WordNet
- accumulation in the blood of nitrogenous waste products (urea) that are usually excreted in the urine (同)uraemia, azotemia, azotaemia
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 尿毒症
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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2012/12/18 13:16:16」(JST)
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- 1. 成人における慢性腎臓病マネージメントの概要 overview of the management of chronic kidney disease in adults
- 2. Conservative management of end-stage renal disease
- 3. 末期腎不全患者におけるプライマリケア医としての腎臓専門医 the nephrologist as primary care clinician in patients with end stage renal disease
- 4. 緩和ケア：末期腎不全 palliative care end stage renal disease
- 5. 尿毒症における血小板機能不全 platelet dysfunction in uremia
English Journal
- Ma-Pi 2 macrobiotic diet and type 2 diabetes mellitus: pooled analysis of short-term intervention studies.
- Porrata-Maury C1, Hernández-Triana M, Ruiz-Álvarez V, Díaz-Sánchez ME, Fallucca F, Bin W, Baba-Abubakari B, Pianesi M.Author information 1Finlay Institute, Havana, Cuba.AbstractThe macrobiotic, Ma-Pi 2 diet (12% protein, 18% fat and 70% carbohydrate), has shown benefit in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This pooled analysis aims to confirm results from four, 21-day intervention studies with the Ma-Pi 2 diet, carried out in Cuba, China, Ghana and Italy. Baseline and end of study biochemical, body composition and blood pressure data, were compared using multivariate statistical methods and assessment of the Cohen effect size (d). Results showed that all measured indicators demonstrated significant changes (p < 0.001); most of them with a very high (d ≥ 1.30), or high (d = 0.80-1.29) effect size. The global effect size of the diet was Italy (1.96), China (1.79), Cuba (1.38) and Ghana (0.98). The magnitude of the individual effect on each variable by country, and the global effect by country, was independent of the sample size (p > 0.05). Similarly, glycemia and glycemic profiles in all four studies were independent of the sample size (p = 0.237). The Ma-Pi diet 2 significantly reduced glycemia, serum lipids, uremia and cardiovascular risk in adults with T2DM. These results suggest that the Ma-Pi 2 diet could be a valid alternative treatment for patients with T2DM and point to the need for further clinical studies. Mechanisms related to its benefits as a functional diet are discussed. © 2013 The Authors. Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
- Diabetes/metabolism research and reviews.Diabetes Metab Res Rev.2014 Mar;30 Suppl 1:55-66. doi: 10.1002/dmrr.2519.
- The macrobiotic, Ma-Pi 2 diet (12% protein, 18% fat and 70% carbohydrate), has shown benefit in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This pooled analysis aims to confirm results from four, 21-day intervention studies with the Ma-Pi 2 diet, carried out in Cuba, China, Ghana and Italy. Baselin
- PMID 24532293
- Desmopressin for reducing postoperative blood loss and transfusion requirements following cardiac surgery in adults.
- Wademan BH1, Galvin SD.Author information 1Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Wellington Regional Hospital, Wellington, New Zealand.AbstractA best evidence topic in cardiac surgery was written according to a structured protocol. The question addressed was, in adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery requiring extracorporeal cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), does administration of desmopressin acetate (DDAVP) reduce postoperative blood loss and transfusion requirements? Altogether 38 papers were found using the reported search, of which 19 represented the best evidence to answer the clinical question. The authors, journal, date and country of publication, patient group studied, study type, relevant outcomes and results of these papers are tabulated. Perioperative administration of DDAVP in adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery requiring CPB may result in a small but significant reduction in postoperative blood loss. However, this does not translate into a reproducible, clinically significant reduction in exposure to transfusion in unselected patients exposed to CPB. Several sub-groups of patients have been identified in whom DDAVP reduces postoperative blood loss and transfusion requirements. These sub-groups include patients who have received preoperative aspirin within 7 days of surgery, patients with CPB times in excess of 140 min and patients with demonstrable pre- or perioperative platelet dysfunction as determined by TEG analysis or platelet function assays. Platelet dysfunction at the time of surgery may be secondary to preoperative administration of antiplatelet medications, the result of pathological processes such as von Willebrands disease, uraemia or aortic stenosis with its associated sheer stress, as well as operative variables such as prolonged exposure to CPB. The evidence does not support the routine use of DDAVP in all cardiac surgery; indeed, it is clear that there is no significant reduction in postoperative blood loss or transfusion requirements with the administration of DDAVP in patients undergoing isolated coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in the absence of the features noted above. Given the absence of a clinically significant reduction in exposure to blood transfusion in unselected patients, we cannot recommend the routine use of DDAVP in patients exposed to CPB. However, DDAVP may reduce postoperative bleeding in patients who have received preoperative aspirin within 7 days of surgery, patients with CPB times in excess of 140 min and patients with demonstrable platelet dysfunction and should be used selectively in these subgroups.
