vascular endothelial growth factor D

血管内皮増殖因子D、血管内皮細胞増殖因子D

関

VEGF-D

WordNet

1. cultivate by growing, often involving improvements by means of agricultural techniques; "The Bordeaux region produces great red wines"; "They produce good ham in Parma"; "We grow wheat here"; "We raise hogs here" (同)raise, farm, produce
2. come to have or undergo a change of (physical features and attributes); "He grew a beard"; "The patient developed abdominal pains"; "I got funny spots all over my body"; "Well-developed breasts" (同)develop, produce, get, acquire
3. become attached by or as if by the process of growth; "The tree trunks had grown together"
4. become larger, greater, or bigger; expand or gain; "The problem grew too large for me"; "Her business grew fast"
5. cause to grow or develop; "He grows vegetables in his backyard"
6. increase in size by natural process; "Corn doesnt grow here"; "In these forests, mushrooms grow under the trees"; "her hair doesnt grow much anymore"
7. (biology) the process of an individual organism growing organically; a purely biological unfolding of events involved in an organism changing gradually from a simple to a more complex level; "he proposed an indicator of osseous development in children" (同)growing, maturation, development, ontogeny, ontogenesis
8. (pathology) an abnormal proliferation of tissue (as in a tumor)
9. a progression from simpler to more complex forms; "the growth of culture"
10. something grown or growing; "a growth of hair"
11. vegetation that has grown; "a growth of trees"; "the only growth was some salt grass"
12. be a contributing factor; "make things factor into a companys profitability"
13. any of the numbers (or symbols) that form a product when multiplied together
14. an independent variable in statistics
15. anything that contributes causally to a result; "a number of factors determined the outcome"
16. consider as relevant when making a decision; "You must factor in the recent developments" (同)factor in, factor out
17. resolve into factors; "a quantum computer can factor the number 15" (同)factor in, factor out
18. an event known to have happened or something known to have existed; "your fears have no basis in fact"; "how much of the story is fact and how much fiction is hard to tell"
19. a concept whose truth can be proved; "scientific hypotheses are not facts"
20. a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred; "first you must collect all the facts of the case"
21. a statement or assertion of verified information about something that is the case or has happened; "he supported his argument with an impressive array of facts"
22. of or relating to or having vessels that conduct and circulate fluids; "vascular constriction"; "a vascular bundle"

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. 『成長する』,育つ,〈植物が〉生える,茂る / (類・量・程などにおいて)『増大する』,大きくなる / 『しだいになる』 / …‘を'成長させる,大きくする,育てる / …から生じる(起こる)
2. 〈U〉(…の)『成長』,発育;『発達』,発展《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈U〉(数・量,重要性・力などの)『増加』,増大,拡張《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈U〉《修飾語[句]を伴って》栽培,生産,…産 / 〈C〉成育した物,(草,木,髪,ひげなどの)生えたもの / 〈C〉腫瘍(しゅよう)
3. (…の)『要因』,(…を生み出す)要素《+『in』+『名』(do『ing』)》 / 囲数,約数 / 代理人,《おもに英》仲買人 / =factorize
4. 〈C〉『事実』,実際にある(あった)事 / 〈U〉真相,真実(truth) / 《the~》(法律用語で)犯行
5. (血液・樹液などを運ぶ)管の,導管の,血管の

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/01/30 23:39:34」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

C-fos induced growth factor (vascular endothelial growth factor D)
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB List of PDB id codes 2XV7
Identifiers
Symbols	FIGF ; VEGF-D; VEGFD
External IDs	OMIM: 300091 MGI: 108037 HomoloGene: 3288 GeneCards: FIGF Gene
Gene ontology Molecular function • platelet-derived growth factor receptor binding • vascular endothelial growth factor receptor binding • growth factor activity • chemoattractant activity • protein homodimerization activity • vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 binding Cellular component • extracellular region • extracellular space • membrane • platelet alpha granule lumen Biological process • angiogenesis • response to hypoxia • platelet degranulation • blood coagulation • cell proliferation • positive regulation of cell proliferation • cell differentiation • platelet activation • regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway • positive regulation of interleukin-6 production • vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway • positive chemotaxis • induction of positive chemotaxis • positive regulation of cell division • positive regulation of mast cell chemotaxis • response to interleukin-1 Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
More reference expression data
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	2277	14205
Ensembl	ENSG00000165197	ENSMUSG00000031380
UniProt	O43915	P97946
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_004469	NM_001308489
RefSeq (protein)	NP_004460	NP_001295418
Location (UCSC)	Chr X: 15.35 – 15.38 Mb	Chr X: 164.37 – 164.4 Mb
PubMed search	[1]	[2]

C-fos-induced growth factor (FIGF) (or vascular endothelial growth factor D, VEGF-D) is a vascular endothelial growth factor that in humans is encoded by the FIGF gene.

