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Pyridoxal is one of the three natural forms of vitamin B₆, along with pyridoxamine and pyridoxine (also called "pyridoxol"). All of these forms are converted in the human body into a single biologically active form, pyridoxal 5-phosphate. All three forms of vitamin B₆ are heterocyclic organic compounds. Green plants are a natural source of pyridoxal, and its deficiency in the human body can lead to serious complications such as epilepsy and seizures.

There are generally three pyridoxal-phosphate (PLP) reactions: transamination, alpha elimination, and beta-elimination.

Pyridoxal is involved in what is believed to be the most ancient reaction of aerobic metabolism on Earth, about 2.9 billion years ago, a forerunner of the Great Oxidation Event^[1]

References[edit]

^ "Protein Domain Structure Uncovers the Origin of Aerobic Metabolism and the Rise of Planetary Oxygen", Gustavo Caetano-Anolles et al., published in Structure; paper available from University of Illinois News Bureau, 2012.

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English Journal

A novel mechanism of sulfur transfer catalyzed by O-acetylhomoserine sulfhydrylase in the methionine-biosynthetic pathway of Wolinella succinogenes.

Tran TH, Krishnamoorthy K, Begley TP, Ealick SE.SourceDepartment of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-1301, USA.
Acta crystallographica. Section D, Biological crystallography.Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr.2011 Oct;67(Pt 10):831-8. Epub 2011 Sep 8.
O-Acetylhomoserine sulfhydrylase (OAHS) is a pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP) dependent sulfide-utilizing enzyme in the L-cysteine and L-methionine biosynthetic pathways of various enteric bacteria and fungi. OAHS catalyzes the conversion of?O-acetylhomoserine to homocysteine using sulfide in a process
PMID 21931214

Understanding the allosteric trigger for the fructose-1,6-bisphosphate regulation of the ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase from Escherichia coli.

Figueroa CM, Esper MC, Bertolo A, Demonte AM, Aleanzi M, Iglesias AA, Ballicora MA.SourceLaboratorio de Enzimologia Molecular, Instituto de Agrobiotecnologia del Litoral (UNL-CONICET), Paraje "El Pozo" CC 242, S3000ZAA Santa Fe, Argentina; Department of Chemistry, Loyola University Chicago, 1068 W Sheridan Rd., Chicago, IL 60660, USA.
Biochimie.Biochimie.2011 Oct;93(10):1816-23. Epub 2011 Jul 2.
ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase is the enzyme responsible for the regulation of glycogen synthesis in bacteria. The enzyme N-terminal domain has a Rossmann-like fold with three neighbor loops facing the substrate ATP. In the Escherichia coli enzyme, one of those loops also faces the regulatory site co
PMID 21741429

Japanese Journal

生成物支援触媒の実在について

林秀行
ビタミン 85(3), 141-145, 2011-03-25
NAID 110008607860

ビタミンB_6測定法の現状と課題(<特集>ビタミン測定法の現状と課題[I])

八木年晴
ビタミン 85(3), 116-126, 2011-03-25
… Natural vitamin B_6 consists of six compounds which are pyridoxine, pyridoxal, pyridoxamine, pyridoxine 5'-phosphate, pyridoxal 5'-phosphate, and pyridoxamine 5'-phosphate. …
NAID 110008607855

Related Pictures

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「ビタミンB6」「ピリドキサール」
拡張検索	「pyridoxal calcium phosphate」「pyridoxal 5-phosphate」「pyridoxal 5'-phosphate」「pyridoxal phosphate」

「ビタミンB6」

Pyridoxal
	IUPAC name 3-Hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylpyridine-4-carbaldehyde
Identifiers
CAS number	66-72-8 , ; 65-22-5 (hydrochloride)
PubChem	1050
ChemSpider	1021
UNII	3THM379K8A
DrugBank	DB00147
KEGG	C00250
ChEBI	CHEBI:17310
ChEMBL	CHEMBL102970
Jmol-3D images	Image 1
	SMILES O=Cc1c(cnc(c1O)C)CO ;
	InChI InChI=1S/C8H9NO3/c1-5-8(12)7(4-11)6(3-10)2-9-5/h2,4,10,12H,3H2,1H3 ; Key: RADKZDMFGJYCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N InChI=1/C8H9NO3/c1-5-8(12)7(4-11)6(3-10)2-9-5/h2,4,10,12H,3H2,1H3; Key: RADKZDMFGJYCBB-UHFFFAOYAP ;
Properties
Molecular formula	C8H9NO3
Molar mass	167.16 g/mol
Melting point	165 °C (decomp.)
Related compounds
Related arylformaldehydes	Damnacanthal; Gossypol
	(verify) (what is: /?); Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
	Infobox references