DC-SIGN

同

CD209

同

CD209

WordNet

1. place signs, as along a road; "sign an intersection"; "This road has been signed"
2. (medicine) any objective evidence of the presence of a disorder or disease; "there were no signs of asphyxiation"
3. a perceptible indication of something not immediately apparent (as a visible clue that something has happened); "he showed signs of strain"; "they welcomed the signs of spring" (同)mark
4. a character indicating a relation between quantities; "dont forget the minus sign"
5. a fundamental linguistic unit linking a signifier to that which is signified; "The bond between the signifier and the signified is arbitrary"--de Saussure
6. a gesture that is part of a sign language
7. a public display of a message; "he posted signs in all the shop windows"
8. engage by written agreement; "They signed two new pitchers for the next season" (同)contract, sign on, sign_up
9. approve and express assent, responsibility, or obligation; "All parties ratified the peace treaty"; "Have you signed your contract yet?" (同)ratify
10. communicate silently and non-verbally by signals or signs; "He signed his disapproval with a dismissive hand gesture"; "The diner signaled the waiters to bring the menu" (同)signal, signalize, signalise
11. mark with ones signature; write ones name (on); "She signed the letter and sent it off"; "Please sign here" (同)subscribe
12. be engaged by a written agreement; "He signed to play the casino on Dec. 18"; "The soprano signed to sing the new opera"
13. communicate in sign language; "I dont know how to sign, so I could not communicate with my deaf cousin"
14. the 4th letter of the Roman alphabet (同)d

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. (ある事実・状態・感情などの)『表れ』,印,気配,徴侯(indication);(…の)こん跡,計跡《+『of』+『名』》・『身ぶり』,手まね,合図 / 『標識』,看板 / (数学・音楽などの)記号 / (…の)『象徴』,シンボル(symbol)《+『of』+『名』》・《文》(…の)『前兆』,きざし《+『of』+『名』》・宮(きゅう)(黄道12区分の一つ) ・〈手紙・書類・作品など〉‘に'『署名する』・(…に)〈名前など〉‘を'書く《+『名』+『on』(『to』)+『名』》 / …‘を'雇う契約に署名する・…‘を'合図する,知らせる;…に合図する・署名する・契約書に署名して雇われる
2. deuteriumの化学記号

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/10/24 19:58:23」(JST)

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[Wiki en表示]

CD209 molecule
PDB rendering based on 1k9i.
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB List of PDB id codes 1K9I, 1SL4, 1SL5, 2B6B, 2IT5, 2IT6, 2XR5, 2XR6
Identifiers
Symbols	CD209 ; CDSIGN; CLEC4L; DC-SIGN; DC-SIGN1
External IDs	OMIM: 604672 MGI: 2157942 HomoloGene: 128353 ChEMBL: 1795114 GeneCards: CD209 Gene
Gene ontology Molecular function • protein binding • mannose binding • carbohydrate binding • peptide antigen binding • virion binding • metal ion binding Cellular component • cytoplasm • plasma membrane • cell surface • membrane • integral component of membrane • extracellular exosome Biological process • stimulatory C-type lectin receptor signaling pathway • endocytosis • heterophilic cell-cell adhesion via plasma membrane cell adhesion molecules • leukocyte cell-cell adhesion • cell-cell recognition • modulation by virus of host morphology or physiology • virion attachment to host cell • viral genome replication • antigen processing and presentation • intracellular signal transduction • regulation of T cell proliferation • innate immune response • peptide antigen transport • intracellular transport of virus Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	30835	170780
Ensembl	ENSG00000090659	ENSMUSG00000040197
UniProt	Q9NNX6	Q91ZW7
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_001144893	NM_130905
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001138365	NP_570975
Location (UCSC)	Chr 19: 7.74 – 7.75 Mb	Chr 8: 3.85 – 3.85 Mb
PubMed search	[1]	[2]

DC-SIGN (Dendritic Cell-Specific Intercellular adhesion molecule-3-Grabbing Non-integrin) also known as CD209 (Cluster of Differentiation 209) is a protein which in humans is encoded by the CD209 gene.

DC-SIGN is a C-type lectin receptor present on the surface of both macrophages and dendritic cells. DC-SIGN on macrophages recognises and binds to mannose type carbohydrates, a class of pathogen associated molecular patterns PAMPs commonly found on viruses, bacteria and fungi. This binding interaction activates phagocytosis. On myeloid and pre-plasmacytoid dendritic cells DC-SIGN mediates dendritic cell rolling interactions with blood endothelium and activation of CD4+ T cells, as well as recognition of pathogen haptens.

