WordNet

the quantity contained in a bowl (同)bowlful
a concave shape with an open top (同)trough
roll (a ball)
a small round container that is open at the top for holding tobacco (同)pipe bowl
a dish that is round and open at the top for serving foods
a round vessel that is open at the top; used chiefly for holding food or liquids;
a wooden ball (with flattened sides so that it rolls on a curved course) used in the game of lawn bowling
engage in the sport of bowling; "My parents like to bowl on Friday nights"
hurl a cricket ball from one end of the pitch towards the batsman at the other end
not solid; having a space or gap or cavity; "a hollow wall"; "a hollow tree"; "hollow cheeks"; "his face became gaunter and more hollow with each year"
a cavity or space in something; "hunger had caused the hollows in their cheeks"
a small valley between mountains; "he built himself a cabin in a hollow high up in the Appalachians" (同)holler
remove the interior of; "hollow out a tree trunk" (同)hollow out, core out
as if echoing in a hollow space; "the hollow sound of footsteps in the empty ballroom"
a leg bowed outward at the knee (or below the knee) (同)bow_leg, bandyleg, bandy leg, genu_varum, tibia_vara
a state of affairs in which you have no privacy; "the president lives in a goldfish bowl" (同)fish bowl, fishbowl
a large bowl for serving beverages; usually with a ladle
small bowl for rinsing the fingers at table
a bowl for serving soup
something curved in shape (同)arc
play on a string instrument with a bow
a knot with two loops and loose ends; used to tie shoelaces (同)bowknot
front part of a vessel or aircraft; "he pointed the bow of the boat toward the finish line" (同)fore, prow, stem
a decorative interlacing of ribbons
a slightly curved piece of resilient wood with taut horsehair strands; used in playing certain stringed instruments
a stroke with a curved piece of wood with taut horsehair strands that is used in playing stringed instruments
a weapon for shooting arrows, composed of a curved piece of resilient wood with a taut cord to propel the arrow
bending the head or body or knee as a sign of reverence or submission or shame or greeting (同)bowing, obeisance
an appearance by actors or performers at the end of the concert or play in order to acknowledge the applause of the audience (同)curtain_call
bend ones knee or body, or lower ones head; "He bowed before the King"; "She bowed her head in shame" (同)bow down
bend the head or the upper part of the body in a gesture of respect or greeting; "He bowed before the King"
(cricket) the act of delivering a cricket ball to the batsman
a game in which balls are rolled at an object or group of objects with the aim of knocking them over or moving them
the playing of a game of tenpins or duckpins etc
managing the bow in playing a stringed instrument; "the violinists bowing was excellent"

PrepTutorEJDIC

『どんぶり,はち;わん』,茶わん,ボール / どんぶり(はち)1杯の量 / (…の)丸くくぼんだ部分《+『of』+『名』》 / 《米》(はち形の)円形競技場(stadium)
(遊戯用の)木球 / (bowling, bowlsで)球をころがすこと / ボーリングをする / 《副詞句を伴って》(クリケットで)投球する / 〈車などが〉すべるように走る《+『along』》 / 〈球〉'を'ころがす / (クリケットで)〈球〉'を'投げる / (ボーリングなどで)〈点随〉'を'出る
『空洞のある』,(物の内側が)からになっている,うつろの / おわんの(凹(おう))形をした,(表面が)へこんだ / (ほお・目が)落ちくぼんだ / (音・声が)低くこもった,にぶい,うつろな / 実質(内容)のない,うわべだけの / 『穴』(木などの)うつろ;(物の表面の)『くぼみ』,へこみ / (山間の)くぼ地,谷間 / (中をくり(掘り)ぬいて)〈物〉‘を'作る《+『out』+『名』,+『名』+『out』》 / 〈物〉‘を'うつろにする《+『out』+『名』,+『名』+『out』》 / 徹底的に
『弓』 / (楽器の)弓 / 弓形,弓形のもの(にじなど) / (リボンなどの)ちょう結び;ちょうネクタイ(bowtie) / (めがねの)つる / 〈バイオリンなど〉'を'弓でひく
(…に)『身をかがめる』,頭をさげる,おじぎをする《+『down』『to』+『名』》 / (…に)屈服する,従う《+『to』+『名』》 / 〈ひざ・腰〉'を'かがめる,(頭など)'を'さげる / …'を'曲げる / 〈感謝など〉'を'おじぎをして示す / …'を'身をかがめて案内する / おじぎ,えしゃく
《時に複数形で;単数扱い》(ボート・船・飛行機の)『先端部』;へさき,機取 / ベートの最前部のオール;そのこぎ手
球ころがし,(特に)ボーリング[の競技]
弦楽器の)弓を使う方法(技術);弓を使った演奏法
球ころがし(芝生で行う木球競技)

