バンコマイシン耐性黄色ブドウ球菌
WordNet
- impervious to being affected; "resistant to the effects of heat"; "resistant to persuasion"
- spherical Gram-positive parasitic bacteria that tend to form irregular colonies; some cause boils or septicemia or infections (同)staphylococci, staph
- an antibiotic (trade name Vancocin) effective against some bacterial infections (同)Vancocin
PrepTutorEJDIC
- 抵抗力のある;(…に)抵抗する《+『to』+『名』》
- ブドウ状球菌
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/01/26 09:18:32」(JST)
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This article needs more medical references for verification or relies too heavily on primary sources. Please review the contents of the article and add the appropriate references if you can. Unsourced or poorly sourced material may be removed. (June 2015) |
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Scanning electron micrograph (SEM) shows a strain of
Staphylococcus aureus bacteria taken from a vancomycin intermediate resistant culture (VISA).
Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus refers to strains of Staphylococcus aureus that have become resistant to the glycopeptide antibiotic vancomycin.[1]
Contents
- 1 History and biology
- 1.1 Vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (VISA)
- 1.2 Vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA)
- 1.3 heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (hVISA),
- 2 Mechanism of acquired resistance
- 3 Treatment of infection
- 4 Further reading
- 5 References
History and biology
Three classes of vancomycin-resistant S. aureus have emerged that differ in vancomycin susceptibilities: vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (VISA), heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (hVISA), and high-level vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA).[2]
Vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (VISA)
VISA was first identified in Japan in 1997 and has since been found in hospitals elsewhere in Asia, as well as in the United Kingdom, France, the U.S., and Brazil. It is also termed GISA (glycopeptide-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus), indicating resistance to all glycopeptide antibiotics. These bacterial strains present a thickening of the cell wall, which is believed to reduce the ability of vancomycin to diffuse into the division septum of the cell required for effective vancomycin treatment.[3]
Vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA)
High-level vancomycin resistance in S. aureus has been rarely reported.[4] In vitro and in vivo experiments reported in 1992 demonstrated that vancomycin resistance genes from Enterococcus faecalis could be transferred by gene transfer to S. aureus, conferring high-level vancomycin resistance to S. aureus.[5] Until 2002 such a genetic transfer was not reported for wild S. aureus strains. In 2002, a VRSA strain was isolated from a patient in Michigan.[6] The isolate contained the mecA gene for methicillin resistance. Vancomycin MICs of the VRSA isolate were consistent with the VanA phenotype of Enterococcus species, and the presence of the vanA gene was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction. The DNA sequence of the VRSA vanA gene was identical to that of a vancomycin-resistant strain of Enterococcus faecalis recovered from the same catheter tip. The vanA gene was later found to be encoded within a transposon located on a plasmid carried by the VRSA isolate. This transposon, Tn1546, confers vanA-type vancomycin resistance in enterococci.[7]
heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (hVISA),
The definition of hVISA according to Hiramatsu et al. is a strain of Staphylococcus aureus that gives resistance to vancomycin at a frequency of 10−6 colonies or even higher.[8]
Mechanism of acquired resistance
VRSA (isolates) consist of the vanA vancomycin resistance gene, also both VRSA and VISA cells have thicker cell walls.[9][10]
Treatment of infection
Ceftobiprole was found to be effective for VISA.[11] Trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole was shown to have efficacy in treating VRSA.[12]
Further reading
- Chang, Soju; Sievert, Dawn M.; Hageman, Jeffrey C.; Boulton, Matthew L.; Tenover, Fred C.; Downes, Frances Pouch; Shah, Sandip; Rudrik, James T.; Pupp, Guy R. (April 3, 2003). "Infection with Vancomycin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Containing the vanA Resistance Gene". New England Journal of Medicine 348 (14): 1342–1347. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa025025. ISSN 0028-4793. PMID 12672861.
References
- ^ "CDC - VISA / VRSA in Healthcare Settings - HAI". www.cdc.gov. Retrieved 2015-06-11.
- ^ Appelbaum PC (November 2007). "Reduced glycopeptide susceptibility in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)". Int. J. Antimicrob. Agents 30 (5): 398–408. doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2007.07.011. PMID 17888634.
- ^ Howden BP, Davies JK, Johnson PD, Stinear TP, Grayson ML (Jan 2010). "Reduced vancomycin susceptibility in Staphylococcus aureus, including vancomycin-intermediate and heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate strains: resistance mechanisms, laboratory detection, and clinical implications". Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 23 (1): 99–139. doi:10.1128/CMR.00042-09. PMC 2806658. PMID 20065327.
- ^ Gould IM (December 2010). "VRSA-doomsday superbug or damp squib?". Lancet Infect Dis 10 (12): 816–8. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(10)70259-0. PMID 21109164.
- ^ Proft, Thomas (2013). Bacterial Toxins: Genetics, Cellular Biology and Practical Applications. Horizon Scientific Press. ISBN 9781908230287.
- ^ Amábile-Cuevas, Carlos F. (2007). Antimicrobial Resistance in Bacteria. Horizon Scientific Press. ISBN 9781904933243.
- ^ Courvalin P (January 2006). "Vancomycin resistance in gram-positive cocci". Clin. Infect. Dis. 42 Suppl 1: S25–34. doi:10.1086/491711. PMID 16323116.
- ^ Lu, Yichen; Essex, Max; Roberts, Bryan (2008-04-11). Emerging Infections in Asia. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 9780387757216.
