arrest

• vt.

• (法)逮捕する、拘束する、差し押さえる。止める、阻止する、押さえる。(注意・人目を)ひく、とらえる。

• n.

• 阻止、抑止、拘束。停止状態

full arrest→心肺停止状態？

　 　

WordNet

1. the state of inactivity following an interruption; "the negotiations were in arrest"; "held them in check"; "during the halt he got some lunch"; "the momentary stay enabled him to escape the blow"; "he spent the entire stop in his seat" (同)check, halt, hitch, stay, stop, stoppage
2. put something in a resting position, as for support or steadying; "Rest your head on my shoulder"
3. euphemisms for death (based on an analogy between lying in a bed and in a tomb); "she was laid to rest beside her husband"; "they had to put their family pet to sleep" (同)eternal rest, sleep, eternal sleep, quietus
4. a state of inaction; "a body will continue in a state of rest until acted upon"
5. be at rest
6. freedom from activity (work or strain or responsibility); "took his repose by the swimming pool" (同)ease, repose, relaxation
7. a support on which things can be put; "the gun was steadied on a special rest"
8. a musical notation indicating a silence of a specified duration
9. take a short break from ones activities in order to relax (同)breathe, catch one''s breath, take a breather
10. be inherent or innate in; (同)reside, repose
11. be inactive, refrain from acting; "The committee is resting over the summer"
12. give a rest to; "He rested his bad leg"; "Rest the dogs for a moment"
13. not move; be in a resting position
14. cause to stop; "stop a car"; "stop the thief"
15. a brief stay in the course of a journey; "they made a stopover to visit their friends" (同)stopover, layover
16. the act of stopping something; "the third baseman made some remarkable stops"; "his stoppage of the flow resulted in a flood" (同)stoppage
17. (music) a knob on an organ that is pulled to change the sound quality from the organ pipes; "the organist pulled out all the stops"
18. the event of something ending; "it came to a stop at the bottom of the hill" (同)halt
19. a spot where something halts or pauses; "his next stop is Atlanta"
20. come to a halt, stop moving; "the car stopped"; "She stopped in front of a store window" (同)halt
21. stop from happening or developing; "Block his election"; "Halt the process" (同)halt, block, kibosh
22. interrupt a trip; "we stopped at Aunt Marys house"; "they stopped for three days in Florence" (同)stop over
23. produce by offset printing; "offset the conference proceedings"
24. a plate makes an inked impression on a rubber-blanketed cylinder, which in turn transfers it to the paper (同)offset_printing
25. compensate for or counterbalance; "offset deposits and withdrawals" (同)countervail
26. cause (printed matter) to transfer or smear onto another surface
27. create an offset in; "offset a wall"
28. to put down by force or authority; "suppress a nascent uprising"; "stamp down on littering"; "conquer ones desires" (同)stamp down, inhibit, subdue, conquer, curb
29. reduce the incidence or severity of or stop; "suppress a yawn"; "this drug can suppress the hemorrhage"
30. put out of ones consciousness (同)repress
31. cause to stop; "Halt the engines"; "Arrest the progress"; "halt the presses" (同)hold, arrest
32. an abnormal state in which development has stopped prematurely (同)fixation, infantile fixation, regression
33. a wire net to stop sparks from an open fireplace or smokestack (同)sparker
34. commanding attention; "an arresting drawing of people turning into animals"; "a sensational concert--one never to be forgotten"; "a stunning performance" (同)sensational, stunning

