関: Cardiobacteriaceae

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/12/13 18:14:59」(JST)

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Cardiobacterium hominis is a Gram-negative rod commonly grouped with other bacteria into the HACEK group. It is one of several bacteria normally present in the mouth and upper part of the respiratory tract such as nose and throat. However, it may also rarely cause endocarditis, an infection of the heart valves.^[1]

Microbiology

C. hominis is a catalase-negative, oxidase-positive, indole-producing Gram-negative rod.^[2] Its morphology has classically been described as highly pleomorphic and irregularly staining, although homogeneous bacilli with uniform shapes may be seen with the addition of yeast extract.^[2]

Antibiotic sensitivity

Historically C. hominis has been sensitive to penicillin and penicillin derivatives such as ampicillin.^[3] However, penicillin-resistant strains, including those that produce beta-lactamases, have been described with increasing frequency.^[4] Clinical guidelines thus recommend that C. hominis and other HACEK organisms be presumed to harbor ampicillin resistance and therefore be treated with a third-generation cephalosporin.^[3] C. hominis and other HACEK organisms also exhibit in vitro susceptibility to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, fluoroquinolones, and aztreonam.^[3] C. hominis is often resistant to erythromycin.^[5] Since cefotaxime use may be not appropriate for C. hominis endocarditis, an alternative regimen might include association of co-amoxiclav and gentamicin.^[6]

References

^ Malani, AN; Aronoff, DM; Bradley, SF; Kauffman, CA (September 2006). "Cardiobacterium hominis endocarditis: Two cases and a review of the literature". European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases 25 (9): 587–95. doi:10.1007/s10096-006-0189-9. PMC 2276845. PMID 16955250. Retrieved 2010-03-15.
^ ^a ^b Savage, DD; Kagan, RL; Young, NA; Horvath, AE (January 1977). "Cardiobacterium hominis endocarditis: Description of two patients and characterization of the organism". Journal of Clinical Microbiology 5 (1): 75–80. PMC 274535. PMID 833269. Retrieved 2010-03-15.
^ ^a ^b ^c Wilson, WR; Karchmer, AW; Dajani, AS; Taubert, KA; et al. (December 1995). "Antibiotic treatment of adults with infective endocarditis due to streptococci, enterococci, staphylococci, and HACEK microorganisms. American Heart Association". JAMA 274 (21): 1706–13. doi:10.1001/jama.274.21.1706. PMID 7474277. |access-date= requires |url= (help)
^ Lu, PL; Hsueh, PR; Hung, CC; Teng, LJ; et al. (May 2000). "Infective endocarditis complicated with progressive heart failure due to beta-lactamase-producing Cardiobacterium hominis". Journal of Clinical Microbiology 38 (5): 2015–7. PMC 86656. PMID 10790145. Retrieved 2010-03-15.
^ Pfaller, Michael A.; Murray, Patrick R.; Rosenthal, Ken S. (2009). Medical Microbiology. Philadelphia: Mosby / Elsevier. p. 374. ISBN 0-323-05470-6.
^ Torok, Estee; Moran, Ed; Cooke, Fiona (2009). Oxford Handbook of Infectious Diseases and Microbiolology. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780198569251. ^{[full citation needed]}

External links

Image: Cardibacterium hominins

UpToDate Contents

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1. 固有弁心内膜炎の抗菌療法 antimicrobial therapy of native valve endocarditis
2. 感染性心内膜炎の疫学、危険因子および微生物学 epidemiology risk factors and microbiology of infective endocarditis
3. 成人における不明熱の病因 etiologies of fever of unknown origin in adults
4. 菌検出のための血液培養 blood cultures for the detection of bacteremia
5. 培養陰性感染性心内膜炎の疫学、微生物学、および診断 epidemiology microbiology and diagnosis of culture negative endocarditis

English Journal

Construction of new cloning, lacZ reporter and scarless-markerless suicide vectors for genetic studies in Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans.

Juárez-Rodríguez MD, Torres-Escobar A, Demuth DR.SourceResearch Group in Oral Health and Systemic Disease, University of Louisville School of Dentistry, 501 S. Preston Street, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
Plasmid.Plasmid.2013 Jan 23. pii: S0147-619X(13)00003-6. doi: 10.1016/j.plasmid.2013.01.002. [Epub ahead of print]
To elucidate the putative function of a gene, effective tools are required for genetic characterization that facilitate its inactivation, deletion or modification on the bacterial chromosome. In the present study, the nucleotide sequence of the Escherichia coli/Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans
PMID 23353051

Cerebral vasculitis and Cardiobacterium valvarum endocarditis.

