WordNet

cause to change; make different; cause a transformation; "The advent of the automobile may have altered the growth pattern of the city"; "The discussion has changed my thinking about the issue" (同)alter, modify
become different in some particular way, without permanently losing ones or its former characteristics or essence; "her mood changes in accordance with the weather"; "The supermarkets selection of vegetables varies according to the season" (同)alter, vary
exchange or replace with another, usually of the same kind or category; "Could you convert my dollars into pounds?"; "He changed his name"; "convert centimeters into inches"; "convert holdings into shares" (同)exchange, commute, convert
a relational difference between states; especially between states before and after some event; "he attributed the change to their marriage"
change clothes; put on different clothes; "Change before you go to the opera"
coins of small denomination regarded collectively; "he had a pocketful of change"
money received in return for its equivalent in a larger denomination or a different currency; "he got change for a twenty and used it to pay the taxi driver"
remove or replace the coverings of; "Father had to learn how to change the baby"; "After each guest we changed the bed linens"
the balance of money received when the amount you tender is greater than the amount due; "I paid with a twenty and pocketed the change"
the result of alteration or modification; "there were marked changes in the lining of the lungs"; "there had been no change in the mountains"
undergo a change; become different in essence; losing ones or its original nature; "She changed completely as she grew older"; "The weather changed last night"
a different or fresh set of clothes; "she brought a change in her overnight bag"
a thing that is different; "he inspected several changes before selecting one"
the action of changing something; "the change of government had no impact on the economy"; "his change on abortion cost him the election"
an event that occurs when something passes from one state or phase to another; "the change was intended to increase sales"; "this storm is certainly a change for the worse"; "the neighborhood had undergone few modifications since his last visit years ago" (同)alteration, modification
very young; "at an early age"
before the usual time or the time expected; "she graduated early"; "the house was completed ahead of time" (同)ahead of time, too soon
in good time; "he awoke betimes that morning" (同)betimes
belonging to the distant past; "the early inhabitants of Europe"; "former generations"; "in other times" (同)former, other
at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time; "early morning"; "an early warning"; "early diagnosis"; "an early death"; "took early retirement"; "an early spring"; "early varieties of peas and tomatoes mature before most standard varieties"
being or occurring at an early stage of development; "in an early stage"; "early forms of life"; "early man"; "an early computer"
expected in the near future; "look for an early end to the negotiations"
of an early stage in the development of a language or literature; "the Early Hebrew alphabetical script is that used mainly from the 11th to the 6th centuries B.C."; "Early Modern English is represented in documents printed from 1476 to 1700"
fruiting spike of a cereal plant especially corn (同)spike, capitulum
attention to what is said; "he tried to get her ear"
good hearing; "he had a keen ear"; "a good ear for pitch"
the sense organ for hearing and equilibrium
after death or after an event; "a postmortem examination to determine the cause of death"; "the postmortem discussion of the Presidents TV address"
discussion of an event after it has occurred (同)post-mortem
occurring or done after death; "postmortem changes"; "a postmortem examination to determine cause of death"; "postmortal wounds" (同)postmortal
made or become different in some respect; "hes an altered (or changed) man since his election to Congress"
changed in constitution or structure or composition by metamorphism; "metamorphic rocks"
made or become different in nature or form; "changed attitudes"; "changed styles of dress"; "a greatly changed country after the war"

PrepTutorEJDIC

(…に)…'を'『変える』,改める《+『名』+『into』+『名』》 / …'を'『取り替える』,交換する / 〈小切手・為替〉'を'現金にする,〈金〉'を'両替えする;(…に)…'を'両替する《+『名』+『into』+『名』》 / (…に)『変わる』,変化する《+『to』(『into』)+『名』》 / (他の衣服に)着替える《+『into』+『名』》 / (…に)乗り換える《+『to』+『名』》 / 〈C〉(…の)『変化』,移り変わり,変遷《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈C〉(…の)『取り替え』,交換;乗り換え《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈U〉釣り銭,小銭
(時間・時期が)『早い』,『初期の』 / 昔の / (普通より,予定より)早い / 近い将来の / (時間・時期的に)『早く』 / (予定・ふだんより)早く
〈C〉『耳』 / 《単数形で》『聴覚』,聴力,音感 / 《単数形で》じっと聞くこと,傾聴 / 〈C〉耳の形をした物
(麦・とうもろこしなどの)穂
死後の,検死の / 事後の / 死体解剖,検死 / 事後の検討

UpToDate Contents

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1. 急性虚血性脳卒中に対する再灌流療法 reperfusion therapy for acute ischemic stroke
2. 急性虚血脳卒中の神経画像 neuroimaging of acute ischemic stroke
3. 妊娠における外傷 trauma in pregnancy

English Journal

Changes in apoptotic factors and caspase activation pathways during the postmortem aging of beef muscle.