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. (…の罪で)…'を'『逮捕する』,検挙する《+『名』+『for』+『名』》 / 〈進歩など〉'を'止める / 〈注意など〉'を'ひく / 逮捕,検挙 / 止めること,阻止,停止
2. 〈U〉〈C〉『休息』,休憩,休養;休息の時間(期間);(…から)解放されて休むこと《+『from』+『名』》 / 〈U〉〈C〉睡眠(sleep) / 動かないこと,停止,静止 / 〈C〉《複合語に用いて》「(物を載せる)台,支え」の意を表す / 〈U〉《詩》死,永眠 / 〈C〉(音楽で)休止;休止符 / 『休む』,『休息する』;(仕事などを)やめて休む《+『from』+『名』》 / 『安心する』,落ち着く,くつろぐ / (…に)『載っている』,『支えられている』《+『on』(『upon』)+『名』》;(…に)もたれている(lean)《+『against』+『名』》 / 〈光・視線などが〉(…に)注がれる,じっと留まる《+『on』(『upon』)+『名』》 / (変化しないで)そのままでいる,休止(静止)する / 永眠する / (訴訟事件で)証拠提出を自発的に中止する / 《しばしば受動態で》…‘を'『休息(休養)させる』,休ませる / (…に)…‘を'置く,載せる,基づかせる《+『名』+『on』(『upon』)+『名』(do『ing』)》;(…に)…‘を'よりかからせる》+『名』+『against』+『名』》 / 〈訴訟事件〉‘の'証拠提出を自発的に中止する
3. (…の)『残り』,残与《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈U〉《the~》《複数扱い》『そのほかの物(人)』 / 《rest+形(名)〈補〉》(ある状態の)ままである(remain)
4. 〈動いているもの〉‘を'『止める』 / 〈供給など〉‘を'停止する / …‘を'阻止する,やめさせる / 〈自分がしていること〉‘を'『やめる』,中断する / 〈穴・口など〉‘を'ふさぐ,〈びんなど〉‘に'せんをする / 〈相手の一撃など〉‘を'かわす;〈相手〉‘を'打ち負かす,ノックアウトする / 〈楽器の弦・穴〉‘を'指で押さえる,〈音〉‘を'指で押さえて出す / 〈動いているものが〉『止まる』,停止する,立ち止まる / 〈仕事・話などが〉『中断する』;〈雨などが〉やむ / 〈人が〉仕事(話など)をやめる,手を休める,一息つく / 《話》(…に)滞在する,とどまる《+『at』+『名』〈場所〉『,』+『with』+『名』〈人〉》 / 『止まること』,停止,中止,中断 / (旅先での)短期間の滞在,立ち寄り / (道路の)停留所 / (穴などを)ふさぐこと…(びんなどの)せん / (パイプオルガンなどの)ストップ,音栓(肝先) / 句読点,(特に)終止符 / (レンズの)絞り / 閉鎖音([p][b][k]など)
5. (…を)相殺(そうさい)するもの,(…の)埋め合わせ《+『to』(『for』)+『名』》 / (地面に近い幹から出る)側枝,横枝 / =offset printing / …‘を'埋め合わせる,相殺する / …‘を'オフセット印刷する
6. 〈反乱など〉‘を'『鎮圧する』…,‘の'活動を押える / 〈感情・欲望など〉‘を'『抑制する』,抑える / …‘の'発表を禁止する,伏せる
7. 《a~》『停止』,休止 / 《おもに英》停車場;バス停 / 『停止』(休止)『する』 / …‘を'停止(休止)させる
8. ためらう
9. 脚の不自由な人
10. 人の注意をひく,きわだった

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2017/07/10 21:40:25」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

For other uses, see Arrest (disambiguation).

Lucy Parsons after her arrest for rioting during an unemployment protest at Hull House in Chicago, Illinois, 1915

Arrested men in Rio de Janeiro

A United States Army soldier arrests a man in June 2007, during the Iraq War

An arrest is the act of depriving people of their liberty, usually in relation to an investigation or prevention of a crime, and thus detaining the arrested person in a procedure as part of the criminal justice system.

Police and various other bodies have powers of arrest. In some places, the power is more general; for example in England and Wales, any person can arrest "anyone whom he has reasonable grounds for suspecting to be committing, have committed or be guilty of committing an indictable offence," although certain conditions must be met before taking such action.

