endo-1,4-beta-xylanase

エンド-1

関

endoxylanase

WordNet

1. put an end to; "The terrible news ended our hopes that he had survived"
2. a final state; "he came to a bad end"; "the so-called glorious experiment came to an inglorious end" (同)destruction, death
3. the point in time at which something ends; "the end of the year"; "the ending of warranty period" (同)ending
4. bring to an end or halt; "She ended their friendship when she found out that he had once been convicted of a crime"; "The attack on Poland terminated the relatively peaceful period after WW I" (同)terminate
5. a piece of cloth that is left over after the rest has been used or sold (同)remainder, remnant, oddment
6. (American football) a position on the line of scrimmage; "no one wanted to play end"
7. the part you are expected to play; "he held up his end"
8. the concluding parts of an event or occurrence; "the end was exciting"; "I had to miss the last of the movie" (同)last, final_stage
9. either extremity of something that has length; "the end of the pier"; "she knotted the end of the thread"; "they rode to the end of the line"; "the terminals of the anterior arches of the fornix" (同)terminal
10. (football) the person who plays at one end of the line of scrimmage; "the end managed to hold onto the pass"
11. a boundary marking the extremities of something; "the end of town"
12. a final part or section; "we have given it at the end of the section since it involves the calculus"; "Start at the beginning and go on until you come to the end"
13. one of two places from which people are communicating to each other; "the phone rang at the other end"; "both ends wrote at the same time"
14. the surface at either extremity of a three-dimensional object; "one end of the box was marked `This side up"
15. have an end, in a temporal, spatial, or quantitative sense; either spatial or metaphorical; "the bronchioles terminate in a capillary bed"; "Your rights stop where you infringe upon the rights of other"; "My property ends by the bushes"; "The symphony ends in a pianissimo" (同)stop, finish, terminate, cease
16. be the end of; be the last or concluding part of; "This sad scene ended the movie" (同)terminate
17. to remain unmolested, undisturbed, or uninterrupted -- used only in infinitive form; "let her be"
18. work in a specific place, with a specific subject, or in a specific function; "He is a herpetologist"; "She is our resident philosopher" (同)follow
19. have life, be alive; "Our great leader is no more"; "My grandfather lived until the end of war" (同)live
20. be identical to; be someone or something; "The president of the company is John Smith"; "This is my house"
21. happen, occur, take place; "I lost my wallet; this was during the visit to my parents house"; "There were two hundred people at his funeral"; "There was a lot of noise in the kitchen"
22. have the quality of being; (copula, used with an adjective or a predicate noun); "John is rich"; "This is not a good answer"
23. occupy a certain position or area; be somewhere; "Where is my umbrella?" "The toolshed is in the back"; "What is behind this behavior?"
24. spend or use time; "I may be an hour"
25. stake on the outcome of an issue; "I bet $100 on that new horse"; "She played all her money on the dark horse" (同)wager, play
26. the act of gambling; "he did it on a bet" (同)wager
27. maintain with or as if with a bet; "I bet she will be there!" (同)wager
28. second in order of importance; "the candidate, considered a beta male, was perceived to be unable to lead his party to victory"
29. the 2nd letter of the Greek alphabet
30. preliminary or testing stage of a software or hardware product; "a beta version"; "beta software"
31. event whose occurrence ends something; "his death marked the ending of an era"; "when these final episodes are broadcast it will be the finish of the show" (同)conclusion, finish
32. the end of a word (a suffix or inflectional ending or final morpheme); "I dont like words that have -ism as an ending" (同)termination