Function

DC-SIGN is a C-type lectin and has a high affinity for the ICAM3 molecule. It binds various microorganisms by recognizing high-mannose-containing glycoproteins on their envelopes and especially functions as receptor for several viruses such as HIV and Hepatitis C. Binding to DC-SIGN can promote HIV and Hepatitis C virus to infect T-cell from dendritic cells. Thus binding to DC-SIGN is an essential process for HIV infection.

Besides functioning as an adhesion molecule, recent study has also shown that DC-SIGN can initiate innate immunity by modulating toll-like receptors, though the detailed mechanism is not yet known. DC-SIGN together with other C-type lectins is involved in recognition of tumors by dendritic cells. DC-SIGN is also a potential engineering target for dendritic cell based cancer vaccine.

Role in HIV infection

This molecule is involved in the initial stages of the human immunodeficiency virus infection, as the HIV gp120 molecule causes co-internalization of the DC-SIGN molecule and HIV virus particle (virion). The dendritic cell then migrates to the cognate lymphoid organ, whereupon recycling of the DC-SIGN/HIV virion complex to the cell periphery facilitates HIV infection of CD4⁺ T cells by interaction between DC-SIGN and ICAM-3.

Gene family

DC-SIGN/CD209 is an animal "C-lectin", a large and diverse family of proteins found in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes most of which are functional lectins, meaning they bind carbohydrate ligands, and whose ligand-binding affinity requires calcium (hence "C-lectin"). Among the animal C-lectins, a subfamily known as the ASGR (asialoglycoprotein receptors) group contains several sub-sub-families, many of which are important to innate immunity.

A cluster of genes in both humans and mice contains three related members of the "DC Receptor" class, so named because of their homology to DC-SIGN. Of these, CD23 is, however, not expressed on dendritic cells but is a characteristic surface molecule of B lymphocytes, and LSectin (CLEC4G) is expressed on the sinusoidal endothelium of the liver. The third gene group consists of multiple paralogues of CD209. Thus, both primates and mice have multiple paralogues of CD209 more closely related to each other within the species than to their orthologous counterparts in the other species. Higher primates have at least three DC-SIGN genes, DC-SIGN, DC-SIGNL1 and DC-SIGNL2, although not all three are present in every species; DC-SIGNL2 has not been detected in humans. Eight paralogous of DC-SIGN have been reported in the laboratory mouse strain C57BL/6; these go by the names DC-SIGN,DC-SIGNR2...DC-SIGNR8. DC-SIGNR6 is a pseudogene. The genes labeled "DC-SIGN" in the human and mouse are thus not unique orthologues, although they resemble each other functionally and by being expressed on dendritic cells. Other members of the mouse CD209 gene group are differentially expressed on different cell types. For example, DC-SIGNR1 is expressed largely on macrophages in the marginal zones of the spleen and in the medulla of lymph nodes.

References

Further reading

• Geijtenbeek TB, Engering A, Van Kooyk Y (2002). "DC-SIGN, a C-type lectin on dendritic cells that unveils many aspects of dendritic cell biology". J. Leukoc. Biol. 71 (6): 921–31. PMID 12050176. 
• Baribaud F, Doms RW, Pöhlmann S (2006). "The role of DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR in HIV and Ebola virus infection: can potential therapeutics block virus transmission and dissemination?". Expert Opin. Ther. Targets 6 (4): 423–31. doi:10.1517/14728222.6.4.423. PMID 12223058. 
• Bénichou S, Benmerah A (2003). "[The HIV nef and the Kaposi-sarcoma-associated virus K3/K5 proteins: "parasites"of the endocytosis pathway]". Med Sci (Paris) 19 (1): 100–6. doi:10.1051/medsci/2003191100. PMID 12836198. 
• van Kooyk Y, Geijtenbeek TB (2003). "DC-SIGN: escape mechanism for pathogens". Nat. Rev. Immunol. 3 (9): 697–709. doi:10.1038/nri1182. PMID 12949494. 
• Turville S, Wilkinson J, Cameron P; et al. (2004). "The role of dendritic cell C-type lectin receptors in HIV pathogenesis". J. Leukoc. Biol. 74 (5): 710–8. doi:10.1189/jlb.0503208. PMID 12960229. 
• Cambi A, Figdor CG (2004). "Dual function of C-type lectin-like receptors in the immune system". Curr. Opin. Cell Biol. 15 (5): 539–46. doi:10.1016/j.ceb.2003.08.004. PMID 14519388. 
• Joseph AM, Kumar M, Mitra D (2005). "Nef: "necessary and enforcing factor" in HIV infection". Curr. HIV Res. 3 (1): 87–94. doi:10.2174/1570162052773013. PMID 15638726. 
• Stove V, Verhasselt B (2006). "Modelling thymic HIV-1 Nef effects". Curr. HIV Res. 4 (1): 57–64. doi:10.2174/157016206775197583. PMID 16454711. 
• Ortiz M, Kaessmann H, Zhang K, Bashirova A, Carrington M, Quintana-Murci L, Telenti A. (2008). "The evolutionary history of the CD209 (DC-SIGN) family in humans and non-human primates". Genes Immun 9 (6): 483–492. doi:10.1038/gene.2008.40. PMC 2701223. PMID 18528403. 
• Becer CR, Gibson MI, Geng J, Ilyas R, Wallis R, Mitchell D, Haddleton DM (2010). "High-Affinity Glycopolymer Binding to Human DC-SIGN and Disruption of DC-SIGN Interactions with HIV Envelope Glycoprotein". J. Am. Chem. Soc. 132 (43): 15130–15132. doi:10.1021/ja1056714. PMC 3091610. PMID 20932025. 

