seed plant

• 種子植物、種子植物類

WordNet

1. see and understand, have a good eye; "The artist must first learn to see"
2. the seat within a bishops diocese where his cathedral is located
3. be careful or certain to do something; make certain of something; "He verified that the valves were closed"; "See that the curtains are closed"; "control the quality of the product" (同)check, insure, see to it, ensure, control, ascertain, assure
4. deem to be; "She views this quite differently from me"; "I consider her to be shallow"; "I dont see the situation quite as negatively as you do" (同)consider, reckon, view, regard
5. accompany or escort; "Ill see you to the door" (同)escort
6. deliberate or decide; "See whether you can come tomorrow"; "lets see--which movie should we see tonight?"
7. go to see for a social visit; "I went to see my friend Mary the other day"
8. go to see for professional or business reasons; "You should see a lawyer"; "We had to see a psychiatrist"
9. match or meet; "I saw the bet of one of my fellow players"
10. observe as if with an eye; "The camera saw the burglary and recorded it"
11. perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight; "You have to be a good observer to see all the details"; "Can you see the bird in that tree?"; "He is blind--he cannot see"
12. receive as a specified guest; "the doctor will see you now"; "The minister doesnt see anybody before noon"
13. place something or someone in a certain position in order to secretly observe or deceive; "Plant a spy in Moscow"; "plant bugs in the dissidents apartment"
14. (botany) a living organism lacking the power of locomotion (同)flora, plant life
15. buildings for carrying on industrial labor; "they built a large plant to manufacture automobiles" (同)works, industrial plant
16. an actor situated in the audience whose acting is rehearsed but seems spontaneous to the audience
17. something planted secretly for discovery by another; "the police used a plant to trick the thieves"; "he claimed that the evidence against him was a plant"
18. put firmly in the mind; "Plant a thought in the students minds" (同)implant
19. put or set (seeds, seedlings, or plants) into the ground; "Lets plant flowers in the garden" (同)set
20. place into a river; "plant fish"
21. sprinkle with silver iodide particles to disperse and cause rain; "seed clouds"
22. a mature fertilized plant ovule consisting of an embryo and its food source and having a protective coat or testa
23. a small hard fruit
24. inoculate with microorganisms
25. remove the seeds from; "seed grapes"
26. bear seeds
27. distribute (players or teams) so that outstanding teams or players will not meet in the early rounds
28. go to seed; shed seeds; "The dandelions went to seed"
29. help (an enterprise) in its early stages of development by providing seed money
30. make plans for something; "He is planning a trip with his family"
31. scale drawing of a structure; "the plans for City Hall were on file" (同)architectural plan
32. a series of steps to be carried out or goals to be accomplished; "they drew up a six-step plan"; "they discussed plans for a new bond issue" (同)program, programme
33. have the will and intention to carry out some action; "He plans to be in graduate school next year"; "The rebels had planned turmoil and confusion" (同)be after
34. make or work out a plan for; devise; "They contrived to murder their boss"; "design a new sales strategy"; "plan an attack" (同)project, contrive, design
35. having the seeds extracted; "seeded raisins"
36. sprinkled with seed; "a seeded lawn" (同)sown
37. (of the more skilled contestants) selectively arranged in the draw for position in a tournament so that they meet each other in later rounds
38. having or supplied with seeds; "a seeded breadfruit"; "seeded rolls"
39. having seeds as specified; "many-seeded"; "black-seeded"