Function

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the platelet-derived growth factor/vascular endothelial growth factor (PDGF/VEGF) family and is active in angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, and endothelial cell growth. This secreted protein undergoes a complex proteolytic maturation, generating multiple processed forms that bind and activate VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3 receptors. The structure and function of this protein is similar to those of vascular endothelial growth factor C.

Tumor metastasis to lymph nodes

Lymph node metastasis is very often associated with several types of human malignancies. Cancer cells’ journey to lymph node takes place largely through lymphatic tunnel located in and around of primary tumor. VEGF-D’s interactions with VEGFR-3 predominantly expressed in lymphatic vessels plays a key role in restructuring lymphatic channel and, hence, able to alter its functions related to fluid and cell transport along the conduits. VEGF-D has been established to be over-expressed in both tumor tissues and patients’ serum samples in several types of human cancer. In addition, VEGF-D expression has been implicated with increased incidence of regional lymph node metastasis. In experimental mice study, genetically modified tumor cell that was forced to produce VEGF-D protein have been established to boost up regional lymph nodes metastases.

References

Further reading

• Maruyama K, Sugano S (Jan 1994). "Oligo-capping: a simple method to replace the cap structure of eukaryotic mRNAs with oligoribonucleotides". Gene 138 (1-2): 171–4. doi:10.1016/0378-1119(94)90802-8. PMID 8125298. 
• Orlandini M, Marconcini L, Ferruzzi R, Oliviero S (Oct 1996). "Identification of a c-fos-induced gene that is related to the platelet-derived growth factor/vascular endothelial growth factor family". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 93 (21): 11675–80. doi:10.1073/pnas.93.21.11675. PMC 38117. PMID 8876195. 
• Yamada Y, Nezu J, Shimane M, Hirata Y (Jun 1997). "Molecular cloning of a novel vascular endothelial growth factor, VEGF-D". Genomics 42 (3): 483–8. doi:10.1006/geno.1997.4774. PMID 9205122. 
• Suzuki Y, Yoshitomo-Nakagawa K, Maruyama K, Suyama A, Sugano S (Oct 1997). "Construction and characterization of a full length-enriched and a 5'-end-enriched cDNA library". Gene 200 (1-2): 149–56. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00411-3. PMID 9373149. 
• Achen MG, Jeltsch M, Kukk E, Mäkinen T, Vitali A, Wilks AF, Alitalo K, Stacker SA (Jan 1998). "Vascular endothelial growth factor D (VEGF-D) is a ligand for the tyrosine kinases VEGF receptor 2 (Flk1) and VEGF receptor 3 (Flt4)". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 95 (2): 548–53. doi:10.1073/pnas.95.2.548. PMC 18457. PMID 9435229. 
• Rocchigiani M, Lestingi M, Luddi A, Orlandini M, Franco B, Rossi E, Ballabio A, Zuffardi O, Oliviero S (Jan 1998). "Human FIGF: cloning, gene structure, and mapping to chromosome Xp22.1 between the PIGA and the GRPR genes". Genomics 47 (2): 207–16. doi:10.1006/geno.1997.5079. PMID 9479493. 
• Stacker SA, Stenvers K, Caesar C, Vitali A, Domagala T, Nice E, Roufail S, Simpson RJ, Moritz R, Karpanen T, Alitalo K, Achen MG (Nov 1999). "Biosynthesis of vascular endothelial growth factor-D involves proteolytic processing which generates non-covalent homodimers". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 274 (45): 32127–36. doi:10.1074/jbc.274.45.32127. PMID 10542248. 
• Nakamura Y, Yasuoka H, Tsujimoto M, Yang Q, Imabun S, Nakahara M, Nakao K, Nakamura M, Mori I, Kakudo K (Feb 2003). "Prognostic significance of vascular endothelial growth factor D in breast carcinoma with long-term follow-up". Clinical Cancer Research 9 (2): 716–21. PMID 12576440. 