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/12/29 14:03:31」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

This article is about the food vessel. For other uses, see Bowl (disambiguation).

Simple ceramic bowl with blue glazed trim

A bowl is a round, open-top container used in many cultures to serve food, and is also used for drinking and storing other items. They are typically small and shallow, although some, such as punch bowls and salad bowls, are larger and often intended to serve many people.

Bowls have existed for thousands of years. Very early bowls have been found in China, Ancient Greece, Crete and in certain Native American cultures. Modern bowls can be made of ceramic, metal, wood, plastic, and other materials. Their appearance can range from very simple designs of a single color to sophisticated artwork.

Ancient history[edit]

In examining bowls found during an archaeological dig in North America, the anthropologist Vincas Steponaitis defines a bowl by its dimensions, writing that a bowl's diameter rarely falls under half its height and that historic bowls can be classified by their edge, or lip, and shape. The British/American standard soup bowl has a mouth, the opening not including the extent of its lip, with a diameter of 18.5 centimetres, and should be able to adequately accommodate at least 24 ounces of liquid.

In classical Greece, small bowls, including phiales and pateras, and bowl-shaped cups called kylices were used. History of Ancient Pottery describes how phiales were used for libations and included a small dent in the center for the bowl to be held with a finger, although one source indicates that these were used to hold perfume rather than wine. Some Mediterranean examples from the Bronze Age manifest elaborate decoration and sophistication of design. For example the bridge spouted vessel design appeared in Minoan at Phaistos.^[1] In Chinese pottery there are many elaborately painted bowls and other vessels dating to the Neolithic period. As of 2009, the oldest found is 18,000 years old.^[2]

Gallery[edit]

Transparent glass bowl of fruit. Wall painting in the Roman Villa Boscoreale, Italy (1st century AD)
Qing era Chinese porcelain bowl
A set of wooden bowls found on board the 16th century ship Mary Rose
Slender-waisted bowl (a Vietnamese type of bowl)

Notes[edit]

^ Hogan (2007)
^ The World: Science Podcast. #17: U.S. "Science Envoys", Nobel winners strategize on global warming, and ten million years of laughter. Public Radio International, June 5, 2009.

References[edit]

C. Michael Hogan Phaistos fieldnotes, The Modern Antiquarian, 2007
Vincas P. Steponaitis. 1983. Ceramics, Chronology, and Community Patterns: An Archaeological Study at Moundville, pp 68–69. New York: Academic Press. ISBN 0-12-666280-0. (Table of contents available online)
H. B. Walters. 1905. History of Ancient Pottery: Greek, Etruscan, and Roman, pp 140,191–192. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons.

External links[edit]

The Phiale of Achyris - On the website of the Archeological Institute of America. The Phiale is dated from 300 BC and is made of gold, includes pictures.
Corning Museum of Glass

UpToDate Contents

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English Journal

Ceramic nuclear fuel mechanical resistance development by means of dynamic impact testing.

Santana HH, Maier G, Rodenas J.SourceDepartment of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering, Universidad Politecnica de Valencia, Valencia, Spain; AREVA, AREVA NP GmbH, Erlangen, Germany.
Applied radiation and isotopes : including data, instrumentation and methods for use in agriculture, industry and medicine.Appl Radiat Isot.2011 Aug;69(8):1159-61. Epub 2010 Dec 17.
In commercial reactors where a 'pellet missing surface' is observed a cladding crack has also been observed several times. Chips are produced mainly by dynamic impacts during pellet production process as a whole, i.e. emptying the sintering boats, pellets handling, vibration in the bowl feeder and g
PMID 21190863

Fabrication of superhydrophobic polymer films with hierarchical silver microbowl array structures.