Etymology

The word "arrest" is Anglo-Norman in origin, derived from the French word arrêt meaning 'to stop or stay' and signifies a restraint of a person. Lexicologically, the meaning of the word arrest is given in various dictionaries depending upon the circumstances in which word is used. There are numerous slang terms for being arrested throughout the world. In British slang terminology, the term "nicked" is often synonymous with being arrested, and "nick" can also refer to a police station, and the term "pinched" is also common. In the United States and France the term "collared" is sometimes used. The term "lifted" is also heard on occasion.

Procedure

India

According to Indian law, no formality is needed during the procedure of arrest. The arrest can be made by a citizen, a police officer or a Magistrate. The police officer needs to inform the person being arrested the full particulars of the person's offence and that they are entitled to be released on bail if the offence fits the criteria for being bailable.

United States

Minor crimes and infractions

When there exists probable cause to believe that a person has committed a minor crime, such as petty theft, driving on a suspended license, or disturbing the peace, law enforcement agents typically issue the individual a citation but do not arrest them. The person must then appear in court on the date provided on the citation. Prior to the court date, the prosecution will decide whether to file formal criminal charges against the individual. When the accused appears in court, they will be advised if formal criminal charges have been filed. If charges are filed, they will be asked to plead guilty or not guilty at the initial court hearing, which is referred to as the arraignment.

Arrests for serious crimes

When a person is arrested for a serious crime, in California for example, the accused is entitled to be released upon reasonable bail. The accused will be advised of the bail amount, which is based upon a bail schedule that is established on an annual basis by the judges in each county. When law enforcement agents believe to have probable cause to arrest a person for a serious crime, the police typically handcuff an arrested person. The accused will have their mug shot taken and be held in a police station or jail pending their ability to post bail. If the accused cannot post bail, they will appear at their arraignment where the judge will determine if the bail set by the schedule should be raised, lowered, or remain at the initial amount.

Also, in certain states, the prosecution has 48 hours to decide whether or not to file formal charges against the accused. For example, in California, if no formal charges are filed within the 48-hour period, the accused must be released from custody. If formal charges are filed, the accused will be asked to appear at their arraignment. At the arraignment, the accused will be asked to plead guilty or not guilty, and the judge will set a bail amount (or refuse to set bail) for the accused.

In 2010, the FBI estimated that law enforcement agencies made 13,120,947 arrests (excluding traffic violations). Of those persons arrested, 74.5% were male and 69.4 percent of all persons arrested were white, 28.0 percent were black, and the remaining 2.6 percent were of other ethnicities.

Powers of arrest

United Kingdom

England and Wales

Arrests under English law fall into two general categories—with and without a warrant—and then into more specific subcategories. Regardless of what power a person is arrested under, they must be informed that they are under arrest and of the grounds for their arrest at the time or as soon after the arrest as is practicable, otherwise the arrest is unlawful.

Scotland

Arrest with a warrant

A justice of the peace can issue warrants to arrest suspects and witnesses.

Arrest without a warrant

Main article: Powers of the police in England and Wales § Arrest without warrant

There are four subcategories of arrest without warrant:

• under the provisions of section 24 of the Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984 (PACE), which only applies to constables,
• under the provisions of section 24A of PACE, applies to those who are not constables,
• the power to arrest for a breach of the peace at common law, which applies to everyone (constable or not and includes a power of entry), and
• the powers to arrest otherwise than for an offence, which apply to constables only.

United States

United States law recognizes the common law arrest under various jurisdictions.

Hong Kong

The police may arrest a person according to a warrant issued by a Magistrate under sections 31, 72, 73 or 74 of the Magistrates Ordinance. For example, an arrest warrant may be issued if an accused person does not appear in Court when he is due to answer a charge.

However, an arrest warrant is not always necessary. Under section 50(1) of the Police Force Ordinance, a police officer can "apprehend" (i.e. arrest) a person if he reasonably suspects the person being arrested is guilty of an offence. Whether there is such a reasonable suspicion in a particular case is to be determined objectively by reference to facts and information which the arresting officer has at the time of the arrest. It is not necessary that the officer knows the exact statutory provision that the suspect has violated, so long as the officer reasonably suspects that the suspect has done something amounting to an offence.

