WordNet

very young; "at an early age"
before the usual time or the time expected; "she graduated early"; "the house was completed ahead of time" (同)ahead of time, too soon
in good time; "he awoke betimes that morning" (同)betimes
belonging to the distant past; "the early inhabitants of Europe"; "former generations"; "in other times" (同)former, other
at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time; "early morning"; "an early warning"; "early diagnosis"; "an early death"; "took early retirement"; "an early spring"; "early varieties of peas and tomatoes mature before most standard varieties"
being or occurring at an early stage of development; "in an early stage"; "early forms of life"; "early man"; "an early computer"
expected in the near future; "look for an early end to the negotiations"
of an early stage in the development of a language or literature; "the Early Hebrew alphabetical script is that used mainly from the 11th to the 6th centuries B.C."; "Early Modern English is represented in documents printed from 1476 to 1700"
perform (a play), especially on a stage; "we are going to stage `Othello" (同)present, represent
a section or portion of a journey or course; "then we embarked on the second stage of our Caribbean cruise" (同)leg
a small platform on a microscope where the specimen is mounted for examination (同)microscope stage
a large platform on which people can stand and can be seen by an audience; "he clambered up onto the stage and got the actors to help him into the box"
any scene regarded as a setting for exhibiting or doing something; "All the worlds a stage"--Shakespeare; "it set the stage for peaceful negotiations"
the theater as a profession (usually `the stage'
plan, organize, and carry out (an event); "the neighboring tribe staged an invasion" (同)arrange
fruiting spike of a cereal plant especially corn (同)spike, capitulum
attention to what is said; "he tried to get her ear"
good hearing; "he had a keen ear"; "a good ear for pitch"
the sense organ for hearing and equilibrium
after death or after an event; "a postmortem examination to determine the cause of death"; "the postmortem discussion of the Presidents TV address"
discussion of an event after it has occurred (同)post-mortem
occurring or done after death; "postmortem changes"; "a postmortem examination to determine cause of death"; "postmortal wounds" (同)postmortal
100 at equal 1 kip in Laos

PrepTutorEJDIC

(時間・時期が)『早い』,『初期の』 / 昔の / (普通より,予定より)早い / 近い将来の / (時間・時期的に)『早く』 / (予定・ふだんより)早く
(劇場・ホールなどの)『舞台』・on stage 舞台上で・《無冠詞》・off stage 舞台の陰で《無冠詞》：ステージ;演壇;《the~》演劇;俳優業,演劇(舞台)の仕事 / (事件・活動などの)『舞台』,場所 / (発達などの)『段階』,時期 / (駅馬車などの止まる)駅,宿場;休憩地;(旅行における休憩地間の)旅程,行程 / =stagecoach / (多段ロケットの)段 / 〈劇〉‘を'『上演する』,〈試合など〉‘を'公開する / (特に劇的に)…‘を'実行する,やってのける
〈C〉『耳』 / 《単数形で》『聴覚』,聴力,音感 / 《単数形で》じっと聞くこと,傾聴 / 〈C〉耳の形をした物
(麦・とうもろこしなどの)穂
死後の,検死の / 事後の / 死体解剖,検死 / 事後の検討
《場所・位置のある一点》『…で』,『…に』 / 《時間・年齢・目盛りなどの一点》『…に』,『…で』 / 『…の最中で』,に出席して / 『…の状態に』(『で』) / 『…を目指して』,に向かって / 《移動の経路》…を通って,…から / 《動作・感情などの原因・理由・動機》『…によって』,…を見て(聞いて,知って) / 《運動・動作の方法・様態》…で,…のやり方で / 《数量・割合・率》…で,…に / 《能力・性質などの存在場所》…が,…の点で

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. ホジキンリンパ腫の病期分類および予後 staging and prognosis of hodgkin lymphoma
2. 悪性腹膜中皮腫：疫学、危険因子、臨床所見、診断、および病期分類 malignant peritoneal mesothelioma epidemiology risk factors clinical presentation diagnosis and staging
3. 食道癌の診断および病期分類 diagnosis and staging of esophageal cancer
4. 非小細胞肺癌の診断および病期分類 diagnosis and staging of non small cell lung cancer
5. 胃癌の臨床的特徴、診断、および病期分類 clinical features diagnosis and staging of gastric cancer

English Journal

Microglial nodules in early multiple sclerosis white matter are associated with degenerating axons.

Singh S1, Metz I, Amor S, van der Valk P, Stadelmann C, Brück W.
Acta neuropathologica.Acta Neuropathol.2013 Apr;125(4):595-608. doi: 10.1007/s00401-013-1082-0. Epub 2013 Jan 26.
Microglial nodules in the normal-appearing white matter have been suggested as the earliest stage(s) of multiple sclerosis (MS) lesion formation. Such nodules are characterized by an absence of leukocyte infiltration, astrogliosis or demyelination, and may develop into active demyelinating MS lesion
PMID 23354834

123I-5-IA-85380 SPECT imaging of nicotinic receptors in Alzheimer disease and mild cognitive impairment.

Mitsis EM1, Reech KM, Bois F, Tamagnan GD, Macavoy MG, Seibyl JP, Staley JK, van Dyck CH.
Journal of nuclear medicine : official publication, Society of Nuclear Medicine.J Nucl Med.2009 Sep;50(9):1455-63. doi: 10.2967/jnumed.109.064030. Epub 2009 Aug 18.
Postmortem binding studies have established that the concentration of alpha(4)beta(2)-nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (alpha(4)beta(2)-nAChR) is reduced in advanced Alzheimer disease (AD). However, the status of this receptor in mild or prodromal AD has remained the subject of controversy.METHODS:
PMID 19690024

[Estimation of the time of death based on the measurements of the eye temperature in comparison with other body sites].

Kaliszan M1, Hauser R.
Archiwum medycyny sa̧dowej i kryminologii.Arch Med Sadowej Kryminol.2007 Oct-Dec;57(4):399-405.
A systematic two-stage study was conducted in pigs to verify the models of postmortem body temperature decrease currently employed in forensic medicine. During the investigations, temperature recordings were performed in four body sites (eyeballs, orbit soft tissues, muscles and rectums). The result
PMID 18432140

「早期死体現象」

　　[★]

英: early postmortem change, postmortem phenomena at early stage
関: 死体現象

早期死体現象

死の確徴。これに該当する変化が見られれば、蘇生行為を行う意味はないとされる。
死亡時刻の推定に有意義である(特に1-3)。
1. 死斑 postmortem lividity、血液就下 hypostasis

死後1-2時間で発現、5-6時間で著明、12-15時間で最高。死後5-6時間以内の体位変化で死斑の移動。8-10時間くらいまでは死斑が移動しうる。死後12時間くらいまでは死斑を圧迫すると消失。死後24時間以降は消退しなくなる(SLE.263)

2. 死後硬直

死後2-3時間で発現(顎関節、頚関節→上肢関節→下肢関節)。6-8時間で全身の関節に及ぶ。12-15時間で最高となる。死後1日から1日半持続。30-36時間で発現した順序に従って緩解が始まる。夏2-3日、冬4-5日で完全に緩解、消失(SLE.263)

3. 体温の降下(死体冷却)　→　低体温の場合がある。

死体の直腸温：死後1-2時間は殆ど低下しない。10-12時間までは直線的かつ急激に低下。以降、気温とゆるかやに平衡に達する。(SLE.265)
1時点測定法：死後10時間までは1時間あたり1度低下、10-20時間までは0.5時間低下するとして推定。夏：1.4倍、冬：0.7倍、太った人：1.2倍、やせた人：0.8倍。(SLE.266)