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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2014/08/27 08:27:32」(JST)
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Not to be confused with reticulocyte or reticular cell.
The mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) (also called Reticuloendothelial System or Macrophage System) is a part of the immune system that consists of the phagocytic cells[1] located in reticular connective tissue. The cells are primarily monocytes and macrophages, and they accumulate in lymph nodes and the spleen. The Kupffer cells of the liver and tissue histiocytes are also part of the MPS.
"Reticuloendothelial system" is an older term for the mononuclear phagocyte system, but it is used less commonly now, as it is understood that most endothelial cells are not macrophages.[2]
Contents
- 1 Cell Types and Locations
- 2 Functions
- 3 References
- 4 External links
Cell Types and Locations
The spleen is the largest unit of the mononuclear phagocyte system. The monocyte is formed in the bone marrow and transported by the blood; it migrates into the tissues, where it transforms into a histiocyte or a macrophage.
Macrophages are diffusely scattered in the connective tissue and in liver (Kupffer cells), spleen and lymph nodes (sinus histiocytes), lungs (alveolar macrophages), and central nervous system (microglia). The half-life of blood monocytes is about 1 day, whereas the life span of tissue macrophages is several months or years. The mononuclear phagocyte system is part of both humoral and cell-mediated immunity. The mononuclear phagocyte system has an important role in defense against microorganisms, including mycobacteria, fungi, bacteria, protozoa, and viruses. Macrophages remove senescent erythrocytes, leukocytes, and megakaryocytes by phagocytosis and digestion.
Cell Name |
Location |
Adipose tissue macrophages |
Adipose tissue |
Monocyte |
Bone Marrow/Blood |
Kupffer cell |
Liver |
Sinus histiocytes |
Lymph node |
Alveolar macrophage(dust cell) |
Pulmonary alveolus of Lungs |
Tissue macrophages (Histiocyte) leading to Giant cells |
Connective Tissues |
Langerhans cell |
Skin and Mucosa |
Microglia |
Central Nervous System |
Hofbauer cell |
Placenta |
Intraglomerular mesangial cell |
Kidney |
Osteoclasts |
Bone |
Epithelioid cells |
Granulomas |
Red Pulp Macrophage (Sinusoidal lining cells) |
Red pulp of Spleen |
Peritoneal macrophages |
Peritoneal cavity |
Functions
- Formation of new red blood cells (RBCs) and white blood cells (WBCs).
- Destruction of old RBCs and WBCs
- Formation of plasma proteins.
- Formation of bile pigments.
- Storage of iron. In the liver, Kupffer cells store excess iron from catabolism of heme from the breakdown of red blood cells. In bone marrow and spleen, iron is stored in MPS cells mostly as ferritin; in iron overload states, most of the iron is stored as hemosiderin.
References
- ^ Mononuclear Phagocyte System at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
- ^ Inderbir Singh (2006). Textbook of human histology. Jaypee Brothers Publishers. pp. 90–. ISBN 978-81-8061-809-3. Retrieved 12 November 2010.
External links
- 550502460 at GPnotebook
- Immunology at MCG 1/reticulo
Myeloid innate immune system
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Myeloid immune response |
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- Mast cell
- Basophil
- Eosinophil
- Phagocytes
- Neutrophil
- Macrophage/MPS
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cell/phys (coag, heme, immu, gran), csfs
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rbmg/mogr/tumr/hist, sysi/epon, btst
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drug (B1/2/3+5+6), btst, trns
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Myeloid lineage - Blood (WBC and RBC)
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Cellular/
HSCs |
Myeloid/
CFU-GEMM |
CFU-GM |
CFU-G:
Granulocytes |
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CFU-M:
Monocytes/
MPS |
Macrophages |
- Histiocytes
- Kupffer cells
- Alveolar macrophage
- Microglia
- Osteoclasts
- Epithelioid cells
- giant cells
- Langhans giant cells, Foreign-body giant cell
- Touton giant cells
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CFU-DL |
- Dendritic cells
- Langerhans cell
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Common |
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CFU-Baso |
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CFU-Eos |
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MEP |
CFU-Meg |
- Megakaryoblast (* primitive Kacheshmarova's cell)
- Megakaryocyte (Kacheshmarova's cell)
- Platelets
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CFU-E |
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CFU-Mast |
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Noncellular |
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cell/phys (coag, heme, immu, gran), csfs
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rbmg/mogr/tumr/hist, sysi/epon, btst
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drug (B1/2/3+5+6), btst, trns
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
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- PMID 27071682
- Biodistribution and fate of core-labeled 125I polymeric nanocarriers prepared by Flash NanoPrecipitation (FNP).
- Tang C1, Edelstein J1, Mikitsh JL2, Xiao E3, Hemphill AH 2nd4, Pagels R5, Chacko AM6, Prud'homme R5.
- Journal of materials chemistry. B, Materials for biology and medicine.J Mater Chem B Mater Biol Med.2016 Apr 14;4(14):2428-2434. Epub 2016 Mar 3.
- Non-invasive medical imaging techniques such as positron emission tomography (PET) imaging are powerful platforms to track the fate of radiolabeled materials for diagnostic or drug delivery applications. Polymer-based nanocarriers tagged with non-standard PET radionuclides with relatively long half-
- PMID 27073688
- Anticancer 20(R)-dammarane-3β,12β,20,25-tetrol-loaded polymeric micelles: Preparation, quantification and pharmacokinetics.