External links

• DC-SIGN at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.

UpToDate Contents

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• 5. 痛風の臨床症状および診断 clinical manifestations and diagnosis of gout

English Journal

• Antiviral Immune Responses by Human Langerhans Cells and Dendritic Cells in HIV-1 Infection.

• van den Berg LM, Geijtenbeek TB.SourceDepartment of Experimental Immunology, Academic Medical Center (AMC), University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, 1105 AZ, The Netherlands, l.m.vandenberg@amc.uva.nl.
• Advances in experimental medicine and biology.Adv Exp Med Biol.2013;762:45-70. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4614-4433-6_2.
• The main route of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection is via unprotected sexual intercourse, and therefore, vaginal tissues and male foreskin are viral entry sites. Langerhans cells (LCs) and dendritic cells (DCs) are amongst the first immune cells encountering HIV-1 since these cells l
• PMID 22975871

• Binding of DC-SIGN to glycoproteins expressed in glycoengineered Pichia pastoris.

• Cukan MC, Hopkins D, Burnina I, Button M, Giaccone E, Houston-Cummings NR, Jiang Y, Li F, Mallem M, Mitchell T, Moore R, Nylen A, Prinz B, Rios S, Sharkey N, Zha D, Hamilton S, Li H, Stadheim TA.SourceAnalytical Development, GlycoFi, Inc., Merck & Co., 21 Lafayette Street, Suite 200, Lebanon, New Hampshire 03766, USA.
• Journal of immunological methods.J Immunol Methods.2012 Dec 14;386(1-2):34-42. doi: 10.1016/j.jim.2012.08.015. Epub 2012 Sep 14.
• Previous studies have shown that glycoproteins expressed in wild-type Pichia pastoris bind to Dendritic cell-SIGN (DC-Specific Intercellular adhesion molecule-3 Grabbing Nonintegrin), a mannose-binding receptor found on dendritic cells in peripheral tissues which is involved in antigen presentation
• PMID 22982058

Japanese Journal

• C-型レクチンDC-SIGNを介したIL-10産生と免疫制御 (特集 自然免疫と炎症・自己免疫)

• 高原 和彦,石黒 俊史
• 臨床免疫・アレルギー科 60(6), 603-610, 2013-12
• NAID 40019921769

• Difference in fine specificity to polysaccharides of Candida albicans mannoprotein between mouse SIGNR1 and human DC-SIGN.