Abraham R, Irwin RB, Kannappan D, Isalska B, Koroma M, Younis N.SourceDepartment of Endocrinology, University Hospital South Manchester, Southmoor Road, Wythenshawe, Manchester M23 9LT, UK. Rabraham@doctors.org.uk
Journal of medical microbiology.J Med Microbiol.2012 Nov;61(Pt 11):1625-30. doi: 10.1099/jmm.0.043208-0. Epub 2012 Aug 9.
We present a case of aortic and tricuspid native valve endocarditis in which Cardiobacterium valvarum was isolated from the blood culture of a 65-year-old man. Cardiobacterium valvarum is a fastidious, Gram-negative bacillus. The genus Cardiobacterium encompasses two species - Cardiobacterium valvar
PMID 22878249

Impact of periodontal therapy on the subgingival microbiota of severe periodontitis: comparison between good responders and individuals with refractory periodontitis using the human oral microbe identification microarray.

Colombo AP, Bennet S, Cotton SL, Goodson JM, Kent R, Haffajee AD, Socransky SS, Hasturk H, Van Dyke TE, Dewhirst FE, Paster BJ.SourceDepartment of Medical Microbiology, Institute of Microbiology of Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. apcolombo@micro.ufrj.br
Journal of periodontology.J Periodontol.2012 Oct;83(10):1279-87. Epub 2012 Feb 10.
BACKGROUND: This study compares the changes to the subgingival microbiota of individuals with "refractory" periodontitis (RP) or treatable periodontitis (good responders [GR]) before and after periodontal therapy by using the Human Oral Microbe Identification Microarray (HOMIM) analysis.METHODS: Ind
PMID 22324467

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「細菌の鑑別」「カルジオバクテリウム属」「Cardiobacteriaceae」「カルジオバクテリウム」
拡張検索	「Cardiobacterium hominis」「Cardiobacterium属」

「細菌の鑑別」

Cardiobacterium hominis
	Cardiobacterium hominis on blood agar plate
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Bacteria
Phylum:	Proteobacteria
Class:	Gammaproteobacteria
Order:	Cardiobacteriales
Family:	Cardiobacteriaceae
Genus:	Cardiobacterium
Species:	hominis

　　[★]

関: 細菌

グラム陽性菌の鑑別 LAB.994

菌種	形態	抗酸性	芽胞	運動性	空気中での発育	嫌気条件下での発育	カタラーゼ	オキシダーゼ	ブドウ糖分解	OF試験
Micrococcus	C	－	－	－	＋	－	＋	－	D	O/－
Staphylococcus	C	－	－	－	＋	＋	＋	－	＋	F
Aerococcus	C	－	－	－	＋	W	W/－	－	＋	F
Streptococcus	C	－	－	＋/－	＋	＋	－	－	＋	F
Pediococcus	C.	－	－	－	＋	＋	－	－	＋	F
Gemella	C.	－	－	－	＋	＋	－	－	＋	F
嫌気性球菌*1	C	－	－	－	－	＋	－	－	＋/－	F/－
Kurthia	R	－	－	＋	＋	＋	＋	－	－	－
Corynebacterium	R	－	－	－	＋	＋	＋	－	＋/－	F/－
Listeria	R	－	－	＋	＋	＋	＋	－	＋	F
Erysipelothnx	R		－	－	＋	＋			＋	F
Lactobacillus
Arachnia*2
Rothia	R	－	－	－	＋	－	＋	●	＋	F
Propiombacterium	R	－	－	－	－	＋	＋	.	＋	F
Achnomyces	R	－	－	－	－	＋	－	●	＋	F
Bifidobacterium
Eubacterium	R	－	－	－	－	＋	－	.	＋/－	F/－
Clostridium	R	－	<＋>	D	－	＋	－	●	D	F/－
Bacillus	R	－	<＋>	D	＋	D	＋	d	D	F/O/－
Nocardia	R	W	－	－	＋	－	＋	－	＋	O
Mycobacterium	R	＋	－	－	＋	.	＋	－	＋	O/NT
1:Peptococcus, Peptostreptococus(あるいは Leuconostoc) 2:あるいはActinomyces odontolyticus D:その属の菌種によって反応が異なる。　d: 菌種によって反応が異なる。 F:発酵 O:酸化 W:弱反応・:不明 NT:テストできない <＋>:芽胞非形成筋もある C:球菌 R:桿菌

グラム陰性菌の鑑別 LAB.995

(再編集の時に－*に注意)

