WordNet

the 1st letter of the Roman alphabet (同)a
the blood group whose red cells carry the A antigen (同)type_A, group A

PrepTutorEJDIC

answer / ampere

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2017/08/24 04:16:41」(JST)

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Ain is a département of France.

Ain or AIN may also refer to:

Medical

Anal intraepithelial neoplasia, a precursor to anal cancer
Anterior interosseous nerve serving the forearm
Acute interstitial nephritis, nephritis affecting the interstitium of the kidneys

People

Given name

Ain is a common Estonian masculine given name

Ain Evard (born 1962), Soviet/Estonian high jumper
Ain Kaalep (born 1926), Estonian poet, playwright, literary critic and translator
Ain Lutsepp (born 1954), Estonian actor and politician
Ain Mäeots (born 1971), Estonian actor and director
Ain-Ervin Mere (1903–1969), Estonian military officer
Ain Padrik (born 1947), Estonian architect
Ain Roost (born 1946), Canadian discus thrower of Estonian origin
Ain Saar (born 1968), Estonian freedom fighter
Ain Sillak (Alfred Schmidt; 1898–1972), Estonian weightlifter
Ain Tammus (born 1969), Estonian footballer and coach

Surname

Gregory Ain (1908–1988), American architect
Kenneth B. Ain, American endocrinologist and author

Fictional

Ain (mythology), an Irish mythological figure

Places

Ain (Bible), a biblical city
Ain (river), a river in eastern France
Epsilon Tauri or Ain, an orange giant star
Al Ain, a city in the United Arab Emirates
Ain, Iran, a village in Qazvin Province, Iran
El Ain, a city near Beirut
Aín, a town in eastern Spain
El Ain, Beqaa, Lebanon

Other

Ain (letter) or ʿayin, a letter in Semitic scripts such as Arabic and Hebrew
Ain (film), a Malayalam-language Indian film
Al Ain Club, a football club in the United Arab Emirates
Albany International, an American industrial goods company whose stock trades under the AIN ticker symbol
Advanced Intelligent Network in mobile telecoms
Aluminium nitride
American Independent Network, a TV network
Aintree railway station, Liverpool, England (code: AIN)
Autonomous Individuals Network, formerly known as Thee Temple ov Psychick Youth
Advanced Intelligent Network (AIN) – Variant of Intelligent Network, Telecommunications network architecture

UpToDate Contents

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1. 急性間質性腎炎の臨床症状および診断 clinical manifestations and diagnosis of acute interstitial nephritis
2. 急性間質性腎炎の治療 treatment of acute interstitial nephritis
3. 好酸球の生物学および好酸球増多症の原因 eosinophil biology and causes of eosinophilia
4. 尿中好酸球の意義 the significance of urinary eosinophils
5. 尿細管間質性腎炎とブドウ膜炎（TINU症候群） tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis tinu syndrome

English Journal

Effect of extract of Hibiscus on the ultrastructure of the testis in adult mice.

Mahmoud YI.SourceDepartment of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia Cairo, Egypt. yomna_ia@yahoo.com
Acta histochemica.Acta Histochem.2012 Jul;114(4):342-8. Epub 2011 Jul 27.
Hibiscus sabdariffa extract is a popular beverage in many tropical and sub-tropical countries. Although, Hibiscus tea is known for its medicinal effects for thousands of years, scientific evidence of its systemic safety is very limited. The current study aimed to assess the potential adverse effects
PMID 21798576

Environmental factors underlying spatial patterns of sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) associated with leishmaniasis in southern Sinai, Egypt.

Kassem HA, Siri J, Kamal HA, Wilson ML.SourceInstitute of Environmental Studies and Research, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Postal Code 11566 Cairo, Egypt.
Acta tropica.Acta Trop.2012 Jul;123(1):8-15. Epub 2012 Mar 3.
Although Leishmania major is endemic in parts of the Sinai of Egypt, the ecology and distribution of Leishmania sand fly vectors in southern Sinai has not been well characterized. Accordingly, additional sand fly samples were obtained at 41 sites in the southern Sinai region during 1996-1997, and an
PMID 22410540

Japanese Journal

Novel Pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine Derivatives: Synthesis, Characterization, Antimicrobial and Antiproliferative Profile

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 39(4), 473-483, 2016
NAID 130005141687

Synthesis, Antimicrobial and Anti-inflammatory Activity of Some New Benzoxazinone and Quinazolinone Candidates

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 64(3), 263-271, 2016
NAID 130005131587

Design and Synthesis of New Phthalazinone Derivatives Containing Benzyl Moiety with Anticipated Antitumor Activity

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 39(2), 239-251, 2016
NAID 130005122357

Related Pictures

carte Ain 品番 64005 3 AIN AIN Classic Gents Silver Dial Brown Ain - le département numéro 01 Annonce immobilière Ain Ain - Les bonnes adresses Département de l' Ain Ain

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「プロトンポンプ阻害薬」「急性尿細管間質性腎炎」「急性間質性腎炎」
関連記事	「AI」「A」

「プロトンポンプ阻害薬」

　　[★]

英: proton pump inhibitor PPI
同: プロトン-カリウムATPアーゼ阻害薬 proton-potassium ATPase inhibitor、H＋ポンプ阻害薬

命名法："-azole"
特徴

胃潰瘍の治癒率を向上する (⇔H2受容体拮抗薬)

プロトンポンプ阻害薬

消化性潰瘍治療薬

攻撃因子抑制剤

プロトンポンプ阻害薬

相互作用

　プロトンポンプ　
　　H+/K+ ATPase　・・・これはNa+/K+ ATPaseと60%相同性を持つ
　　　2,4のαサブユニットと同数のβサブユニットを含む。
　　　　αサブユニット10回膜貫通, 120-150kDa, glycoprotein
　　　　αは管腔側、原形質膜まで。細胞内輸送に必要。
　　　　βサブユニットは管腔側に突き出ており、反対側は膜内に埋もれている。

　休止期には小胞体内内腔へのH+,K+,Cl-の移動、分泌期には小胞は管腔の細胞膜と癒合してK+, Cl-を管腔側に排出する一方でH+を排出でしてK+を取り込む。

　PPIは弱塩基性

　PPIはH+と反応してPPIaとなりS-S-活性体となり、H+,K+-ATPaseのSH基と結合して不可逆的に阻害する。

　比較
　　PPI：胃潰瘍の治癒率↑
　　H2R阻害薬：十二指腸潰瘍の治癒率↑

　PPI問題
　　胃潰瘍8
　　十二指腸6
　　逆流性食道炎8
　副作用
　　血中ガストリン↑→ECL cell↑→リバウンドが激しい
　　week end therapy: 週末3日だけ投与後休薬
　　ピレンゼピン(Mi R blocker), PG(プロスタグランジン)　→　ガストリン↑を軽減
　　ラベプラゾール：ガストリン濃度を上げず酸分泌↓
　　　→リバウンドが少ない。

　PPI抵抗性潰瘍：PPIによる酸分泌抑制不十分
　①個人差によるPPIの用量不足
　②胃内でのPPIの不活性化→
　　胃内容の排泄遅延。PPIが不活化、アルカリに晒される。