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. (細いものの)『端』,先端《+『of』+『名』》 / (物語などの)『終り』,終結部《+『of』+『名』》 / (物事・期間の)『最後』《+『of』+『名』》;(…に)結末をつけるもの《+『to』+『名』》 / (…の)端の部分,末端部《『of』+『名』》 / 《しばしば複数形で》『目的』(purpose),目標(aim) / 《遠回しに》死,滅亡 / 《しばしば複数形で》切れ端,くず,残りもの / (事業などの)部門(part) / (フットボールで)エンド)前衛両端の選手または位置) / …‘を'『終わらせる』,終える / 〈物事が〉…‘の'終りとなる,‘を'締めくくる / 『終わる』,終了する(come to an end)
2. 《連結語として補語を伴なって…『である』,…だ,…です / 《位置・場所を表す語句を伴って》(…に)『ある』,いる(occupy a place or situation) / 〈物事が〉『存在する』,ある(exist);〈生物が〉生存する,生きている(live) / 行われる,起こる,発生する(take place, occur) / 存続する,そのままでいる(remain as before) / 《『be to』 do》 / …する予定である,…することになっている / …すべきだ / 《受動態の不定詞を伴って》…できる / 《命令》…するのだ / 《条件節に》…する意図がある / 《『if…were to』 do》…するとしたなら / 《『be』 do『ing』》《進行形》 / 《進行中の動作》…している,しつつある / 《近い未来》…しようとしている,するつもり / 《動作の反復》(いつも)…している / 《『be』+『他動詞の過去分詞』》《受動態》…される,されている / 《『be』+『自動詞の過去分詞』》《完了形》…した[状態にある]
3. 『かけ』・(…との)かけ《+『with』+『名』》 / かけた物(金) / かけの対象 / 〈金・物〉'を'『かける』 / (かけ事・ゲームなどで)〈人〉‘と'『かけをする』《+『名』〈人〉+『on』+『名』》 / (…に)『かける』《+『on』(『against』)+『名』(one's do『ing』)》
4. ベータ(ギリシア語アルファベットの第2文字;B,β;英語のB,b に遭当)
5. 終り,終了;(物語・映画などの)結末 / (文の)語尾

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/08/24 16:54:42」(JST)

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endo-1,4-β-xylanase
Identifiers
EC number	3.2.1.8
CAS number	9025-57-4
Databases
IntEnz	IntEnz view
BRENDA	BRENDA entry
ExPASy	NiceZyme view
KEGG	KEGG entry
MetaCyc	metabolic pathway
PRIAM	profile
PDB structures	RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum
Gene Ontology	AmiGO / EGO
Search PMC articles PubMed articles NCBI proteins

Xylanase (EC 3.2.1.8, endo-(1->4)-beta-xylan 4-xylanohydrolase, endo-1,4-xylanase, endo-1,4-beta-xylanase, beta-1,4-xylanase, endo-1,4-beta-D-xylanase, 1,4-beta-xylan xylanohydrolase, beta-xylanase, beta-1,4-xylan xylanohydrolase, beta-D-xylanase) is the name given to a class of enzymes which degrade the linear polysaccharide beta-1,4-xylan into xylose, thus breaking down hemicellulose, one of the major components of plant cell walls.

As such, it plays a major role in micro-organisms thriving on plant sources (mammals, conversely, do not produce xylanase). Additionally, xylanases are present in fungi such as from the GRAS recognized fungus C1, Myceliophthora thermophila [2]for the degradation of plant matter into usable nutrients.

Commercial applications for xylanase include the chlorine-free bleaching of wood pulp prior to the papermaking process, and the increased digestibility of silage (in this aspect, it is also used for fermentative composting).

Apart from its use in the pulp and paper industry, xylanases from commercially relevant fungi such as Myceliophthora thermophila, C1 and Trichoderma are also used as food additives to poultry, in wheat flour for improving dough handling and quality of baked products [3], for the extraction of coffee, plant oils, and starch, in the improvement of nutritional properties of agricultural silage and grain feed, and in combination with pectinase and cellulase for clarification of fruit juices and degumming of plant fiber sources such as flax, hemp, jute, and ramie. Good number of scientific literature is available on key features of xylanase enzymes in biotechnology ranging from their screening in microbial sources to production methods, characterization, purification and applications in commercial sector.

Additionally, it is the key ingredient in the dough conditioners s500 and us500 manufactured by Puratos. These enzymes are used to improve the dough's workability and absorption of water.

In the future, xylanase may be used for the production of biofuel from unusable plant material.

References

[4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9]

Further reading

• Dashek, William V (1997). "Xylanase". Methods in Plant Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. CRC Press. pp. 313–5. ISBN 0-8493-9480-5. "Xylans can by hydrolyzed by β-xylanase" 
• Risk Assessment Summary, CEPA 1999. Trichoderma reesei 1391A
• Risk Assessment Summary, CEPA 1999. Trichoderma reesei P345A
• Risk Assessment Summary, CEPA 1999. Trichoderma reesei P210A
• Risk Assessment Summary, CEPA 1999. Trichoderma longibrachiatum RM4-100

UpToDate Contents

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• 1. β-ラクタマーゼ阻害剤、カルバペネム系、およびモノバクタム系抗菌薬の併用 combination beta lactamase inhibitors carbapenems and monobactams
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• 3. 基質特異性拡張型β-ラクタマーゼ extended spectrum beta lactamases
• 4. β-ラクタム系抗生物質：作用機序、耐性および有害作用 beta lactam antibiotics mechanisms of action and resistance and adverse effects
• 5. β遮断剤中毒 beta blocker poisoning

English Journal

• Calcium alginate matrix increases the stability and recycling capability of immobilized endo-β-1,4-xylanase from Geobacillus stearothermophilus KIBGE-IB29.