Warnings on arrest

United Kingdom

See also: Right to silence in England and Wales

In the United Kingdom a person must be told that they are under arrest in simple, non-technical language, the essential legal and factual grounds for his arrest. A person must be 'cautioned' when being arrested or subject to a criminal prosecution procedure, unless this is impractical due to the behaviour of the arrested person.

The caution required in England and Wales states,

I am arresting you on suspicion of ... and you do not have to say anything; but it may harm your defence if you do not mention when questioned something which you later rely on in court. Anything you do say may be given in evidence.

The caution required in Scotland states:

You are not obliged to say anything, but anything you do say will be noted and may be used in evidence.

United States

See also: Miranda warning

Based on the U.S. Supreme Court ruling in Miranda v. Arizona, after making an arrest, the police must inform the detainee of their Fifth Amendment and Sixth Amendment rights in order for statements made during questioning to be admissible as evidence against the detainee in court. A Miranda warning is required only when a person has been taken into custody (i.e. is not free to leave) and is being interrogated, and the results of this interrogation are to be used in court. An officer is not required to inform a person of their Miranda rights if they will not be questioning them any further after their arrest. An officer is also not necessarily required to provide a Miranda warning if the person they are questioning has not been arrested or if a person they have arrested speaks spontaneously without being questioned. There is also an exception that permits questioning without providing the warning under circumstances involving urgent matters of public safety.

The warning must inform the detainee that they have the right to be silent and the right to have an attorney present during questioning, and the detainee must be told that what they say can be used against them and that if they want an attorney but cannot afford one, then an attorney will be provided at no cost to represent them. The failure to provide a detainee with an adequate warning could make information obtained from an interrogation inadmissible in court, but does not prevent other evidence from being used to obtain a conviction. As in the British system, the exact phrasing of the warning is not explicitly mandated under federal law. There are also additional requirements about the warning that vary from state to state and may depend on the circumstances (such as when the arrestee is a non-citizen or juvenile). Police officers often carry a copy of an exact wording with them and read from it when providing the warning, so they can later testify as to the exact wording they used as a way to show that they phrased the warning appropriately.

Hong Kong

Immediately after the arrest, the police must inform you of your right to remain silent. You may choose whether or not to answer any questions posed by the police (except that you may need to provide your name and address to the police). The police officer will caution you by saying,

"You are not obliged to say anything unless you wish to do so but whatever you say will be put into writing and may be given in evidence."

Search on arrest

United Kingdom

England and Wales

Main article: Powers of the police in England and Wales § People or vehicles

Non-criminal arrests

United States

Breach of a court order can be civil contempt of court, and a warrant for the person's arrest may be issued. Some court orders contain authority for a police officer to make an arrest without further order.

If a legislature lacks a quorum, many jurisdictions allow the members present the power to order a call of the house, which orders the arrest of the members who are not present. A member arrested is brought to the body's chamber to achieve a quorum. The member arrested does not face prosecution, but may be required to pay a fine to the legislative body.

Following arrest

While an arrest will not necessarily lead to a criminal conviction, it may nonetheless in some jurisdictions have serious ramifications such as absence from work, social stigma, and in some cases, the legal obligation to disclose a conviction when a person applies for a job, a loan or a professional license. In the United States a person who was not found guilty after an arrest can remove their arrest record through an expungement or (in California) a finding of factual innocence. A cleared person has the choice to file a complaint or a lawsuit if they choose to. Legal action is sometimes filed against the government after a wrongful arrest.

For convictions, the collateral consequences are more severe in the United States than in the UK, where arrests without conviction do not appear in standard criminal record checks and need not be disclosed, whereas in the United States, people have to expunge or (if the case goes to court) seal arrest without convictions, or if the charges are dropped. However, in the UK, 'Enhanced' CRB disclosures permit a Chief Constable to disclose this data if they believe it relevant to the post for which the CRB disclosure was applied.