- Interactive cardiovascular and thoracic surgery.Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg.2014 Mar;18(3):360-70. doi: 10.1093/icvts/ivt491. Epub 2013 Nov 21.
- A best evidence topic in cardiac surgery was written according to a structured protocol. The question addressed was, in adult patients undergoing cardiac surgery requiring extracorporeal cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), does administration of desmopressin acetate (DDAVP) reduce postoperative blood loss
- PMID 24263581
- Renal replacement therapy due to type 1 diabetes; time trends during 1995-2010 - A Swedish population based register study.
- Toppe C1, Möllsten A2, Schön S3, Jönsson A2, Dahlquist G2.Author information 1Department of Clinical Sciences, Pediatrics, Umeå University, Umeå; Department of Internal Medicine, Ryhov County Hospital, Jönköping. Electronic address: cecilia.toppe@lj.se.2Department of Internal Medicine, Ryhov County Hospital, Jönköping.3Diaverum Renal Services Group, Lund, & Swedish Renal Registry, Jönköping.AbstractBACKGROUND: End stage renal disease (ESRD), is the most severe complication of diabetes mellitus. This population-based study analysed time trends for start of renal replacement therapy (RRT) due to type 1 diabetes compared to type 2 diabetes and other diagnoses.
- Journal of diabetes and its complications.J Diabetes Complications.2014 Mar-Apr;28(2):152-5. doi: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2013.10.007. Epub 2013 Oct 22.
- BACKGROUND: End stage renal disease (ESRD), is the most severe complication of diabetes mellitus. This population-based study analysed time trends for start of renal replacement therapy (RRT) due to type 1 diabetes compared to type 2 diabetes and other diagnoses.MATERIAL AND METHODS: We used data on
- PMID 24332762
Japanese Journal
- Relationship between renal apparent diffusion coefficient values and glomerular filtration rate in infants with congenital hydronephrosis
- , , , , , ,
- BioScience Trends 8(5), 274-279, 2014
- … The 46 obstructed kidneys were classified into four groups according to the GFR level: renal dysfunction compensated group, renal dysfunction decompensated group, renal failure group, and uremia group. …
- NAID 130004708160
- Non-traumatic Ocular and Periocular Hemorrhages in a Hypertensive Patient under Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis and Warfarin Therapy
- , , , , , ,
- Internal Medicine 53(20), 2337-2339, 2014
- … The bleeding tendency caused by uremia and the use of warfarin during uncontrolled high blood pressure were most likely responsible for her ocular and periocular hemorrhages. …
- NAID 130004699295
- Plasma Indoxyl Sulfate and Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate:– Association With Long-Term Clinical Outcome in Patients With Coronary Artery Disease –
- , , , , , , , ,
- Circulation Journal 78(10), 2477-2482, 2014
- Background:Indoxyl sulfate (IS), a uremic toxin, has cardiovascular as well as uremic toxicity. We evaluated the prognostic value of blood IS level for long-term outcome.Methods and Results:This study …
- NAID 130004677642
Related Links
- Uremia or uraemia (see spelling differences) is a term used to loosely describe the illness accompanying kidney failure (also called renal failure), in particular the nitrogenous waste products associated with the failure of this organ. [1] ...
- Uremia Information Including Symptoms, Diagnosis, Treatment, Causes, Videos, Forums, and local community support. Find answers to health issues you can trust from BetterMedicine.com ... What is uremia? Uremia is a state in ...