- Yu J1, Li Z1, Wang W2, Zhang Y1, Li D1, Liu Y1, Shen S3, Zhang R4.
- Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life sciences.J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci.2016 Apr 1;1022:13-20. doi: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2016.03.045. [Epub ahead of print]
- Polymeric micelles are effective drug-loading sites and often used to formulate poorly water-soluble agents. In the present study, the amphiphilic copolymer methoxy-capped poly(ethyleneglycol)-block-poly(Ɛ-caprolactone) (mPEG-b-PCL) was successfully developed for the delivery of 20(R)-dammarane-3β
- PMID 27070116
Japanese Journal
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- 北 和代,武下 泰三,松石 英城,古江 増隆
- 西日本皮膚科 76(4), 324-329, 2014
- 16 歳,男性。双極性感情障害に対し近医精神科通院中に希死念慮が強まったためラモトリギンを追加された。内服開始 2 週間後に皮疹が出現したため内服は中止され,バルプロ酸ナトリウムを開始された。 開始 5 日後には皮疹が増強し顔面に浮腫が出現した。11 病日に当科に紹介され,13 病日より入院治療を開始した。プレドニゾロン 30 mg/day の内服を開始するも改善なく,16 病日にプレドニゾロンコ …
- NAID 130004695265
- Encapsulation of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles into Red Blood Cells as a Potential Contrast Agent for Magnetic Particle Imaging
- , , , , , , ,
- Advanced Biomedical Engineering 3(0), 37-43, 2014
- … When magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are used as a contrast agent for magnetic particle imaging (MPI), they are rapidly excreted during systemic circulation by the reticuloendothelial system such as Kupffer cells in the liver. …
- NAID 130004568028
- Cholelithiasis in a Patient with Type 2 Gaucher Disease
- , , , , ,
- Journal of Nippon Medical School 81(1), 40-42, 2014
- … Gaucher disease is an autosomal recessively inherited lysosomal storage disease in which a deficiency of glucocerebrosidase is associated with the accumulation of glucocerebroside in reticuloendothelial cells. …
- NAID 130004147280
Related Links
- reticuloendothelial [rĕ-tik″u-lo-en″do-the´le-al] pertaining to the reticuloendothelium or to the reticuloendothelial system. reticuloendothelial system a network of cells and tissues found throughout the body, especially in the blood ...
- re·tic·u·lo·en·do·the·li·al (rĭ-tĭk′yə-lō-ĕn′də-thē′lē-əl) adj. Of or relating to the reticuloendothelial system. [reticul(um) + endothelial.] reticuloendothelial (rɪˌtɪkjʊləʊˌɛndəʊˈθiːlɪəl) adj (Physiology) physiol denoting or relating to a bodily ...
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 44歳 女性
- 主訴:頭痛
- 現病歴:前年より頭痛が続いていた。頭痛が増強してきたたため、当院受診となった。
- なお頭痛は両側性であり、夜に向かって増悪し、視覚障害、または嘔気は伴わない。その他に食欲減退と早朝覚醒を伴う睡眠障害がある。
- 嗜好歴:喫煙 15/day、飲酒 15units/week (350mlの缶ビール 10本)
- 社会歴:パートタイムのoffice cleaner。離婚している。2人の子供(10歳と12歳)の世話をしている。
- 家族歴:母が脳腫瘍で死亡。
- 既往歴:皮疹と過敏性腸症候群(当時はそれ以外になにも問題なかった)
- 服用薬:頭痛に対してパラセタモールかイブプロフェン
- 身体所見 examination
- 全身:引きこもっているように見える(withdrawn)。
- 脈拍:74/分、整。血圧:118/76 mmHg。
- システミックレビュー:心血管系、呼吸器系・消化器系、胸部および網内系は正常。神経学所見は正常。眼底所見は正常
- Q1. 診断は?
- Q2. 鑑別診断は?
- Q3. 管理方法は?
-
- ■鑑別診断
- 片頭痛 問診:(典型例では)眼症状に続く片側性、拍動性の頭痛で、悪心・嘔吐もあり、数時間持続。家族歴。
- 群発頭痛 問診:眼窩の激烈な痛み(行動不能になる程度)。
- 占拠病変による頭痛
- その他
- 副鼻腔炎 問診:頭重感、鼻汁の有無、発熱。診察:上顎洞・前頭洞の圧痛を触診、扁桃腺視診、頚部リンパ節触診
- 歯牙障害 歯科コンサルト
- 頚椎症 加齢による退行性変性を考慮しつつ、頚部の可動制限、疼痛、凝り感を問診。単純X線、MRIで診断。
- 緑内障 問診:視野。検査:視力、眼圧、視野、視神経乳頭形態、隅角検査
- 外傷後頭痛 外傷の既往歴、頭皮の視診
- □unit
- 1 unit = 10 ml of ethanol
- □350ml アルコール5%
- 350x0.05/10=1.75 unit
- ■glossary
- withdrawn
- v.
- withdrawのpp.
- adj.
- 1.(人が)引きこもった、内にこもった、世間と交わらない
- She looks withdrawn.
- 2.人里離れた、遠くにある
- 3.(商品などが市場から)回収された
- 4.(競争などから)撤退した
- reticuloendothelial system
- 細網内皮系 = 網内系
- dental disorder 歯牙障害
- bereavement
- n.
- 死別
- sneezing
[★]
網内系機能障害、網内系機能不全