WordNet

develop into a distinctive entity; "our plans began to take shape" (同)take form, take shape, spring
assume a form or shape; "the water formed little beads"
the visual appearance of something or someone; "the delicate cast of his features" (同)shape, cast
a mold for setting concrete; "they built elaborate forms for pouring the foundation"
a particular mode in which something is manifested; "his resentment took the form of extreme hostility"
a perceptual structure; "the composition presents problems for students of musical form"; "a visual pattern must include not only objects but the spaces between them" (同)shape, pattern
(biology) a group of organisms within a species that differ in trivial ways from similar groups; "a new strain of microorganisms" (同)variant, strain, var.
the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something; "the inflected forms of a word can be represented by a stem and a list of inflections to be attached" (同)word form, signifier, descriptor
a printed document with spaces in which to write; "he filled out his tax form"
an ability to perform well; "he was at the top of his form"; "the team was off form last night"
an arrangement of the elements in a composition or discourse; "the essay was in the form of a dialogue"; "he first sketches the plot in outline form"
to compose or represent:"This wall forms the background of the stage setting"; "The branches made a roof"; "This makes a fine introduction" (同)constitute, make
create (as an entity); "social groups form everywhere"; "They formed a company" (同)organize, organise
reckoned in a direction opposite to that regarded as positive; "negative interest rates"
a piece of photographic film showing an image with light and shade or colors reversed
a reply of denial; "he answered in the negative"
not indicating the presence of microorganisms or disease or a specific condition; "the HIV test was negative" (同)disconfirming
having a negative charge; "electrons are negative" (同)electronegative, negatively charged
characterized by or displaying negation or denial or opposition or resistance; having no positive features; "a negative outlook on life"; "a colorless negative personality"; "a negative evaluation"; "a negative reaction to an advertising campaign"
expressing or consisting of a negation or refusal or denial
having the quality of something harmful or unpleasant; "ran a negative campaign"; "delinquents retarded by their negative outlook on life"
less than zero; "a negative number"
exercising influence or control; "television plays a dominant role in molding public opinion"; "the dominant partner in the marriage"
(music) the fifth note of the diatonic scale
(of genes) producing the same phenotype whether its allele is identical or dissimilar
having or given a form or shape

PrepTutorEJDIC

〈C〉〈U〉(色・材質に対して)『形』,形状,姿 / 〈C〉『人体』,体つき / 〈C〉〈U〉『外観』,格好,人影 / 〈C〉〈U〉(ものの現れる)『形態』,形式 / 〈C〉(生物などの)『種類』,品種 / 〈U〉(芸術作品の)表現形式 / 〈U〉(特にスポーツで)(競技者の)フォーム / 〈U〉(心身の)調子,元気 / 〈C〉(印刷された)書き込み用紙,ひな形 / 〈U〉《話》(ある集団などの)やり方,仕方,方式 / 〈C〉〈U〉しきたり,伝統的な儀式 / 〈C〉(英国の学校・米国のある学校で)学年,学級 / 〈U〉〈C〉(意味に対する)形態,形;語形 / 〈C〉(通例寄りかかりのない)長い木のいす / 〈素材〉‘に'形を与える,(…に)…‘を'形作る《+『名』+『into』+『名』》 / (素材から)…‘を'形作る《+『名』+『out of』+『名』》 / …‘を'組織する,構成する / 〈考えなど〉‘を'まとめる,思い付く;〈計画など〉‘を'立てる / 〈習慣など〉‘を'身に付ける;〈交際など〉‘を'結ぶ / 〈文章など〉‘を'組み立てる;〈複数形など〉‘を'作る / (ある順序に)配列する,整列させる / 〈物が〉形を成す / 生じる,現れる / (…に)なる《+『into』+『名』》
『否定の』,反対の / 『消極的な』,控えめの / 陰電気の;(数値が)負の,マイナスの(minus);(写真が)陰画の,ネガの;(医学検査結果が)陰性の / 『否定』,拒否,「いやだ」と言うこと / 否定語[句] / 《the~》(特に討論会の)反対者側,反対派 / (電気分解に用いる)陰極板 / (数値の)負数 / (写真の)陰画,ネガ / 《しばしば受動態に用いて》…‘に'反対投票をする / =negate
《時間・距離》『…の間』 / 《利益・貢献》『…のために』 / 《適応・用途》『…向きの(に);』…用の(に);…のための(に) / 《目的・意向》『…のために,』に / 《敬意・記念》『…のために;』…を記念して / 《獲得・追求》『…を得るために』,を求めて / 《行く先・方向》『…あてに;』…[方面]行きの,に向けて / 《交換・報償など》『…に対して』;…と引き換えに;…のお返しに / 《原因・理由》『…のために』,なので / 《代理・代表》『…の代わりに;』…を代表して / 《形容詞の後に用いて》『…にとって,』には / 《比較級の後に用いて》『…の結果として,』…のために / 《対比》『…としては,』のわりには / 《関連》『…について,』の点では / 《資格・属性》『…として』 / 《賛成・支持》…『に賛成して』,を支持して / 《傾向・好み》…『に対する』,には / 《模倣》《おもに米》《英文》…の名を取って(after) / 《割合》…に対して / 《『for』+『名』〈人〉+『to』 doの形で,〈人〉が不定詞to doの意味上の主語を表して》…が(…することは,…するために) / […というのは]…だから
『支配的な』,最も有力な / (位置が)群を抜いて高い,そびえ立つ / (手・目など左右のいずれかが)力のある / (遺伝で)優性の / (音階で)第5度音の,属音の / (遺伝の)優性形質 / 第5度音,属音

