" may also refer to a temporary burst of energy, activity, emotion, eustress, stress, or anxiety unrelated to, or as a consequence of, involuntary muscle activity.

Description

A variety of types of involuntary muscle activity may be referred to as a "spasm". Examples include muscle contractions due to abnormal nerve stimulation, or abnormal activity of the muscle itself. A series of spasms or permanent spasms are called a spasmism. A spasm may lead to muscle strains or tears of tendons and ligaments, if the force of the spasm exceeds the tensile strength of the underlying connective tissues, such as with a particularly forceful spasm, or in the case of weakened connective tissues.

True hypertonic spasm is caused by malfunctioning feedback nerves, is much more serious, and is permanent unless treated. In this case, the hypertonic muscle tone is excessive and the muscles are unable to relax.

A subtype of spasms is colic. This is an episodic pain due to spasms of smooth muscle in a particular organ (e.g. the bile duct). A characteristic of colic is the sensation of having to move about, and the pain may induce nausea or vomiting if severe.

Causes

Among the causes of spasms are ion imbalance and muscle overload. Spasmodic muscle contraction may be due to a large number of medical conditions, including the dystonias. Hypertonic muscle spasms is the state of chronic, excessive muscle tone, or tension in a resting muscle – the amount of contraction that remains when a muscle is not actively working.

See also

• Spasticity
• Convulsion
• Antispasmodic
• Blepharospasm
• Cadaveric spasm
• Cramp
• Cricopharyngeal spasm
• Ejaculation
• Jactitation (medicine)
• Myoclonus
• Neck spasm
• Orgasm
• Seizure
• Spasmodic dysphonia

Notes

External links

• NIH Medical Encyclopedia
• How Stuff Works

UpToDate Contents

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English Journal

• The Mayo Clinic Arizona Spasmodic Dysphonia Experience: A Demographic Analysis of 718 Patients.

• Patel AB1, Bansberg SF2, Adler CH3, Lott DG2, Crujido L2.
• The Annals of otology, rhinology, and laryngology.Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol.2015 Nov;124(11):859-63. doi: 10.1177/0003489415588557. Epub 2015 May 29.
• OBJECTIVE: Analyze demographic data collected over a 25-year experience of 718 patients with spasmodic dysphonia (SD) who have been treated with botulinum toxin-A (BoNT-A) and compare our data with previously published studies.METHODS: Seven hundred eighteen patients with SD were treated with 6621 B
• PMID 26024910

• Botulinum toxin treatment of false vocal folds in adductor spasmodic dysphonia: Functional outcomes.

• Simpson CB1, Lee CT1, Hatcher JL2, Michalek J3.
• The Laryngoscope.Laryngoscope.2015 Oct 15. doi: 10.1002/lary.25515. [Epub ahead of print]
• OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Supraglottic injection of botulinum toxin (Botox) has been described as an effective treatment for adductor spasmodic dysphonia (ADSD). Anecdotal evidence suggests that the patients have little to no breathiness after injection, but no formal longitudinal studies have been car
• PMID 26467807

• The Norwegian Voice Handicap Index (VHI-N) patient scores are dependent on voice-related disease group.

• Karlsen T1, Heimdal JH, Grieg AR, Aarstad HJ.
• European archives of oto-rhino-laryngology : official journal of the European Federation of Oto-Rhino-Laryngological Societies (EUFOS) : affiliated with the German Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology - Head and Neck Surgery.Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol.2015 Oct;272(10):2897-905. doi: 10.1007/s00405-015-3659-9. Epub 2015 May 30.
• The aim of this study is to determine to what extent the Voice Handicap Index-Norwegian (VHI-N) is scored depending on specific laryngological disease. In a multi-center study, 126 healthy subjects and 355 patients with different voice-related diseases answered the VHI-N. The VHI-N scores showed hig
• PMID 26024695

Japanese Journal

• 大陥胸湯と大陥胸丸料の適応に関する考察

• 伊藤 隆,菅生 昌高,千々岩 武陽,島田 博文,海老澤 茂,深谷 良,小竹 源紀,小澤 友明,青柳 晴彦,仙田 晶子,島津 健吾
• 日本東洋醫學雜誌 = Japanese journal of oriental medicine 62(4), 537-547, 2011-07-20
• 大陥胸湯と大陥胸丸料の現代における適応について検討した。頸，肩，背部に難治性のこりを自覚する33例に対して，いずれかの方剤を投与した。24例は4週以上服薬できたが（長期群），9例は中断した（中断群）。長期群においては14例（58％）で主訴の改善を認めた。有用であった方剤は大陥胸湯13例，大陥胸丸料1例であった。長期群の特徴は中断9例に比較して，BMIがより大きく，腹力はより強く，心下&#38805 …
• NAID 10029341414

• 甲状軟骨形成術I型•チタンプレートによる軟骨片の固定

• 松島 康二,金沢 英哲,一色 信彦,田辺 正博,枝松 秀雄
• 喉頭 23(1), 26-29, 2011
• … Based on our abundant experience with Titanium Bridges in type 2 thyroplasty for spasmodic dysphonia, we utilized a simple thin and bendable Titanium plate so as to realize adequate medialization on site. …
• NAID 130001055627

Related Links

• Spasmodic - definition of spasmodic by The Free Dictionary

As he watches the spasmodic shoots and darts that break out of her face and limbs, like fitful lightning out of a dark sky, some contagion in them seizes upon him: insomuch that he has to withdraw himself to a lean arm-chair by the ...

• Spasmodic | Definition of spasmodic by Merriam-Webster

Learn More About SPASMODIC Thesaurus: All synonyms and antonyms for "spasmodic" Spanish Central: Spanish translation of "spasmodic" Nglish: Translation of "spasmodic" for Spanish speakers Browse 2 ENTRIES FOUND:

Related Pictures

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「convulsive」「spastic」「痙攣性」「けいれん性」「痙性」
拡張検索	「antispasmodic」「antispasmodic agent」「spasmodic torticollis」

「convulsive」

　　[★]

• adj.

• 痙攣性の、けいれん性の、痙攣の、けいれんの

関

convulse、convulsion、cramp、jerk、seizure、spasm、spasmodic、spastic、spasticity

　 　 　

「spastic」

　　[★]

• adj.

• 痙性の、痙直の、痙攣性の、けいれん性の、痙縮性の

関

convulsive、cramp、muscle spasticity、spasmodic、spasticity

　 　 　 　

「痙攣性」

　　[★]

英

convulsive、spastic、spasmodic

関

痙縮性、痙性、痙直、痙攣、けいれん性、けいれん

「けいれん性」

　　[★]

英

• spastic、convulsive、spasmodic

関

痙縮性、痙性、痙直、痙攣、痙攣性、けいれん

「痙性」

　　[★]

英

• spastic、spasmodic

関

痙縮性、痙直、痙攣性、けいれん性

「antispasmodic」

　　[★]

• adj.

• 鎮痙の

• n.

• 鎮痙薬、鎮痙剤

関

antispasmodic agent、antispasmodic drug、antispasmodics、antispastic、antispastic drug、spasmolysis、spasmolytic

　

「antispasmodic agent」

　　[★]

• 鎮痙薬、鎮痙剤

関

antispasmodic、antispasmodic drug、antispasmodics、antispastic drug、parasympatholytics、spasmolytic

「spasmodic torticollis」

　　[★]

• 痙性斜頚、痙性斜頸

関

cervical dystonia、psychogenic torticollis、torticollis