Xu M, Lu N, Qi D, Xu H, Wang Y, Shi S, Chi L.SourceState Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China; Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China.
Journal of colloid and interface science.J Colloid Interface Sci.2011 Aug 1;360(1):300-4. Epub 2011 Apr 21.
Flexible superhydrophobic polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) films with silver bowl-like array structure are fabricated based on the thermal evaporation with sphere monolayer as templates and the modification of 1H, 1H, 2H, 2H-perfluorodecanethiol on silver surface. The silver microbowl arrays were composed of
PMID 21549389

Direct patterning of a cyclotriveratrylene derivative for directed self-assembly of C(60).

Osner ZR, Nyamjav D, Holz RC, Becker DP.SourceDepartment of Chemistry, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL 60626, USA.
Nanotechnology.Nanotechnology.2011 Jul 8;22(27):275611. Epub 2011 May 25.
A novel apex-modified cyclotriveratrylene (CTV) derivative with an attached thiolane-containing lipoic acid linker was directly patterned onto gold substrates via dip-pen nanolithography (DPN). The addition of a dithiolane-containing linker to the apex of CTV provides a molecule that can adhere to a
PMID 21613686

Spin resolved photoelectron spectroscopy of [Mn(6)(III)Cr(III)](3 + ) single-molecule magnets and of manganese compounds as reference layers.

Helmstedt A, Muller N, Gryzia A, Dohmeier N, Brechling A, Sacher MD, Heinzmann U, Hoeke V, Krickemeyer E, Glaser T, Bouvron S, Fonin M, Neumann M.SourceFakultat fur Physik, Universitat Bielefeld, Universitatsstrase 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany.
Journal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal.J Phys Condens Matter.2011 Jul 6;23(26):266001. Epub 2011 Jun 15.
Properties of the manganese-based single-molecule magnet [Formula: see text] are studied. It contains six Mn(III) ions arranged in two bowl-shaped trinuclear triplesalen building blocks linked by a hexacyanochromate and exhibits a large spin ground state of S(t) = 21/2. The dominant structures in th
PMID 21673400

Japanese Journal

1990年代から2000年代に大卒女性の就業継続行動はどう変わったか : 26～33歳を対象とした聞き取り調査より

永瀬伸子,守泉理恵
生活社会科学研究 17, 1-21, 2011-03-08
… The questionarises, why do many Japanese female university graduates quit working?For the purposes of focusing on women in their early careers yet with solid workexperience, we created an in depth interview with seventeen university graduated women,within the age group of 26 to 33 years old, in the Tokyo metropolitan area by using asnow bowl sampling method. …
NAID 120003001471

ピート栽培における培地量と給液制御方法がイチゴの生育と収量に及ぼす影響

吉田裕一,廣瀬泰久,森本由香里,後藤丹十郎
岡山大学農学部学術報告 100, 17-23, 2011-02-01
… In the yield and root growth, there were large differences between peat bags (2.25L/plant) and bowl-shaped containers (0.6-1.5L/plant), and highly significant non-linear regressions between the two parameters and the root-zone volume. …
NAID 120002828170

農業への統合型ものづくりシステム導入可能性に関する試論 : (株)サラダボウルにおける収穫作業の標準作業策定の取り組みより

東秀忠
山梨学院大学現代ビジネス研究 4, 39-49, 2011-02-01
NAID 110008152906

Mapping the band structure of a surface phononic crystal

Maznev A. A.,Wright O. B.,Matsuda O.
New Journal of Physics 13, 013037, 2011-01
… In the vicinity of the bandgap formed at the Brillouin zone boundary, the first and second dispersion sheets take the form of a saddle and a bowl, respectively, in agreement with a weak perturbation model. …
NAID 120002893837