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 常染色体優性多発性嚢胞腎の診断およびスクリーニング diagnosis of and screening for autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
2. グラム陰性桿菌性髄膜炎の疫学および臨床的特徴 epidemiology and clinical features of gram negative bacillary meningitis
3. 常染色体優性多発性嚢胞腎の経過および治療 course and treatment of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease
4. カルシウム感知性受容体障害：家族性低カルシウム尿性高カルシウム血症および常染色体優性低カルシウム血症 disorders of the calcium sensing receptor familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia and autosomal dominant hypocalcemia
5. シャルコーマリートゥース病などの一次性の遺伝性運動感覚性ニューロパチー hereditary primary motor sensory neuropathies including charcot marie tooth disease

English Journal

A mutation in TRPC6 channels abolishes their activation by hypoosmotic stretch but does not affect activation by diacylglycerol or G protein signaling cascades.

Wilson C1, Dryer SE.Author information 11University of Houston.AbstractCanonical transient receptor potential-6 (TRPC6) channels have been implicated in the pathogenesis of kidney disease and in the regulation of vascular smooth muscle tone, podocyte function, and a variety of processes in other cell types. The question of whether their gating is intrinsically mechanosensitive has been controversial. We examined activation of two alleles of TRPC6 transiently expressed in CHO-K1 cells: the wild-type human TRPC6 channel, and TRPC6-N143S, an allele identified in a family with autosomal dominant familial focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). We observed that both channel variants carried robust cationic currents that could be evoked by application of membrane-permeable analogs of diacylglycerol (DAG) or by the P2Y receptor agonist ATP. The amplitudes and characteristics of currents evoked by the DAG analog or ATP were indistinguishable in cells expressing the two TRPC6 alleles. By contrast, hypoosmotic stretch evoked robust currents in wild-type TRPC6 channels, but had no discernible effect on currents in cells expressing TRPC6-N143S, indicating that the mutant form lacks mechanosensitivity. Co-expression of TRPC6-N143S with wild-type TRPC6 or TRPC3 channels did not alter stretch-evoked responses compared to when TRPC3 channels were expressed by themselves, indicating that TRPC6-N143S does not function as a dominant-negative. These data indicate that mechanical activation and activation evoked by DAG occur through fundamentally distinct biophysical mechanisms, and they provide support for the hypothesis that protein complexes containing wild-type TRPC6 subunits can be intrinsically mechanosensitive.
American journal of physiology. Renal physiology.Am J Physiol Renal Physiol.2014 Mar 5. [Epub ahead of print]
Canonical transient receptor potential-6 (TRPC6) channels have been implicated in the pathogenesis of kidney disease and in the regulation of vascular smooth muscle tone, podocyte function, and a variety of processes in other cell types. The question of whether their gating is intrinsically mechanos
PMID 24598806

A novel truncated form of eNOS associates with altered vascular function.

Galluccio E1, Cassina L, Russo I, Gelmini F, Setola E, Rampoldi L, Citterio L, Rossodivita A, Kamami M, Colombo A, Alfieri O, Carini M, Bosi E, Trovati M, Piatti P, Monti LD, Casari G.Author information 1Cardio-Diabetes and Core Lab, Division of Metabolic and Cardiovascular Science, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, Milan, Italy.AbstractAIMS: Nitric oxide (NO) plays a key role in vascular homeostasis and is produced by endothelial NO synthase (eNOS), encoded by NOS3 gene. We previously reported the genetic association between NOS3 rs753482-A>C polymorphism on intron 19 and coronary artery disease (CAD). In the attempt of conferring functional implication to the rs753482-A>C polymorphism, we investigated its influence on transcript maturation.
Cardiovascular research.Cardiovasc Res.2014 Mar 1;101(3):492-502. doi: 10.1093/cvr/cvt267. Epub 2013 Dec 3.
AIMS: Nitric oxide (NO) plays a key role in vascular homeostasis and is produced by endothelial NO synthase (eNOS), encoded by NOS3 gene. We previously reported the genetic association between NOS3 rs753482-A>C polymorphism on intron 19 and coronary artery disease (CAD). In the attempt of conferr
PMID 24302629

Over-expression of Rap2a inhibits glioma migration and invasion by down-regulating p-AKT.