See also

• Arbitrary arrest and detention
• Arrest without warrant
• Arrestable offence (obsolete term in UK law)
• Citizen's arrest (or any person arrest)
• False arrest
• House arrest
• Individuals with powers of arrest
• Law enforcement agency
• Mass arrest
• Nightwalker Statute
• Police and Criminal Evidence Act 1984
• Pre-dawn raid
• Remand
• Resisting arrest
• Surety

Further reading

• The Future of Getting Arrested - "What they're gonna do when they come for you," The Atlantic, Jan.-Feb. 2015

External links

• A person's rights when stopped, questioned or arrested by the police (Directgov, England and Wales)
• Pre-Filing Investigation A pre-filing investigation takes place before a person is arrested and charged for a crime. A pre-filing investigation is when a person may be under investigation for a crime, but criminal charges have yet to be brought against him or her.
• Police Arrests USA police arrest records.

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

• 1. 突然の心停止の予後および転帰 prognosis and outcomes following sudden cardiac arrest
• 2. 小児における突然の心停止および突然死 sudden cardiac arrest and death in children
• 3. 呼吸または循環障害を呈する小児の初期評価および安定化 initial assessment and stabilization of children with respiratory or circulatory compromise
• 4. 周産期心筋症：治療および予後 peripartum cardiomyopathy treatment and prognosis
• 5. Palliative care: Medically futile and potentially inappropriate/inadvisable therapies

English Journal

• Green tea and anticancer perspectives: updates from last decade.

• Butt MS1, Ahmad RS, Sultan MT, Qayyum MM, Naz A.
• Critical reviews in food science and nutrition.Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr.2015 May 12;55(6):792-805. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2012.680205.
• Green tea is the most widely consumed beverage besides water and has attained significant attention owing to health benefits against array of maladies, e.g., obesity, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disorders, and cancer insurgence. The major bioactive molecules are epigallocatechin-3-gallate, epi
• PMID 24915354

• Influence of nuclear blebs and micronuclei status on the growth kinetics of human mesenchymal stem cells.

• Sharma S1, Bhonde R.
• Journal of cellular physiology.J Cell Physiol.2015 Mar;230(3):657-66. doi: 10.1002/jcp.24789.
• Therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) demands assurance of the quality, safety, and genetic stability. Nuclear blebs (NBs) and Micronuclei (MNs) are considered as biomarkers for cancer and an increase in their numbers is associated with malignancy and other pathologic disorders. How
• PMID 25187435

• MicroRNA let-7a suppresses the growth and invasion of cholesteatoma keratinocytes.

• Zhang W, Chen X, Qin Z.
• Molecular medicine reports.Mol Med Rep.2015 Mar;11(3):2097-103. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2971. Epub 2014 Nov 18.
• Cholesteatomas are benign epidermally‑derived lesions of the temporal bone that are caused by migration of hyperproliferative keratinocytes into the middle ear and mastoid cavity. The molecular mechanisms that regulate the pathogenesis of cholesteatomas are currently not fully understood. The pres
• PMID 25405753

• Rab25 is responsible for phosphoinositide 3-kinase/AKT‑mediated cisplatin resistance in human epithelial ovarian cancer cells.