Huang F1, Huang M2, Zhang H1, Zhang C1, Zhang D1, Zhou G3.
Food chemistry.Food Chem.2016 Jan 1;190:110-4. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.05.056. Epub 2015 May 14.
The pathway of apoptosis (effector caspase activation) in beef muscle cells was investigated by examining the expression of apoptotic factors during postmortem (PM) storage of beef muscle. Results showed that caspase-3 could be activated in PM beef muscle. The expression of cytochrome c increased in
PMID 26212948

Alterations of p75 neurotrophin receptor and Myelin transcription factor 1 in the hippocampus of perinatal phencyclidine treated rats.

Andrews JL1, Newell KA2, Matosin N3, Huang XF4, Fernandez-Enright F5.
Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry.Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry.2015 Dec 3;63:91-7. doi: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2015.06.003. Epub 2015 Jun 10.
Postnatal administration of phencyclidine (PCP) in rodents causes major disturbances to neurological processes resulting in severe modifications to normal behavioral traits into adulthood. It is routinely used to model psychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, producing many of the dysfunctional
PMID 26071990

Effect of skeletal muscle fibers on porcine meat quality at different stages of growth.

Wu F1, Zuo JJ2, Yu QP1, Zou SG3, Tan HZ3, Xiao J1, Liu YH1, Feng DY1.
Genetics and molecular research : GMR.Genet Mol Res.2015 Jul 14;14(3):7873-82. doi: 10.4238/2015.July.14.13.
In this study, we examined changes in meat quality and content of muscle types during porcine growth. The influence of the longissimus dorsi muscle fiber composition on meat quality and the correlation between 2 fiber-typing methods (histochemistry and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reactio
PMID 26214468

Japanese Journal

秋田県における入浴中突然死の現状

日本温泉気候物理医学会雑誌 72(1), 31-35, 2008-11-01
NAID 10024591961

Ultrastructural changes during in situ early postmortem autolysis in kidney, pancreas, liver, heart and skeletal muscle of rats

Legal medicine 6(1), 25-31, 2004-03-01
NAID 10012204044

Emerging Concepts in Bioanalytical Chemistry of Trace Elements.

Analytical Sciences 8(3), 399-404, 1992
NAID 130003529797

「早期死体現象」

　　[★]

英: early postmortem change, postmortem phenomena at early stage
関: 死体現象

早期死体現象

死の確徴。これに該当する変化が見られれば、蘇生行為を行う意味はないとされる。
死亡時刻の推定に有意義である(特に1-3)。
1. 死斑 postmortem lividity、血液就下 hypostasis

死後1-2時間で発現、5-6時間で著明、12-15時間で最高。死後5-6時間以内の体位変化で死斑の移動。8-10時間くらいまでは死斑が移動しうる。死後12時間くらいまでは死斑を圧迫すると消失。死後24時間以降は消退しなくなる(SLE.263)

2. 死後硬直

死後2-3時間で発現(顎関節、頚関節→上肢関節→下肢関節)。6-8時間で全身の関節に及ぶ。12-15時間で最高となる。死後1日から1日半持続。30-36時間で発現した順序に従って緩解が始まる。夏2-3日、冬4-5日で完全に緩解、消失(SLE.263)

3. 体温の降下(死体冷却)　→　低体温の場合がある。

死体の直腸温：死後1-2時間は殆ど低下しない。10-12時間までは直線的かつ急激に低下。以降、気温とゆるかやに平衡に達する。(SLE.265)
1時点測定法：死後10時間までは1時間あたり1度低下、10-20時間までは0.5時間低下するとして推定。夏：1.4倍、冬：0.7倍、太った人：1.2倍、やせた人：0.8倍。(SLE.266)