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. (視野にはいって)…‘が'『見える』,(目にとめて)…‘を'『見る』,(夢・空想の中で)…‘を'見る / 〈名所など〉‘を'『見物する』;〈劇・映画など〉‘を'見る / …‘を'『理解する』,‘が'分かる / …‘を'予見する,予測する / …‘を'判断する / …‘を'調べる,確かめる / …‘を'取り計らう,…‘に'気を配る / (…まで)〈人〉‘と'いっしょに行く,〈人〉‘を'送り届ける《+『名』+『to』+『名』》 / …‘を'体験する,‘に'遭遇する / 〈人〉‘に'会う,面会する;…‘を'訪問する;〈医者など〉‘に'見てもらう,〈医者が〉〈患者〉‘を'見る / 『見える』,見る / 『理解する』,わかる / 調べる,見てみる,考えてみる
2. 司教区 / 司教の地位;司教管轄権
3. (動物に対して)『植物』,草木・(樹木に対して)『草』,草本(そうほん)( 木部があまり発達せず地上部が一年で枯れる植物)・苗,苗木・生産設備,工場,プラント設備,装置・《俗》(人をおとしいれる)わな,おとり / 〈苗など〉‘を'『植える』,〈種〉‘を'まく・(植物を) ‘に'植える《+『名』+『with』+『名』》 / (…に)〈思想など〉‘を'植えつける《+『名』+『in』+『名』》・《場所の副詞[句]を伴って》(ある場所)…‘を'しっかりと置く(すえる,立てる) / ・〈工場・生産設備など〉‘を'建設する・《俗》〈スパイ〉‘を'送りこむ,〈わな〉‘を'仕掛ける・（嫌疑がかかるように）こっそり置く
4. 〈U〉〈C〉『種』,種子 / 〈C〉《複数形で》(物事・事件などの)原因,根源,種 / 〈U〉(聖書で)子供たち,子孫 / 〈土地〉‘に'『種をまく』,まく;(…を)…‘に'まく《+『名』+『with』+『名』》 / 〈果物など〉‘の'種を除く / 〈チーム・競技者など〉‘を'シードする / (人工雨を降らすため)〈雲〉‘に'ドライアイス(その他の化学薬品)を散布する / 〈植物が〉種(実)を生ずる;種(実)を落とす
5. 『計画』,『案』,プラン,設計 / 『設計図』,『図面』;(小区域の)地図,市街図 / …‘を'『計画する』,‘の'案を立てる / …の設計図をかく,‘を'設計する / 計画を立てる

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/04/04 03:46:34」(JST)

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[Wiki en表示]

Seed Plants Temporal range: Devonian? or earlier to recent
Welwitschia mirabilis a member of the Gnetophyta
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Subkingdom:	Embryophyta
(unranked):	Spermatophyta
Divisions
Cycadophyta Ginkgophyta Pinophyta Gnetophyta Magnoliophyta Pteridospermatophyta†
Synonyms
Phanerogamae

The spermatophytes (from the Greek word "Σπερματόφυτα") (also known as phanerogams or phenogamae) comprise those plants that produce seeds, hence the alternate name Seed plants. They are a subset of the embryophytes or land plants.

Description

The living spermatophytes form five groups:

• cycads, a subtropical and tropical group of plants with a large crown of compound leaves and a stout trunk,
• Ginkgo, a single living species of tree,
• conifers, cone-bearing trees and shrubs,
• gnetophytes, woody plants in the genera Ephedra, Gnetum, and Welwitschia
• angiosperms, (or magnoliophyta) the flowering plants, a large group including many familiar plants in a wide variety of habitats.

In addition to the taxa listed above, the fossil record contains evidence of many extinct taxa of seed plants. The so-called "seed ferns" (Pteridospermae) were one of the earliest successful groups of land plants, and forests dominated by seed ferns were prevalent in the late Paleozoic. Glossopteris was the most prominent tree genus in the ancient southern supercontinent of Gondwana during the Permian period. By the Triassic period, seed ferns had declined in ecological importance, and representatives of modern gymnosperm groups were abundant and dominant through the end of the Cretaceous, when angiosperms radiated. Another Late Paleozoic group of probable spermatophytes were the gigantopterids.

Evolution

Main article: Evolutionary history of plants#Seeds

A whole genome duplication event in the ancestor of seed plants occurred about 319 million years ago. This gave rise to a series of evolutionary changes that resulted in the origin of seed plants.