• Fan Y1, Wang L2, Han X1, Liu X1, Ma H1.
• Molecular medicine reports.Mol Med Rep.2015 Mar;11(3):2173-8. doi: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2963. Epub 2014 Nov 17.
• Rab25, a member of the Rab family of small guanosine triphosphatase, was reported to have an essential role in the development of human epithelial ovarian cancer. The present study demonstrated that Rab25 mediated the sensitivity of ovarian cancer to cisplatin, a first‑line chemotherapeutic agent
• PMID 25405658

Japanese Journal

• スポーツ現場における心停止とその救命 (AEDがもたらした救命のパラダイムシフト)

• 医学のあゆみ 262(12), 1093-1097, 2017-09-16
• NAID 40021315480

• Sudden Death Phenomenon While Bathing in Japan : Mortality Data

• Circulation journal : official journal of the Japanese Circulation Society 81(8), 1144-1149, 2017-08
• NAID 40021261432

• 看護職が高齢者の「予想される死」において「呼吸停止確認」を担う場合における看取り教育へのニーズ : 介護老人保健・福祉施設に勤務し,「呼吸停止確認」に賛成する当該職種への調査から

• 老年看護学 = Journal of Japan Academy of Gerontological Nursing : 日本老年看護学会誌 22(1), 123-130, 2017-07
• NAID 40021290561

• こめ油成分を活用した相乗的ながん抑制効果 (特集 こめ油に関する最新の知見)

• オレオサイエンス 17(6), 261-268, 2017-06
• NAID 40021230925

Related Links

• arrestの意味・用例｜英辞郎 on the WEB：アルク

arrest 【自動】 心不全を起こす 〔人が〕逮捕される 【他動】 〔警察などが〕～... - アルクがお届けする進化するオンライン英和・和英辞書データベース。一般的な単語や連語から、イディオム、専門用語、スラングまで幅広く収録。

• Arrest | Define Arrest at Dictionary.com

arrest ar·rest (ə-rěst') v. ar·rest·ed, ar·rest·ing, ar·rests To stop; check. To undergo cardiac arrest. n. An interference with or a checking of the regular course of a disease or symptom, a stoppage. Interference with the performance of a ...

• Arrest | Definition of Arrest by Merriam-Webster

The police arrested him on drug charges. The police officer said, “ I'm arresting you in the name of the law. ” The drugs can't arrest the disease's progress, but ... Middle English aresten, from Anglo-French arester to stop, arrest, from ...

Related Pictures

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「rest」「offset」「stop」「abrogate」「suppress」
拡張検索	「cardiopulmonary arrest on arrival」

「rest」

　　[★]

• n.

• 急速、休養、西洋、睡眠。休憩。永眠
• 安息所、宿泊所
• 安静、安楽、安堵、安心、平温
• 休止、停止、静止
• 台

• vi.

• 休む
• 安心している、落ち着いている
• 休止する、静止する
• ある、位置を占める、かかる。(目・視線が)とまる、向けられる、注がれる
• たよる。希望を賭ける、信ずる
• (～に)基づく、依存している。

• vt.

関

arrest、ease、remainder、resting、stasis、still

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　

「offset」

　　[★]

• vt.

• 差し引き勘定する、相殺する。(長所で短所を)補う

Although acetaldehyde may be a potential accelerant to liver injury, this risk is generally offset by an aversion to further alcohol intake induced by flushing.

• (比較のために)並置する。(管などを)軸/中心線を外しておく

• vi.
• n.

• (オフにすること)停止、オフセット、片寄り

• adj.

関

arrest、bias、halt、stalling、standstill、stop

　 　 　 　 　 　

「stop」

　　[★]

• n.

• 中止、停止、ストップ

• v.

• 中止する、停止する、止める

関

abort、arrest、discontinuance、discontinuation、discontinue、halt、offset、pause、stall、stalling、stanch、standstill、suspend、withdraw、withdrawal

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　

「abrogate」

　　[★]

• vt.

• (法・慣習を)廃止・破棄する。排除する、捨てる

関

abolish、abolition、abrogation、arrest、cancel、depress、depression、inhibit、inhibition、restrain、restraint、suppress、suppression

　 　

「suppress」

　　[★]

• v.

• 抑制する、抑える、抑止する

関

abrogate、abrogation、arrest、curb、depress、depression、inhibit、inhibition、restrain、restraint、subdue、suppression

　 　 　 　

「cardiopulmonary arrest on arrival」

　　[★] 来院時心肺停止 CPAOA