- ^ "CDC - Laboratory Detection of VISA/VRSA - HAI". www.cdc.gov. Retrieved 2015-06-11.
- ^ "JCI - Mechanisms of vancomycin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus". www.jci.org. Retrieved 2015-06-11.
- ^ Cunha, Burke A. (2009-10-28). Infectious Diseases in Critical Care Medicine, Third Edition. CRC Press. ISBN 9781420092417.
- ^ Glycopeptides—Advances in Research and Application: 2013 Edition. ScholarlyEditions. 2013-06-21. ISBN 9781481688239.
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UpToDate Contents
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English Journal
- Susceptibility of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococci Clinical Isolates to Netilmicin and Other Antibiotics Commonly Used in Ophthalmic Therapy.
- Blanco AR, Sudano Roccaro A, Spoto CG, Papa V.SourceFrom Research & Development and.
- Current eye research.Curr Eye Res.2013 Aug;38(8):811-6. doi: 10.3109/02713683.2013.780624. Epub 2013 Mar 27.
- Abstract Purpose: The aim of this study was to test the activity of selected antimicrobial agents commonly used in the treatment of ocular infections against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis (MRSE) isolates. Methods: A total of 4
- PMID 23534928
- The role of the surface environment in healthcare-associated infections.
- Weber DJ, Anderson D, Rutala WA.SourceaDepartment of Hospital Epidemiology, University of North Carolina Healthcare bDivision of Infectious Diseases, UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill cDepartment of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
- Current opinion in infectious diseases.Curr Opin Infect Dis.2013 Aug;26(4):338-44. doi: 10.1097/QCO.0b013e3283630f04.
- PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This article reviews the evidence demonstrating the importance of contamination of hospital surfaces in the transmission of healthcare-associated pathogens and interventions scientifically demonstrated to reduce the levels of microbial contamination and decrease healthcare-associa
- PMID 23743816
- Preliminary data of the Surveillance of Surgical Site infections at Gaziantep University Hospital.
- Namıduru M, Karaoğlan I, Cam R, Boşnak VK, Mete AÖ.SourceGaziantep University Medical Faculty, Department of Infectious Diseases, Gaziantep, Turkey. Electronic address: mustafanamiduru@gmail.com.
- Journal of infection and public health.J Infect Public Health.2013 Aug;6(4):289-95. doi: 10.1016/j.jiph.2012.12.008. Epub 2013 Mar 30.
- Surgical site infection (SSI) is a major surgical complication that leads to mortality, morbidity and socioeconomic losses. The objective of this study is to determine the rate of SSIs, the pathogens involved in the infections and the associated antimicrobial sensitivity patterns in the surgical cli
- PMID 23806704
Japanese Journal
- Synthesis and in Vitro Evaluation of the Antitubercular and Antibacterial Activity of Novel Oxazolidinones Bearing Octahydrocyclopenta[c]pyrrol-2-yl Moieties
- , , , , , , , , , , , ,
- Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 62(12), 1214-1224, 2014
- … The resulting series of compounds were evaluated for in vitro antimicrobial activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis and a panel of clinically important resistant Gram-positive and -negative bacteria. …
- NAID 130004693782
- Binding Properties of Antimicrobial Agents to Lipid Membranes Using Surface Plasmon Resonance
- , , [他], , , ,
- Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 37(8), 1383-1389, 2014
- … On the other hand, vancomycin analogues showed interaction with the model lipid membranes in the SPR system. … The selective and specific binding characteristics of vancomycin analogues to the lipid membranes are discussed based on data for in vitro antibacterial activities and our data on the binding affinity of the D-alanyl-D-alanine terminus of a pentapeptide cell wall obtained by SPR. …
- NAID 130004677547
- Effect of vancomycin on the cytoplasmic membrane fatty acid profile of vancomycin-resistant and -susceptible isolates of Staphylococcus aureus
- MIRANI Zulfiqar Ali,JAMIL Nusrat
- Journal of infection and chemotherapy : official journal of the Japan Society of Chemotherapy 19(1), 24-33, 2013-02-01
- NAID 10031155815
Related Links
- The content on this page is being archived for historic and reference purposes only. The content, links, and pdfs are no longer maintained and might be ... Staphylococcus aureus Resistant to Vancomycin --- United ...
- Vancomycin [van−kō−mī−sin]-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus [staff−u−lu−kaw−kus aw−ree−us] (also called VISA) and Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (also called VRSA) are specific types of ...
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
バンコマイシン耐性黄色ブドウ球菌 vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
[★]
- 英
- vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus VRSA
[★]
バンコマイシン耐性黄色ブドウ球菌感染症
[★]
- 同
- 黄色ブドウ球菌
- 関
- ブドウ球菌
- first aid step1 2006 p.138
細菌学
毒素
感染症
転移性合併症
細菌学的同定法
毒原性因子
- α毒素
- コアグラーゼ：プロトロンビンに結合して、複合体のままトロンビン活性をを発揮させ、フィブリノゲンをフィブリンに変換する作用がある。
- スタフィロキナーゼ：プラスミノゲンと複合体を作り、プラスミン活性を発現させ、フィブリンを分解する
- プロテインA：IgGのFc部分に親和性を持ち抗体によるオプソニゼーションを阻害
- ロイコシジン：白血球を死滅させる
[★]
- 関
- recalcitrance、refractory、resist、resistance、resistive、stand、tolerance、tolerant、withstand
[★]
スタフィロコッカス属、ブドウ球菌
[★]
バンコマイシン VCM