• Takahara Kazuhiko,Arita Takuya,Tokieda Sumika,Shibata Nobuyuki,Okawa Yoshio,Tateno Hiroaki,Hirabayashi Jun,Inaba Kayo
• Infection and immunity 80(5), 1699-1706, 2012-05
• … C-type lectin SIGNR1 directly recognizes Candida albicans and zymosan and has been considered to share properties of polysaccharide recognition with human DC-SIGN (hDC-SIGN). … However, the precise specificity of SIGNR1 and the difference from that of hDC-SIGN remain to be elucidated. … We prepared soluble forms of SIGNR1 and hDC-SIGN and conducted experiments to examine their respective specificities. …
• NAID 120004161058

• Involvement of SOCS-1-mediated degradation of mal in the suppression of TLR2-mediated signaling by DC-SIGN-mediated signaling

• OHTANI Makoto,TANIZUME Naoho,HASEBE Akira,SHIBATA Ken-ichro
• 日本マイコプラズマ学会雑誌 = Japanese Journal of Mycoplasmology 38, 53, 2012-03-31
• NAID 10030541600

Related Links

• 抗CD209抗体 | サイトメトリードットコム/ベックマン・コールター

CD209抗原は、Dendritic cell（DC）-specific intracellular adhesion molecule 3（ICAM3）-grabbing non-integrin（DC-SIGN）とも呼ばれ、糖認識ドメイン（CRD）を持つ分子量44kDaのⅡ型膜貫通C型レクチン分子です。他のC型 ...

• DC-SIGN: Friend or Foe?: R&D Systems - Products ...

R&D uses cookies to give you the best experience on our website. If you continue to use our services, we'll assume that you're happy with this. ... Fig. 1. DC present in mucosal tissues at sites of HIV-1 exposure express DC-SIGN.

Related Pictures

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「接着分子」「CD209」
関連記事	「sign」「D」「DC」「dC」「DCs」

「接着分子」

　　[★]

英

adhesion molecule

同

接着因子

関

接着分子のファミリー

• インテグリンファミリー
• Igスーパーファミリー
• セレクチンファミリー
• CD44ファミリー
• カドヘリンファミリー

白血球の相互作用に関与している接着分子 (IMM.87)

グループ名	機能	名称	別名		組織分布	リガンド
セレクチン	炭化水素鎖に結合。 白血球-内皮細胞の反応を開始	P-selectin	PADGEN	CD62P	活性化した内皮細胞、活性化した血小板	PSGL-1, sialyl-Lewisx
		E-selectin	ELAM-1	CD62E	活性化した内皮細胞	sialyl-Lewisx
インテグリン	CAMや細胞外マトリックスに結合。 強い結合	LFA-1	αL:β2	CD11a:CD18	単球、T細胞、マクロファージ、好中球、樹状細胞	ICAMs
		CR3, Mac-1	αM:β2	CD11b:CD18	好中球、単球、マクロファージ	ICAM-1, iC3b, fibrinogen
		CR4, p150.95	αX:β2	CD11c:CD18	樹状細胞、マクロファージ、好中球	iC3b
		VLA-5	α5:β1	CD49d:CD29	単球、マクロファージ	fibronectin
免疫グロブリンスーパーファミリー	細胞結合で様々に働く。 インテグリンの基質	ICAM-1		CD54	活性化した内皮細胞	LFA-1, MAC1
		ICAM-2		CD102	非活性化状態の内皮細胞、樹状細胞	LFA-1
		VCAM-1		CD106	活性化した内皮細胞	VLA-4
		PECAM		CD31	活性化した白血球、内皮細胞間の結合	CD31

白血球の相互作用に関与している免疫グロブリンスーパーファミリーの接着分子 (IMM.329)

名称		分布組織	リガンド
CD2	LFA-2	T細胞	LFA-1	CD53
ICAM-1	CD54	活性化した血管、リンパ球、樹状細胞	LFA-1, Mac-1
ICAM-2	CD102	非活性化状態の血管	LFA-1
ICAM-3	CD50	Naive T cells	DC-SIGN, LFA-1
LFA-3	CD58	リンパ球、APC	CD2
VCAM-1	CD106	活性化した内皮細胞	VLA-4

-接着分子

-細胞接着分子

-カドヘリン

「CD209」

　　[★]

関

DC-SIGN

同

Dendritic cell-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3 grabbing non- integrin

関

DC-SIGN

「sign」

　　[★]

• n.

• 徴候、兆候、サイン、(数学)符号

関

indication、manifestation、signature、stigma、stigmata、symptom、symptomatic

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　

「D」

　　[★]

• アスパラギン酸
• ジヒドロウリジン
• 遠位の distal,
• うつ病 depression
• 下行結腸 descending colon(大腸内視鏡検査の結果を記載するときに用いる)

　 　

「DC」

　　[★]

• 樹状細胞 dendritic cell
• 直流 direct current

同

dyskeratosis congenita

「dC」

　　[★]

• デオキシシチジン

関

CdR、deoxycytidine

「DCs」

　　[★] 樹状細胞。dendritic cells