Wang L1, Zhan W, Xie S, Hu J, Shi Q, Zhou X, Wu Y, Wang S, Fei Z, Yu R.Author information 1Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, 17 West Changle Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China; Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical College, Jiangsu, 221002, China.AbstractRas-oncogenic pathway contributes to the pathogenesis of various tumours in humans, in which mutations of three canonical genes including H-Ras, N-Ras and K-Ras are the most common events. Dysregulation of Ras signalling can be tumourigenic, especially gliomas of the central nervous system. Rap proteins are members of the small GTPase superfamily that involved in many biological processes. However, it remains largely unclear as to whether and how Rap proteins are involved in the development of multiple gliomas. We found that the levels of the protein Rap2a and the activity of Rap2a (GTP-Rap2a) were weakly expressed in glioma tissues. Overexpressed Rap2a significantly inhibited the migration and invasion of glioma cells with an increase of GTP-Rap2a. Overexpression of the dominant-active (DA-Rap2a), but not the dominant-negative (DN-Rap2a) form of Rap2a, also similarly inhibited the migration and invasion of glioma cells by reducing the phosphorylation level of AKT. In contrast, downregulation of Rap2a promoted glioma migration and invasion, and raised the phosphorylation level of AKT, whereas these effects were inhibited by PI3K-specific inhibitor, LY294002. Thus unlike the other family members of Ras, Rab2a probably serves as a tumour suppressor in the pathogenesis of glioma.
Cell biology international.Cell Biol Int.2014 Mar;38(3):326-34. doi: 10.1002/cbin.10213. Epub 2013 Dec 2.
Ras-oncogenic pathway contributes to the pathogenesis of various tumours in humans, in which mutations of three canonical genes including H-Ras, N-Ras and K-Ras are the most common events. Dysregulation of Ras signalling can be tumourigenic, especially gliomas of the central nervous system. Rap prot
PMID 24293123

Japanese Journal

Cyclic AMP Responsive Element Binding Proteins Are Involved in 'Emergency' Granulopoiesis through the Upregulation of CCAAT/Enhancer Binding Protein β.

Hirai Hideyo,Kamio Naoka,Huang Gang,Matsusue Akiko,Ogino Shinpei,Kimura Nobuhiko,Satake Sakiko,Ashihara Eishi,Imanishi Jiro,Tenen Daniel G,Maekawa Taira
PloS one 8(1), 2013-01-30
… Retroviral transduction of a dominant negative CREB mutant reduced C/EBPβ mRNA levels and significantly impaired the proliferation/differentiation of granulocyte precursors, while a constitutively active form of CREB facilitated C/EBPβ transcription. …
NAID 120005242481

Differential roles of cyclin-dependent kinase 5 in tangential and radial migration of cerebellar granule cells.

Umeshima Hiroki,Kengaku Mineko
Molecular and cellular neurosciences 52, 62-72, 2012-09-08
… Overexpression of a dominant-negative form of CDK5 severely disrupted cell morphology and somal movement during radial migration, while it only moderately affected tangential migration. … Dominant-negative inhibition of CDK5 induced formation of ectopic radial processes in granule cells in vivo which aberrantly elongated into the white matter in the cerebellum. …
NAID 120005054562

N-Type Ca2+ Channel Blockade Prevents Sudden Death in Mice with Heart Failure

Yamada Yuko,Kuwahara Koichiro,Kinoshita Hideyuki,Kuwabara Yoshihiro,Nakagawa Yasuaki,Shibata Junko,Yamada Chinatsu,Minami Takeya,Usami Satoshi,Nakao Kazuyasu,Nishikimi Toshio,Nakao Kazuwa
Journal of Arrhythmia 27(Supplement), OP17_5, 2011
… channel blocker, in a cardiac-specific, dominant-negative form of neuron-restrictive silencer factor transgenic mice (dnNRSF-Tg), a mouse model of dilated cardiomyopathy leading to sudden arrhythmic death. …
NAID 130002130507

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「ドミナントネガティブ体」「dominant-negative mutant」「ドミナントネガティブ型」「ドミナントネガティヴ型」
関連記事	「form」「dominant」「negative」