Related Pictures
![US pharmacist]Understanding Uremia 認識](https://1mg.info/0/g/w/0254.jpg)
★リンクテーブル★
| リンク元 | 「意識障害」「尿毒症」「uremic」「uraemic」「尿毒」 |
| 拡張検索 | 「uremia-related disorder of central nervous system」 |
「意識障害」
分類
時間による分類
- 急性/慢性, 持続性/一過性
PSY.38
- 単純な意識障害
- 複雑な意識障害
- 意識障害に関連した特殊な病態
意識レベルの分類 覚醒度
- Mayo Clinicの分類
救急 意識障害をみたら
- AIUEOTIPS (also see DIF.96)
| 症候学プリント | DIF.95 | ||
| A | alcohol | アルコール関連 | accidents, arterial occlusions, arteriosclerosis, aneurysms, autoimmune disorders |
| I | insulin | インスリン関連(低血糖、糖尿病性ケトアシドーシス、非ケトン性高浸透圧性昏睡) | inflammatory, intoxication (encephalitis, cerebral abcess, meningitis, alcoholism, opiates, barbiturates) |
| U | uremia | 尿毒症、電解質異常、内分泌異常、肝性脳症 | undefined disorders (narcolepsy, conversion hysteria) |
| E | encephalopathy, endocrinopathy, electrolyte | 脳症(脳炎、脳血管障害)、てんかん後 | endocrine disorders(myxedema coma, hyperparathyroidism, diabetic coma, insulin shock), epileptic coma |
| O | opiate, other overdose of O2 & CO2 | 薬物中毒 | organ failure(hepatic coma, respiratory failure, uremia) |
| T | trauma, tumor, temparature | 頭部外傷、脳挫傷、硬膜外血腫、硬膜下血腫 | |
| I | infection | 感染症、髄膜炎 | |
| P | psychogenic | 精神疾患 | |
| S | syncope, seizure, stroke, shock, senile | 失神、クモ膜下出血 | |
意識障害を来した患者が来た場合：どのような疾患を鑑別に挙げるべきか(IMD.237)
- 1. 脳原発の疾患(一次性)
- a. テント上病変(脳幹の圧迫性病変ないし脳ヘルニアをきたす疾患)
- 1) 脳血管障害:脳出血、脳梗塞
- 2) 硬膜下血腫
- 3) 脳腫瘍:原発性、転移性
- 4) 脳膿瘍
- b. テント下病変(脳幹網様体の障害)
- 1) 脳幹出血、脳幹梗塞、小脳出血、小脳梗塞、脳腫痛、多発性硬化症など
- c. びまん性病変
- 1) くも膜下出血、中枢神経感染症:髄膜炎、脳炎、 播種性血管内凝固症候群など
- 2. 全身疾患に伴う病態(二次性)
- a. 代謝性またはびまん性病変
- 1) ショック:心筋梗塞、大出血など
- 2) 薬物、毒物
- 3) 無酸素ないし低酸素血症
- 4) DIC、全身性感染症:敗血症など
- 5) 肝不全、腎不全、糖尿病性高血糖、重症肝炎、内分泌疾患など
- 6) 低血糖、ビタミンB1欠乏: Wernicke脳症
- 7) 脳振盪、てんかん大発作後
- 8) 酸塩基平衡および電解質異常
- 9) 栄養障害
- b. 心因性無反応
- 1) ヒステリー、統合失調症
意識障害をきたす電解質異常
- QB.D-345
- カリウムは静止膜電位にかかわるが、ニューロンの活動にはそれほど関わらないから、意識障害はきたしにくいのかもしれない。
- pHの異常も局所的に干渉されるため意識障害をきたしにくいのかもしれない。
意識障害の評価法
- 英
- evaluation of consciousness disturbance
- Glasgow coma scale GCS
- Japan coma scale JCS
「尿毒症」
概念
- 腎不全 ＋ 嘔気・嘔吐、中枢神経症状など ＝ 尿毒症
- Ccrが正常の10%以下になると尿毒症症状が出現する(YN.E-28)
- 末期腎不全に見られる病態。
症候
- 全身：浮腫、全身倦怠感
- 神経：
- 眼：
- 味覚：
- 呼吸器：クスマウル大呼吸、尿毒症肺(肺水腫、肺うっ血)、胸膜炎、呼吸困難、胸水貯留
- 循環器：高血圧、心不全、心膜炎(心嚢炎)、心筋炎、不整脈
- 消化器：、嘔気・嘔吐、食欲不振、便秘・下痢、消化管出血、潰瘍、腹痛、イレウス、腹水
- 口腔 ：味覚障害、口内炎、アンモニア口臭
- 骨代謝：
- 筋：
- 性機能：
- 皮膚：掻痒感、出血斑、茶褐色化、皮膚出血、紫斑
- 血液：
- 貧血：
- 血小板機能不全による出血傾向 (参考1)：血小板凝集能低下と血小板粘着能の低下
参考
- 1. [charged]尿毒症における血小板機能不全 - uptodate [1]
「uremic」
- adj.
- 尿毒症性の、尿毒症の、尿毒性の、尿毒の
「uraemic」
- adj.
- 尿毒症性の、尿毒症の