• Yokoyama Y, Charnock-Jones DS, Licence D, Yanaihara A, Hastings JM, Holland CM, Emoto M, Umemoto M, Sakamoto T, Sato S, Mizunuma H, Smith SK (Jan 2003). "Vascular endothelial growth factor-D is an independent prognostic factor in epithelial ovarian carcinoma". British Journal of Cancer 88 (2): 237–44. doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6600701. PMC 2377043. PMID 12610509. 
• Rissanen TT, Markkanen JE, Gruchala M, Heikura T, Puranen A, Kettunen MI, Kholová I, Kauppinen RA, Achen MG, Stacker SA, Alitalo K, Ylä-Herttuala S (May 2003). "VEGF-D is the strongest angiogenic and lymphangiogenic effector among VEGFs delivered into skeletal muscle via adenoviruses". Circulation Research 92 (10): 1098–106. doi:10.1161/01.RES.0000073584.46059.E3. PMID 12714562. 
• Funaki H, Nishimura G, Harada S, Ninomiya I, Terada I, Fushida S, Tani T, Fujimura T, Kayahara M, Shimizu K, Ohta T, Miwa K (2003). "Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor D is associated with lymph node metastasis in human colorectal carcinoma". Oncology 64 (4): 416–22. doi:10.1159/000070301. PMID 12759540. 
• Orlandini M, Semboloni S, Oliviero S (Nov 2003). "Beta-catenin inversely regulates vascular endothelial growth factor-D mRNA stability". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 278 (45): 44650–6. doi:10.1074/jbc.M304255200. PMID 12920128. 
• McColl BK, Baldwin ME, Roufail S, Freeman C, Moritz RL, Simpson RJ, Alitalo K, Stacker SA, Achen MG (Sep 2003). "Plasmin activates the lymphangiogenic growth factors VEGF-C and VEGF-D". The Journal of Experimental Medicine 198 (6): 863–8. doi:10.1084/jem.20030361. PMC 2194198. PMID 12963694. 
• Vlahakis NE, Young BA, Atakilit A, Sheppard D (Feb 2005). "The lymphangiogenic vascular endothelial growth factors VEGF-C and -D are ligands for the integrin alpha9beta1". The Journal of Biological Chemistry 280 (6): 4544–52. doi:10.1074/jbc.M412816200. PMC 1368959. PMID 15590642. 
• Kurahara H, Takao S, Maemura K, Shinchi H, Natsugoe S, Aikou T (Dec 2004). "Impact of vascular endothelial growth factor-C and -D expression in human pancreatic cancer: its relationship to lymph node metastasis". Clinical Cancer Research 10 (24): 8413–20. doi:10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-04-0379. PMID 15623620. 
• Fink AM, Kaltenegger I, Schneider B, Frühauf J, Jurecka W, Steiner A (Dec 2004). "Serum level of VEGF-D in patients with primary lymphedema". Lymphology 37 (4): 185–9. PMID 15693535. 
• Kaushal V, Mukunyadzi P, Dennis RA, Siegel ER, Johnson DE, Kohli M (Jan 2005). "Stage-specific characterization of the vascular endothelial growth factor axis in prostate cancer: expression of lymphangiogenic markers is associated with advanced-stage disease". Clinical Cancer Research 11 (2 Pt 1): 584–93. PMID 15701844. 
• Yasuoka H, Nakamura Y, Zuo H, Tang W, Takamura Y, Miyauchi A, Nakamura M, Mori I, Kakudo K (Aug 2005). "VEGF-D expression and lymph vessels play an important role for lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid carcinoma". Modern Pathology 18 (8): 1127–33. doi:10.1038/modpathol.3800402. PMID 15803188. 

UpToDate Contents

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English Journal

• TNF-alpha promotes lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis of gallbladder cancer through the ERK1/2/AP-1/VEGF-D pathway.

• Hong H1,2, Jiang L1,2, Lin Y1,2, He C1,2, Zhu G1,2, Du Q1,2, Wang X1, She F3,4, Chen Y5,6.
• BMC cancer.BMC Cancer.2016 Mar 19;16(1):240. doi: 10.1186/s12885-016-2259-4.
• BACKGROUND: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), a key player in cancer-related inflammation, was recently demonstrated to be involved in the lymphatic metastasis of gallbladder cancer (GBC). Vascular endothelial growth factor D (VEGF-D) is a key lymphangiogenic factor that is associated with lymph
• PMID 26992854

• Efficacy and Biomarker Study of Bevacizumab for Hearing Loss Resulting From Neurofibromatosis Type 2-Associated Vestibular Schwannomas.