A middle Devonian precursor to seed plants from Belgium has been identified predating the earliest seed plants by about 20 million years. Runcaria, small and radially symmetrical, is an integumented megasporangium surrounded by a cupule. The megasporangium bears an unopened distal extension protruding above the mutlilobed integument. It is suspected that the extension was involved in anemophilous pollination. Runcaria sheds new light on the sequence of character acquisition leading to the seed. Runcaria has all of the qualities of seed plants except for a solid seed coat and a system to guide the pollen to the seed.

Relationships and nomenclature

Further information: Gnetophyta#Classification

Seed-bearing plants were traditionally divided into angiosperms, or flowering plants, and gymnosperms, which includes the gnetophytes, cycads, ginkgo, and conifers. Older morphological studies believed in a close relationship between the gnetophytes and the angiosperms, in particular based on vessel elements. However, molecular studies (and some more recent morphological and fossil papers) have generally shown a clade of gymnosperms, with the gnetophytes in or near the conifers. For example, one common proposed set of relationships is known as the gne-pine hypothesis and looks like:

	angiosperms (flowering plants)
gymnosperms	cycads Ginkgo Pinaceae (the pine family) gnetophytes other conifers

However, the relationships between these groups should not be considered settled.

Other classifications group all the seed plants in a single division, with classes for our five groups:

• Division Spermatophyta
  • Cycadopsida, the cycads
  • Ginkgoopsida, the ginkgo
  • Pinopsida, the conifers, ("Coniferopsida")
  • Gnetopsida, the gnetophytes
  • Magnoliopsida, the flowering plants, or Angiospermopsida

A more modern classification ranks these groups as separate divisions (sometimes under the Superdivision Spermatophyta):

• Cycadophyta, the cycads
• Ginkgophyta, the ginkgo
• Pinophyta, the conifers
• Gnetophyta, the gnetophytes
• Magnoliophyta, the flowering plants

References

UpToDate Contents

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• 1. 小児での潜在的に毒性を持つ植物の摂取による臨床症状および評価 clinical manifestations and evaluation of potentially toxic plant ingestions in children
• 2. 食物アレルゲン：臨床的特徴および交叉反応の概要 food allergens overview of clinical features and cross reactivity
• 3. ピーナッツ　、木の実、および種子アレルギー：臨床的特徴 peanut tree nut and seed allergy clinical features
• 4. ピーナッツ　、木の実、および種子アレルギー：診断 peanut tree nut and seed allergy diagnosis
• 5. 小児における毒性植物摂取のマネージメント management of toxic plant ingestions in children

English Journal

• The Effect of Pre-sowing Seed Treatment with Metal Nanoparticles on the Formation of the Defensive Reaction of Wheat Seedlings Infected with the Eyespot Causal Agent.

• Panyuta O1, Belava V2, Fomaidi S3, Kalinichenko O4, Volkogon M5, Taran N6.
• Nanoscale research letters.Nanoscale Res Lett.2016 Dec;11(1):92. doi: 10.1186/s11671-016-1305-0. Epub 2016 Feb 16.
• The paper presents research data of lipid peroxidation and lectin activity in wheat seedlings at seed treatment with solution of metal nanoparticles (Zn, Ag, Fe, Mn, Cu) and sole solution of copper nanoparticles under the high pathogen infection background of Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides (Fro
• PMID 26880729

• Impact of Metal Nanoform Colloidal Solution on the Adaptive Potential of Plants.

• Taran N1, Batsmanova L2, Kovalenko M3, Okanenko A4.
• Nanoscale research letters.Nanoscale Res Lett.2016 Dec;11(1):89. doi: 10.1186/s11671-016-1294-z. Epub 2016 Feb 15.
• Nanoparticles are a known cause of oxidative stress and so induce antistress action. The latter property was the purpose of our study. The effect of two concentrations (120 and 240 mg/l) of nanoform biogenic metal (Ag, Cu, Fe, Zn, Mn) colloidal solution on antioxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase
• PMID 26876039

• Characterisation of the aminopeptidase from non-germinated winter rape (Brassica napus L.) seeds.

