WordNet
- a sudden occurrence (or recurrence) of a disease; "he suffered an epileptic seizure" (同)ictus, raptus
- the taking possession of something by legal process
- characterized by a lack of tonus
- used of syllables; "an atonic syllable carries no stress" (同)unaccented
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 〈U〉〈C〉つかむ(つかまれる)こと / 〈U〉〈C〉強奪;差し押さえ;逮捕 / 〈C〉(病気・恐怖などが)襲うこと,発作
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2015/12/04 13:39:45」(JST)
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Atonic seizure |
Classification and external resources |
Specialty |
neurology |
ICD-10 |
G40.3 |
MeSH |
D004832 |
Atonic seizures (also called drop seizures, akinetic seizures or drop attacks), are a type of seizure that consist of a brief lapse in muscle tone that are caused by temporary alterations in brain function. The seizures are brief - usually less than fifteen seconds. They begin in childhood and may persist into adulthood. The seizure itself causes no damage, but the loss of muscle control can result in indirect damage from falling. Electroencephalography can be used to confirm diagnosis. It is rare and can be indicative of Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (see Henri Gastaut).
Atonic seizures can occur while standing, walking or sitting, and are often noticeable by a head drop (the neck muscles relaxing) and damage sometimes results from hitting the face or head. As with common epileptic occurrences, no first aid is needed post-seizure, except in the instances where falling injuries have occurred. In some cases, a person may become temporarily paralyzed in part of his or her body. This usually does not last longer than 3 minutes.
Treatment
There is no specific treatment for patients with a seizure disorder. Each treatment plan is tailored to the individual patient based on their diagnosis and symptoms. Treatment options may include medical therapy, nerve stimulation, dietary therapy, or surgery, as appropriate. Clinical trials may also be a valuable treatment alternative. Usually, anticonvulsants are given based on other symptoms and / or associated problems. Because the areas of the cerebellum which determine increases and decreases in muscular tonus are close together, people experiencing atonic seizures are most likely experiencing myoclonic ones too, at some point. This may play a role in therapy and diagnostic.[1]
References
- ^ http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/neurology_neurosurgery/specialty_areas/epilepsy/seizures/types/drop-attack-atonic-seizures.html
- Information about Atonic Seizures from Epilepsy Foundation
- Atonic Seizures : Epilepsy.com
- Epilepsy Ontario :: Seizure Types :: Atonic Seizures
Seizure typesAura (warning sign)Postictal stateEpileptogenesisEpilepsy in children
Seizures and epilepsy (G40–G41, 345)
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Basics |
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Treatments |
- Anticonvulsants
- Electroencephalography (diagnosis method)
- Epileptologist
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Personal issues |
- Epilepsy and driving
- Epilepsy and employment
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Seizure types
Epilepsy types |
Focal |
- Seizures
- Simple partial
- Complex partial
- Gelastic seizure
- Epilepsy
- Temporal lobe epilepsy
- Frontal lobe epilepsy
- Rolandic epilepsy
- Nocturnal epilepsy
- Panayiotopoulos syndrome
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Generalised |
- Tonic-clonic
- Absence seizure
- Atonic seizure
- Automatism
- Benign familial neonatal epilepsy
- Lennox-Gastaut
- Doose syndrome
- West
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Status epilepticus |
- Epilepsia partialis continua
- Complex partial status epilepticus
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Myoclonic epilepsy |
- Progressive myoclonus epilepsies
- Dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy
- Unverricht-Lundborg disease
- MERRF syndrome
- Lafora disease
- Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy
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Non-epileptic
seizures |
- Febrile seizure
- Psychogenic non-epileptic seizures
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Related disorders |
- Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy
- Todd's paresis
- Landau-Kleffner syndrome
- Epilepsy in animals
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Epilepsy
organizations |
- Citizens United for Research in Epilepsy
- Epilepsy Action
- Epilepsy Action Australia
- Epilepsy Foundation (USA)
- Epilepsy Outlook (UK)
- Epilepsy Research UK
- Epilepsy Toronto
- International Dravet Epilepsy Action League
- Epilepsy Society
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Index of the central nervous system
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Description |
- Anatomy
- meninges
- cortex
- association fibers
- commissural fibers
- lateral ventricles
- basal ganglia
- diencephalon
- mesencephalon
- pons
- cerebellum
- medulla
- spinal cord
- Physiology
- Development
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Disease |
- Addiction
- Cerebral palsy
- Meningitis
- Demyelinating diseases
- Seizures and epilepsy
- Headache
- Stroke
- Sleep
- Congenital
- Injury
- Neoplasms and cancer
- Other
- Symptoms and signs
- head and neck
- eponymous
- lesions
- Tests
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Treatment |
- Procedures
- Drugs
- general anesthetics
- analgesics
- dependence
- epilepsy
- cholinergics
- migraine
- Parkinson's
- vertigo
- other
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Atonic phenomena in focal seizures: Nomenclature, clinical findings and pathophysiological concepts.
- Kovac S, Diehl B.SourceInstitute of Neurology, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, UK; Department of Neurology, University of Muenster, Muenster, Germany.
- Seizure : the journal of the British Epilepsy Association.Seizure.2012 Jul 10. [Epub ahead of print]
- Atonic seizures have traditionally been described in patients with generalized epilepsies; however, ictal atonia is increasingly recognized as a phenomenon of focal seizures. Recognition of atonia as a manifestation of focal seizures is crucial in order to not mislabel these events as non-epileptic.
- PMID 22789404
- Is the ketogenic diet effective in specific epilepsy syndromes?
- Nangia S, Caraballo RH, Kang HC, Nordli DR, Scheffer IE.SourceChildren's Memorial Hospital Epilepsy Center, 2300 Children's Plaza, Box 29, Chicago, IL, 60614-3363, United States.