• Blakeley JO1, Ye X2, Duda DG2, Halpin CF2, Bergner AL2, Muzikansky A2, Merker VL2, Gerstner ER2, Fayad LM2, Ahlawat S2, Jacobs MA2, Jain RK2, Zalewski C2, Dombi E2, Widemann BC2, Plotkin SR2.
• Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology.J Clin Oncol.2016 Mar 14. pii: JCO643817. [Epub ahead of print]
• PURPOSE: Neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) is a tumor predisposition syndrome characterized by bilateral vestibular schwannomas (VSs) resulting in deafness and brainstem compression. This study evaluated efficacy and biomarkers of bevacizumab activity for NF2-associated progressive and symptomatic VSs.
• PMID 26976425

• Death receptor 6 (DR6) is required for mouse B16 tumor angiogenesis via the NF-κB, P38 MAPK and STAT3 pathways.

• Yang X1, Shi B1, Li L1, Xu Z1, Ge Y1, Shi J1, Liu Y1, Zheng D1.
• Oncogenesis.Oncogenesis.2016 Mar 7;5:e206. doi: 10.1038/oncsis.2016.9.
• Although death receptor 6 (DR6) is aberrantly expressed in certain cancer cell lines, its function, signaling pathway and potential clinical significance in tumor progression are not well characterized. We report here that knocking down DR6 in the mouse B16 cell line has no effect on B16 cell death
• PMID 26950598

Japanese Journal

• In Vitro Culture of BMSCs on VEGF-SF-CS Three-Dimensional Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering

• Tong Shuang,Xue Lei,XU Da-peng [他]
• Journal of hard tissue biology 24(2), 123-133, 2015-04
• NAID 40020441647

• Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase class II α-isoform PI3K-C2α is required for transforming growth factor β-induced smad signaling in endothelial cells

• Aki Sho,Yoshioka Kazuaki,Okamoto Yasuo,Takuwa Noriko,Takuwa Yoh
• Journal of Biological Chemistry 290(10), 6086-6105, 2015-03-06
• … TGFβ, which is also an essential angiogenic factor, signals via the serine/threonine kinase receptor complex to induce phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 (Smad2/3). … In the present study, we showed that PI3K-C2α knockdown nearly completely abolished TGFβ1-induced phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of Smad2/3 in vascular endothelial cells (ECs). …
• NAID 120005593954

• 肝癌におけるCOX-2, NF-κB, VEGF発現の臨床的意義 : 慢性炎症と癌との関連性についての一考察

• 瀬川 徹
• 医療 = Japanese journal of National Medical Services : 国立医療学会誌 69(3), 151-155, 2015-03
• NAID 40020407399

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1. Chest. 2010 Sep;138(3):674-81. doi: 10.1378/chest.10-0573. Epub 2010 Apr 9. Serum vascular endothelial growth factor-D prospectively distinguishes lymphangioleiomyomatosis from other diseases. Young LR(1), Vandyke R ...

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「血管内皮増殖因子D」「血管内皮細胞増殖因子D」「VEGF-D」
関連記事	「D」「grow」「vascular」「fact」「factor」

「血管内皮増殖因子D」

　　[★]

英

vascular endothelial growth factor D、VEGF-D

関

血管内皮細胞増殖因子D

「血管内皮細胞増殖因子D」

　　[★]

英

vascular endothelial growth factor D

関

血管内皮増殖因子D

「VEGF-D」

　　[★]

• 血管内皮増殖因子D

関

vascular endothelial growth factor D

「D」

　　[★]

• アスパラギン酸
• ジヒドロウリジン
• 遠位の distal,
• うつ病 depression
• 下行結腸 descending colon(大腸内視鏡検査の結果を記載するときに用いる)

　 　

「grow」

　　[★]

• v.

(過去: grew-過去分詞: grown)

• 成長する、生育する、伸びる

関

extend、growth、outgrow、outgrowth、stretch

　 　 　 　 　 　 　

「vascular」

　　[★]

• adj.

• (生物・解剖)導管の、脈管の、血管の

関

angio、blood vessel、fibrovascular bundle、vascular bundle、vasculogenic、vein、vessel

　 　

「fact」

　　[★]

• n.

• 事実、現状、実際、実態

関

actual、actually、in fact、in practice、indeed、practically

　 　 　 　 　

「factor」

　　[★]

• n.

• 因子、要因、要素、ファクター

関

element、elementary、factorial、parameter