• Kania J1, Gillner DM2.
• Food chemistry.Food Chem.2016 Sep 15;207:180-6. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.03.097. Epub 2016 Mar 30.
• Rapeseed plays a crucial role in food and fuel industry. Since aminopeptidases take part in many physiological processes in all organisms, it is important to learn their role and characteristics in economically relevant plants. Extracts of non-germinated winter rape seeds were screened for aminopept
• PMID 27080895

Japanese Journal

• Factors affecting the genetic diversity of a perennial herb Viola grypoceras A. Gray var. grypoceras in urban fragmented forests

• Toma Yuichi,Imanishi Junichi,Yokogawa Masashi,Hashimoto Hiroshi,Imanishi Ayumi,Morimoto Yukihiro,Hatanaka Yuki,Isagi Yuji,Shibata Shozo
• Landscape Ecology 30(8), 1435-1447, 2015-10
• … [Context]Habitat fragmentation is likely to have deleterious genetic consequences for plant populations. … grypoceras, a perennial herbaceous species with short-distance seed dispersal, from 12 fragmented and 12 suburban forests each at Kyoto City, Japan, and analyzed the genetic diversity of this species by developing six simple sequence repeat markers. …
• NAID 120005650296

• 北海道苅間川の遊水池に播種したヒシによる栄養塩の除去機能

• 宮下 洋平,小林 淳希,田中 邦明,今井 一郎
• 北海道大学水産科学研究彙報 65(2), 101-109, 2015-08-20
• … The aim of this study is to find a way to improving the water quality using a floating plant Trapa japonica Flerow. … The values of pH tended to be lower at high seed density spot after August. … High seed density spot exhibited lower DIN than that of low seed density spot especially in June. … The concentrations of phosphate and silicate were lower in high seed density spot than those of low seed density spot. …
• NAID 120005649147

• Difference inStriga-susceptibility is reflected in strigolactone secretion profile, but not in compatibility and host preference in arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis in two maize cultivars

• Yoneyama Kaori,Arakawa Ryota,Ishimoto Keiko,Kim Hyun Il,Kisugi Takaya,Xie Xiaonan,Nomura Takahito,Kanampiu Fred,Yokota Takao,Ezawa Tatsuhiro,Yoneyama Koichi
• New Phytologist 206(3), 983-989, 2015-05
• … ・Strigolactones released from plant roots trigger both seed germination of parasitic weeds such as Striga spp. … Generally, strigolactone composition in exudates is quantitatively and qualitatively different among plants, which may be involved in susceptibility and host specificity in the parasite-plant interactions. …
• NAID 120005595699

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「種子植物」「種子植物類」
関連記事	「see」「plan」「seed」「seeding」「plant」

「種子植物」

　　[★]

英

seed plant

関

種子植物類

「種子植物類」

　　[★]

英

seed plant

関

種子植物

「see」

　　[★]

• v.

• (過去saw-過去分詞seen)見る、わかる、取り計らう、理解する

関

appreciate、arrange、comprehend、comprehension、find、grasp、look、prove、realization、realize、turn out、understand、understanding、watch

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　

「plan」

　　[★]

• n.

• 計画、予定、プラン

• v.

• 計画する、予定する

関

design、destine、enterprise、planning、predetermine、program、programme、project、prospective、schedule、schema、scheme

　 　 　 　 　 　

「seed」

　　[★]

• n.

• 種子、種、シーズ

• v.

• 播種する

関

disseminate、dissemination、inoculate、inoculation、plant embryo、seminal、sowing、species、trivial

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　

「seeding」

　　[★]

• n.

• 接種、シーディング

関

inocula、inoculate、inoculation、inoculum

「plant」

　　[★]

• n.

• 植物、プラント

関

phyto