• Bibi Z1, Qader SA, Aman A.
• Extremophiles : life under extreme conditions.Extremophiles.2015 Jul;19(4):819-27. doi: 10.1007/s00792-015-0757-y. Epub 2015 May 23.
• Exploration of microbial pool from extremely diversified ecosystem is significantly important for various industrial applications. Bacterial communities from extreme habitats including volcanic vents, hot springs, and industrial sectors are eagerly explored for the isolation of thermophiles. Geobaci
• PMID 26001519

• GH11 xylanase from Emericella nidulans with low sensitivity to inhibition by ethanol and lignocellulose-derived phenolic compounds.

• Silva CO1, Aquino EN2, Ricart CA3, Midorikawa GE4, Miller RN4, Filho EX5.
• FEMS microbiology letters.FEMS Microbiol Lett.2015 Jul;362(13). pii: fnv094. Epub 2015 Jun 3.
• An endo-β-1,4-xylanase (X22) was purified from crude extract of Emericella nidulans when cultivated on submerged fermentation using sugarcane bagasse as the carbon source. The purified protein was identified by mass spectrometry and was most active at pH and temperature intervals of 5.0-6.5 and 50-
• PMID 26040589

• Functional co-expression of a fungal ferulic acid esterase and a β-1,4 endoxylanase in Festuca arundinacea (tall fescue) modifies post-harvest cell wall deconstruction.

• Buanafina MM1, Dalton S, Langdon T, Timms-Taravella E, Shearer EA, Morris P.
• Planta.Planta.2015 Jul;242(1):97-111. doi: 10.1007/s00425-015-2288-2. Epub 2015 Apr 9.
• MAIN CONCLUSION: Improved post-harvest cell wall deconstruction of tall fescue leaves has been demonstrated by in-planta co-expression of a constitutively expressed ferulic acid esterase together with a senescence-induced β-1,4 endoxylanase. Tall fescue plants (Festuca arundinacea) constitutively e
• PMID 25854601

Japanese Journal

• Three-dimensional structure of Endo-1,4-beta xylanase I from Aspergillus niger, molecular basis for its low pH optimum

• KRENGEL U.
• J. Mol. Biol. 263, 70-78, 1996
• NAID 80009268764

Related Links

• endo-1,4-beta-xylanase - Definition - Mondofacto

<enzyme> <cell biology> From bacteria Registry number: EC 3.2.1.8 Synonyms: endoxylanase, beta xylanase, xylanase z, pentosanase, xyna protein, xyna gene product, xylanase j, xlna gene product, xylanase y, xlny gene ...

• Endo-1,4-beta-xylanase - Trichoderma harzianum

Endo-1,4-beta-xylanase (EC:3.2.1.8) Short name: Xylanase Alternative name(s): 1,4-beta-D-xylan xylanohydrolase Organism i Trichoderma harzianum (Hypocrea lixii) Taxonomic identifier i 5544 [NCBI] Taxonomic lineage i › › › › › ...

Related Pictures

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「endoxylanase」
関連記事	「end」「endo」「ending」「xylanase」「beta」

「endoxylanase」

　　[★]

エンドキシラナーゼ

関

endo-1,4-beta-xylanase

「end」

　　[★]

• n.

• 終わり、末端、端、目標

• v.

• 終了する、終わる

関

aim、brink、cease、complete、conclude、corner、distal、eventuate、extremity、goal、object、objective、side、terminal、terminally、terminate、termination

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　

「endo」

　　[★]

• comb form.

• エンド、内

関

internal、intra

「ending」

　　[★]

• n.

• 終末

関

terminal、terminally

　 　 　

「xylanase」

　　[★]

キシラナーゼ、キシラン分解酵素

「beta」

　　[★]

β、ベータ