ペディオコッカス、ディオコッカス属、Pediococcus属
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2016/06/28 17:40:04」(JST)
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Pediococcus | |
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Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Bacteria |
Phylum: | Firmicutes |
Class: | Bacilli |
Order: | Lactobacillales |
Family: | Lactobacillaceae |
Genus: | Pediococcus Claussen 1903 |
Species | |
P. acidilactici |
Pediococcus is a genus of Gram-positive lactic acid bacteria, placed within the family of Lactobacillaceae. They usually occur in pairs or tetrads, and divide along two planes of symmetry, as do the other lactic acid cocci genera Aerococcus and Tetragenococcus. They are purely homofermentative. Pediococcus dextrinicus has recently been reassigned to the genus Lactobacillus.[1]
Pediococcus is, along with other lactic acid bacteria such as Leuconostoc and Lactobacillus, responsible for the fermentation of cabbage, making it sauerkraut. In this process, the sugars in fresh cabbage are fermented to lactic acid, which gives sauerkraut a sour flavour and good keeping qualities. Pediococcus bacteria are usually considered contaminants of beer and wine, although their presence is sometimes desired in beer styles such as lambic. Certain Pediococcus isolates produce diacetyl which gives a buttery or butterscotch aroma to some wines (such as Chardonnay) and a few styles of beer. Pediococcus species are often used in silage inoculants. Pediococci are used as probiotics, and are commonly added as beneficial microbes in the creation of cheeses and yogurts.
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リンク元 | 「細菌の鑑別」「ペディオコッカス」「ペディオコッカス属」 |
拡張検索 | 「Pediococcus属」 |
菌種 | 形態 | 抗酸性 | 芽胞 | 運動性 | 空気中での発育 | 嫌気条件下での発育 | カタラーゼ | オキシダーゼ | ブドウ糖分解 | OF試験 |
Micrococcus | C | - | - | - | + | - | + | - | D | O/- |
Staphylococcus | C | - | - | - | + | + | + | - | + | F |
Aerococcus | C | - | - | - | + | W | W/- | - | + | F |
Streptococcus | C | - | - | +/- | + | + | - | - | + | F |
Pediococcus | C. | - | - | - | + | + | - | - | + | F |
Gemella | ||||||||||
嫌気性球菌*1 | C | - | - | - | - | + | - | - | +/- | F/- |
Kurthia | R | - | - | + | + | + | + | - | - | - |
Corynebacterium | R | - | - | - | + | + | + | - | +/- | F/- |
Listeria | R | - | - | + | + | + | + | - | + | F |
Erysipelothnx | R | - | - | + | + | + | F | |||
Lactobacillus | ||||||||||
Arachnia*2 | ||||||||||
Rothia | R | - | - | - | + | - | + | ● | + | F |
Propiombacterium | R | - | - | - | - | + | + | . | + | F |
Achnomyces | R | - | - | - | - | + | - | ● | + | F |
Bifidobacterium | ||||||||||
Eubacterium | R | - | - | - | - | + | - | . | +/- | F/- |
Clostridium | R | - | <+> | D | - | + | - | ● | D | F/- |
Bacillus | R | - | <+> | D | + | D | + | d | D | F/O/- |
Nocardia | R | W | - | - | + | - | + | - | + | O |
Mycobacterium | R | + | - | - | + | . | + | - | + | O/NT |
*1:Peptococcus, Peptostreptococus(あるいは Leuconostoc) *2:あるいはActinomyces odontolyticus D:その属の菌種によって反応が異なる。 d: 菌種によって反応が異なる。 F:発酵 O:酸化 W:弱反応 ・:不明 NT:テストできない <+>:芽胞非形成筋もある C:球菌 R:桿菌 |
菌種 | 形態 | 運動性 | 空気中での発育 | 嫌気条件下での発育 | カタラーゼ | オキシダーゼ | ブドウ糖(酸) | OF試験 |
Bacteroides | R | - | - | + | d | - | D | F/- |
Veillonella | C | - | - | + | D | ・ | - | - |
Neissena | C | - | + | - | + | + | + | O |
Branhamella | C | - | + | - | + | + | - | - |
Acinetobacter | C/R | - | + | - | + | - | + | O |
Moraxella | R | - | + | + | + | - | ||
Brucella | ||||||||
Bordetella | ||||||||
Chromobacterium lividum | R | + | + | - | + | + | + | O |
Alcahsenes | R | + | + | - | + | + | - | - |
Flavobacterium | R | - | + | - | + | + | + | O |
Pseudomonas | R | + | + | + | + | + | + | O |
Actinobacillus | R | - | + | + | + | + | + | F |
Pasteurella | ||||||||
Necromonas | ||||||||
Cardiobacterium | R | - | + | + | - | + | + | F |
Chromobacterium violaceum | ||||||||
Beneckea | R | + | + | + | + | + | + | F |
Vibrio | ||||||||
Plesiomonas | ||||||||
Aeromonas | ||||||||
腸内細菌 | R | D | + | + | + | - | + | F |
Haemophilus | R | - | + | + | D | - | D | NT |
Eikenella | R | - | -* | + | - | + | - | - |
Campylobacter | R | + | -+1 | - | D | + | - | - |
Streptobacillus+2 | R | - | + | + | - | - | + | F |
マイコプラズマ | ||||||||
*1:Peptococcus, Peptostreptococus(あるいは Leuconostoc) *2:あるいはActinomyces odontolyticus D:その属の菌種によって反応が異なる。 d: 菌種によって反応が異なる。 F:発酵 O:酸化 W:弱反応 ・:不明 NT:テストできない <+>:芽胞非形成筋もある C:球菌 R:桿菌 ・: 不明 *: 空気中では発育せず。空気CO2で発育。+1: 好気的または嫌気的には発育せず。5-6%O2中で発育。+2: あるいはShigella dysenteriae 1 |