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the 4th letter of the Roman alphabet (同)d

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deuteriumの化学記号
(おもに人称代名詞・固有名詞(人名),thereの後で)had, wouldの短縮形 / (疑問文でwhere,what,whenの後で)didの短縮形;Where'd he go?=Where did he go?

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2015/05/17 20:12:59」(JST)

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C-fos-induced growth factor (FIGF) (or vascular endothelial growth factor D, VEGF-D) is a vascular endothelial growth factor that in humans is encoded by the FIGF gene.^[1]

The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the platelet-derived growth factor/vascular endothelial growth factor (PDGF/VEGF) family and is active in angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, and endothelial cell growth. This secreted protein undergoes a complex proteolytic maturation, generating multiple processed forms that bind and activate VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3 receptors. The structure and function of this protein is similar to those of vascular endothelial growth factor C.^[1]

Tumor metastasis to lymph nodes:

Lymph node metastasis is very often associated with several types of human malignancies. Cancer cells’ journey to lymph node takes place largely through lymphatic tunnel located in and around of primary tumor. VEGF-D’s interactions with VEGFR-3 predominantly expressed in lymphatic vessels plays a key role in restructuring lymphatic channel and, hence, able to alter its functions related to fluid and cell transport along the conduits. VEGF-D has been established to be over-expressed in both tumor tissues and patients’ serum samples in several types of human cancer. In addition, VEGF-D expression has been implicated with increased incidence of regional lymph node metastasis. In experimental mice study, genetically modified tumor cell that was forced to produce VEGF-D protein have been established to boost up regional lymph nodes metastases.^[2]

References

^ ^a ^b "Entrez Gene: FIGF c-fos induced growth factor (vascular endothelial growth factor D)".
^ VEGF-D promotes the metastatic spread of tumor cells... [Nat Med. 2001] - PubMed - NCBI

UpToDate Contents

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English Journal

VEGF-D as a Marker in the Aid of Malignant Metastatic Pleural Effusion Diagnosis.

Maa HC1, Chao TT, Wang CY, Pei D, Liang YJ, Chen YL.
Applied immunohistochemistry & molecular morphology : AIMM / official publication of the Society for Applied Immunohistochemistry.Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol.2014 Sep 15. [Epub ahead of print]
BACKGROUND:: The sensitivity in cytology diagnosis of malignant metastatic pleural effusion (MMPE) is insufficient nowadays due to the similarity of the reactive mesothelial cells and malignant cells. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is one of the key factors in tumor lymphangiogenesis and
PMID 25221955

Evaluation of the Extent of Pulmonary Cysts and Their Association with Functional Variables and Serum Markers in Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM).

Baldi BG1, Araujo MS, Freitas CS, da Silva Teles GB, Kairalla RA, Dias OM, Pereira DA, Pimenta SP, Carvalho CR.
Lung.Lung.2014 Sep 9. [Epub ahead of print]
PURPOSE: Although computed tomography (CT) has been used previously to assess disease severity in lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM), the associations between the extent of pulmonary cysts on CT and six-minute walk test (6MWT), matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEG
PMID 25201087

Evidence for pericyte origin of TSC-associated renal angiomyolipomas and implications for angiotensin receptor inhibition therapy.

Siroky BJ1, Yin H2, Dixon BP1, Reichert RJ1, Hellmann AR3, Ramkumar T4, Tsuchihashi Z5, Bunni M6, Dillon J6, Bell PD6, Sampson JR7, Bissler JJ8.
American journal of physiology. Renal physiology.Am J Physiol Renal Physiol.2014 Sep 1;307(5):F560-70. doi: 10.1152/ajprenal.00569.2013. Epub 2014 Jun 11.
Nearly all patients with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) develop renal angiomyolipomas, although the tumor cell of origin is unknown. We observed decreased renal angiomyolipoma development in patients with TSC2- polycystic kidney disease 1 deletion syndrome and hypertension that were treated from a
PMID 24920756

Japanese Journal

High Expression of HuR in Cytoplasm, but Not Nuclei, Is Associated with Malignant Aggressiveness and Prognosis in Bladder Cancer

Miyata Yasuyoshi,Watanabe Shin-ichi,Sagara Yuji,Mitsunari Kensuke,Matsuo Tomohiro,Ohba Kojiro,Sakai Hideki
PLoS ONE 8(3), e59095, 2013-03-13
… The main objective of this investigation was to clarify the relationships between HuR expression and clinical significance and cancer cell proliferation, angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, and expressions of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A, -C, and -D. …
NAID 120005231143

Lymphatic vessel density and vascular endothelial growth factor expression in squamous cell carcinomas of lip and oral cavity: a clinicopathological analysis with immunohistochemistry using antibodies to D2-40, VEGF-C and VEGF-D

Watanabe Soh,Kato Masako,Kotani Isamu,Ryoke Kazuo,Hayashi Kazuhiko
Yonago Acta medica 56(1), 29-37, 2013-03-00
NAID 120005263095

Lymphangiogenesis in regional lymph nodes predicts nodal recurrence in pathological N0 squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue

Hirota Kyoko,Wakisaka Naohiro,Sawada-Kitamura Seiko,Kondo Satoru,Endo Kazuhira,Tsuji Akira,Murono Shigeyuki,Yoshizaki Tomokazu
Histopathology 61(6), 1065-1071, 2012-12-00
… Primary tumour sections were examined for the expression of lymphangiogenic factors: vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-C and VEGF-D. … Simultaneous increases in VEGF-C and VEGF-D expression were significantly associated with both an increase in LVC in regional lymph nodes (P=0.0001) and a decrease in the rate of survival without nodal recurrence (P=0.016). …
NAID 120004754705

Related Pictures

Human VEGF-D Quantikine ELISA Kit: R&D Lymphangiogenic growth factor-endothelial 漆【乙烯基玻璃鳞片面漆VEGF-D VEGF-D (H-144): sc-13085. Western blot VEGF-D Promotes Tumor Metastasis by QIAGEN - GeneGlobe Pathways - VEGF Pathway

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「血管内皮増殖因子D」「vascular endothelial growth factor D」
関連記事	「D」「VEGF」

「血管内皮増殖因子D」

C-fos induced growth factor (vascular endothelial growth factor D)
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe, RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	2XV7
Identifiers
Symbols	FIGF ; VEGF-D; VEGFD
External IDs	OMIM: 300091 MGI: 108037 HomoloGene: 3288 GeneCards: FIGF Gene
Gene ontology
Molecular function	• platelet-derived growth factor receptor binding; • vascular endothelial growth factor receptor binding; • growth factor activity; • chemoattractant activity; • protein homodimerization activity; • vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 binding;
Cellular component	• extracellular region; • extracellular space; • membrane; • platelet alpha granule lumen;
Biological process	• angiogenesis; • platelet degranulation; • blood coagulation; • cell proliferation; • positive regulation of cell proliferation; • cell differentiation; • platelet activation; • vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway; • positive chemotaxis; • induction of positive chemotaxis; • positive regulation of cell division; • positive regulation of mast cell chemotaxis;
	Sources: Amigo / QuickGO
RNA expression pattern
	More reference expression data
Orthologs
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