- Epilepsy research.Epilepsy Res.2012 Jul;100(3):252-7. Epub 2012 Mar 15.
- Is the ketogenic diet (KD) more effective in certain epilepsy syndromes The KD has been shown to be effective in treating multiple seizure types and epilepsy syndromes. We review the effectiveness of the KD in Dravet syndrome, epilepsy with myoclonic-atonic seizures, mitochondrial disease, tuberous
- PMID 22424762
Japanese Journal
- 脳梁離断術の歴史と手術適応(<特集>てんかん外科)
- 馬場 啓至,小野 智憲,戸田 啓介,馬場 史郎
- 脳神経外科ジャーナル 16(3), 177-183, 2007-03-20
- 脳梁離断術は発作の二次性全般化を防止する目的で1940年Van WagenenとHerrenにより報告された.しかしながらその後,全般発作に対する有効性が確認され,過去30年多くの症例に行われた.特に脱力発作,強直発作,全般性強直間代発作に有効で,複雑部分発作についてはその効果が一定していない.手術適応を含め,手術時期,離断範囲など未解決の点も多い.切除外科とは異なり,脳梁離断術はあくまで緩和手術 …
- NAID 110006223984
- Partial Epilepsy Manifesting Atonic Seizure: Report of Two Cases
- SATOW Takeshi,IKEDA Akio,YAMAMOTO Junichi,TAKAYAMA Motohiro,MATSUHASHI Masao,OHARA Shinji,MATSUMOTO Riki,BEGUN Tahamina,FUKUYAMA Hidenao,HASHIMOTO Nobuo,SHIBASAKI Hiroshi
- Epilepsia : journal of the International League against Epilepsy 43(11), 1425-1431, 2002-11-01
- NAID 10010879895
Related Links
- seizure /sei·zure/ (se´zhur) 1. the sudden attack or recurrence of a disease. 2. a single episode of epilepsy, often named for the type it represents. ... Tonic and atonic seizures, also known as "drop attacks," cause the body to fall ...
- What is an atonic seizure? Muscle "tone" is the muscle's normal tension. "Atonic" (a-TON-ik) means "without tone," so in an atonic seizure, muscles suddenly lose strength. The eyelids may droop, the head may nod, and the person ...
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- epilepsy
- ラ
- epilepsia
- 同
- 癲癇
- 関
- 抗てんかん薬、てんかん発作 seizure
091009 III
- 大脳灰白質神経細胞の過剰で無秩序な電気的発射による
WHOの定義
- さまざまな原因で起こる慢性の脳疾患で、大脳神経細胞の過剰な放電からくる繰り返す発作(てんかん発作)を主な徴候とし、多種多様な臨床及び検査所見を伴う
分類
-
- 1. 運動徴候を有するもの
- 2. 知覚症状を有するもの
- 3. 自律神経症状ないし徴候を有するもの
- 4. 精神症状を有するもの
-
- a. 単純部分発作で発症し、意識障害が次に続く
- b. 自動症を伴う
- 1. 単純部分発作で全身発作に進展
- 2. 複雑郡分発作で全身発作に進展
- 3. 単純部分発作で複雑部分発作、全身発作へと進展
- 全般発作 primarily generalized seizure
- 未分類てんかん発作 unclassified seizure
てんかん、てんかん症候群および発作性関連疾患の分類(1989) (PED.1424)
-
-
- 3. 焦点性か全般性かを決定できないてんかん及び症候群
-
単純化
- 特発性全般性てんかん
- 特発性局所関連性てんかん:大脳の特定の位置に焦点がある
- 症候性全般性てんかん
- 症候性局所関連性てんかん:大脳の特定の位置に焦点がある
疫学
- 200人に1人 (0.5%)
- 人口1000対3-10(0.3-1.0%) (PSY.376)
病因
-
- 出産障害(酸素不足)、先天性異常、熱性血栓症
- 外傷、腫瘍
- GABA作動性ニューロンなどの抑制性のニューロンは損傷を受けやすい→ニューロンの過剰興奮につながる
症状
- post ictal state:もうろうとした状態。
- postictal psychosis:発作後精神病はてんかんの発作後に幻覚妄想状態が出現するものであり、数時間から数日の経過で消退する。
- 慢性経過のてんかんで幻覚妄想状態が出現しうる、らしい。
診断
- てんかん発作→バイタルサインの確認→医療面接→身体所見・神経学的所見
医療面接
病歴の問診
- てんかん治療ガイドライン2010
- 発作の頻度
- 発作の状況と誘因(光過敏性など)
- 発作の前および発作中の症状(身体的,精神的症候および意識障害)
- 症状の持続
- 発作に引き続く症状
- 外傷,咬舌,尿失禁の有無
- 発作後の頭痛と筋肉痛
- 複数回の発作のある患者では初発年齢
- 発作および発作型の変化・推移
- 最終発作
- 発作と覚醒・睡眠との関係
身体所見・神経学的所見
- 1. 外傷、咬舌の有無
- 2. 尿失禁の有無
- 3. 意識レベル:発作時の意識の有無、post ictal state(発作後のもうろう状態)
- 4. 眼位:眼球偏倚(皮質注視中枢が興奮することにより、病側と反対側を見つめる)
- 5. 局所神経症状の有無
治療
[★]
- 英
- cataplexy、atonic seizure
- 同
- カタプレクシー、カタプレキシー、無緊張発作?、感情性筋緊張消失、情動性筋緊張消失
- 関
- てんかん発作、全般発作
治療
[★]
- 英
- atonic seizure
- 関
- 脱力発作
[★]
- 関
- atonia、atony
[★]
てんかん発作