菌種	形態	運動性	空気中での発育	嫌気条件下での発育	カタラーゼ	オキシダーゼ	ブドウ糖(酸)	OF試験
Bacteroides	R	－	－	＋	d	－	D	F/－
Veillonella	C	－	－	＋	D	・	－	－
Neissena	C	－	＋	－	＋	＋	＋	O
Branhamella	C	－	＋	－	＋	＋	－	－
Acinetobacter	C/R	－	＋	－	＋	－	＋	O
Moraxella	R	－	＋		＋	＋	－
Brucella
Bordetella
Chromobacterium lividum	R	＋	＋	－	＋	＋	＋	O
Alcahsenes	R	＋	＋	－	＋	＋	－	－
Flavobacterium	R	－	＋	－	＋	＋	＋	O
Pseudomonas	R	＋	＋	＋	＋	＋	＋	O
Actinobacillus	R	－	＋	＋	＋	＋	＋	F
Pasteurella
Necromonas
Cardiobacterium	R	－	＋	＋	－	＋	＋	F
Chromobacterium violaceum
Beneckea	R	＋	＋	＋	＋	＋	＋	F
Vibrio
Plesiomonas
Aeromonas
腸内細菌	R	D	＋	＋	＋	－	＋	F
Haemophilus	R	－	＋	＋	D	－	D	NT
Eikenella	R	－	－*	＋	－	＋	－	－
Campylobacter	R	＋	－+1	－	D	＋	－	－
Streptobacillus+2	R	－	＋	＋	－	－	＋	F
マイコプラズマ	R	－	＋	＋	－	－	＋	F
1:Peptococcus, Peptostreptococus(あるいは Leuconostoc) 2:あるいはActinomyces odontolyticus D:その属の菌種によって反応が異なる。　d: 菌種によって反応が異なる。 F:発酵 O:酸化 W:弱反応・:不明 NT:テストできない <＋>:芽胞非形成筋もある C:球菌 R:桿菌・: 不明 *: 空気中では発育せず。空気CO2で発育。+1: 好気的または嫌気的には発育せず。5-6%O2中で発育。+2: あるいはShigella dysenteriae 1

「カルジオバクテリウム属」

　　[★]

ラ: Cardiobacterium
関: Cardiobacterium属、カルジオバクテリウム、カルジオバクテリウム科

「Cardiobacteriaceae」

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カルジオバクテリウム科

ルジオバクテリウム科

関: Cardiobacterium

「カルジオバクテリウム」

　　[★]

ラ: Cardiobacterium
関: カルジオバクテリウム属、Cardiobacterium属

「Cardiobacterium hominis」

　　[★]

ラ: Cardiobacterium hominis
日: カーディオバクテリウム・ホミニス
関: HACEK group

「Cardiobacterium属」

　　[★]

ラ: Cardiobacterium
関: カルジオバクテリウム属、カルジオバクテリウム

[pmid16955250-1] Malani, AN; Aronoff, DM; Bradley, SF; Kauffman, CA (September 2006). "Cardiobacterium hominis endocarditis: Two cases and a review of the literature". European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases 25 (9): 587–95. doi:10.1007/s10096-006-0189-9. PMC 2276845. PMID 16955250. Retrieved 2010-03-15.

[Savage-2] Savage, DD; Kagan, RL; Young, NA; Horvath, AE (January 1977). "Cardiobacterium hominis endocarditis: Description of two patients and characterization of the organism". Journal of Clinical Microbiology 5 (1): 75–80. PMC 274535. PMID 833269. Retrieved 2010-03-15.

[Wilson-3] Wilson, WR; Karchmer, AW; Dajani, AS; Taubert, KA; et al. (December 1995). "Antibiotic treatment of adults with infective endocarditis due to streptococci, enterococci, staphylococci, and HACEK microorganisms. American Heart Association". JAMA 274 (21): 1706–13. doi:10.1001/jama.274.21.1706. PMID 7474277. |access-date= requires |url= (help)

[pmid10790145-4] Lu, PL; Hsueh, PR; Hung, CC; Teng, LJ; et al. (May 2000). "Infective endocarditis complicated with progressive heart failure due to beta-lactamase-producing Cardiobacterium hominis". Journal of Clinical Microbiology 38 (5): 2015–7. PMC 86656. PMID 10790145. Retrieved 2010-03-15.

[isbn0-323-05470-6-5] Pfaller, Michael A.; Murray, Patrick R.; Rosenthal, Ken S. (2009). Medical Microbiology. Philadelphia: Mosby / Elsevier. p. 374. ISBN 0-323-05470-6.

[6] Torok, Estee; Moran, Ed; Cooke, Fiona (2009). Oxford Handbook of Infectious Diseases and Microbiolology. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780198569251. ^{[full citation needed]}

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案内

案内

Cardiobacterium