substitution

　 　 　

WordNet

1. the act of putting one thing or person in the place of another: "he sent Smith in for Jones but the substitution came too late to help" (同)exchange, commutation
2. an event in which one thing is substituted for another; "the replacement of lost blood by a transfusion of donor blood" (同)permutation, transposition, replacement, switch
3. be a substitute; "The young teacher had to substitute for the sick colleague"; "The skim milk substitutes for cream--we are on a strict diet" (同)sub, stand in, fill_in
4. a person or thing that takes or can take the place of another (同)replacement
5. an athlete who plays only when a starter on the team is replaced (同)reserve, second-stringer
6. act as a substitute; "She stood in for the soprano who suffered from a cold" (同)deputize, deputise, step in
7. put in the place of another; switch seemingly equivalent items; "the con artist replaced the original with a fake Rembrandt"; "substitute regular milk with fat-free milk"; "synonyms can be interchanged without a changing the contexts meaning" (同)replace, interchange, exchange
8. put something back where it belongs; "replace the book on the shelf after you have finished reading it"; "please put the clean dishes back in the cabinet when you have washed them" (同)put back
9. substitute a person or thing for (another that is broken or inefficient or lost or no longer working or yielding what is expected); "He replaced the old razor blade"; "We need to replace the secretary that left a month ago"; "the insurance will replace the lost income"; "This antique vase can never be replaced"
10. cause to move, usually with force or pressure; "the refugees were displaced by the war"
11. terminate the employment of; discharge from an office or position; "The boss fired his secretary today"; "The company terminated 25% of its workers" (同)fire, give notice, can, dismiss, give_the_axe, send away, sack, force_out, give the sack, terminate
12. (chemistry) a reaction in which an elementary substance displaces and sets free a constituent element from a compound (同)displacement reaction
13. (psychiatry) a defense mechanism that transfers affect or reaction from the original object to some more acceptable one
14. to move something from its natural environment (同)deracination
15. act of removing from office or employment
16. pertaining to unconventional choices; "an alternative life style"
17. necessitating a choice between mutually exclusive possibilities; "alternative possibilities were neutrality or war"

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. (…の)『代用』,代理,置き換え《+for+名》
2. (…の)『代りをする人(物)』,補欠(選手など),代用品《+for+名》 / …‘を'(…の)『代りに用いる』《+名+for+名》 / (…の)『代りをする』《+for+名》
3. (…として)…‘に'『取って代わる』《+『名』+『as』+『名』》 / (…と)…‘を'取り替える《+『名』+『with』(『by』)+『名』》 / …‘を'元の所に置く,戻す
4. …‘に'とって代わる / (…から)〈人〉‘を'強制的に退去させる(移動させる,やめさせる)《+『名』+『from』+『名』》 / 〈船舶が〉…‘の'排水量を持つ
5. とって代わること,置き換え / 解職,罷免 / 排水量
6. (二つのうち)『どちらかを選ぶべき』,二者択一の / 代わりの / 反体制的な,現在の社会と違った価値体系を持った / 二つのものの一つを選ぶこと,二者択一 / (二者のうち)選ぶべき一方 / 代わりのもの;他にとりうる方法

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/11/14 00:59:39」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

Another disambiguation page is titled Substitute (disambiguation).

For substitution of a template on Wikipedia, see Wikipedia:Substitution

Substitution may refer to:

Science and mathematics

• Substitution (algebra), replacing occurrences of some symbol by a given value
• Substitution reaction, where a functional group in a chemical compound is replaced by another group
• Substitution (logic), a syntactic transformation on strings of symbols of a formal language
• Substitution cipher, a method of encryption
• String substitution, a mapping of letters in an alphabet to languages
• Substitution method, a method of measuring the transmission loss of a fibre
• Base-pair substitution or point mutation, a type of mutation
• Substitution, a process in which an allele arises and undergoes fixation

Other uses

• Substitution (law), the replacement of a judge
• Substitution (poetry), a variation in poetic scansion
• "Substitution" (song), a 2009 song by Silversun Pickups
• Substitution (sport), where a sports team is able to change one player for another during a match
• Substitution (theatre), an acting methodology
• Substitution (economics), switching between alternative consumable goods as their relative prices change

See also

• Substitute (disambiguation)
• Integration by substitution, a method for finding antiderivatives and integrals
• Substitution therapy or opiate replacement therapy
• Penal substitution, a theory of the atonement within Christian theology
• Chord substitution, the use of a chord in the place of another related chord
• Import substitution industrialization, a trade and economic policy
• Simultaneous substitution, a practice requiring Canadian television distribution companies to substitute a non-local station signal with the local signal

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

• 1. 成人におけるてんかんのマネージメントの概要 overview of the management of epilepsy in adults
• 2. 甲状腺機能低下症の治療 treatment of hypothyroidism
• 3. 妊娠時のブプレノルフィン補充療法 buprenorphine substitution therapy in pregnancy
• 4. 乾癬性若年性特発性関節炎：管理および予後 psoriatic juvenile idiopathic arthritis management and prognosis
• 5. 抗レトロウイルス剤投与患者における悪性腫瘍に対する全身療法 systemic therapy for malignancy in patients on anti retroviral medications

English Journal

• Two sides of the safety coin?: How patient engagement and safety climate jointly affect error occurrence in hospital units.

• Schiffinger M1, Latzke M, Steyrer J.
• Health care management review.Health Care Manage Rev.2016 Aug 6. [Epub ahead of print]
• BACKGROUND: Safety climate (SC) and more recently patient engagement (PE) have been identified as potential determinants of patient safety, but conceptual and empirical studies combining both are lacking.PURPOSES: On the basis of extant theories and concepts in safety research, this study investigat
• PMID 26259022

• Altering the phenolics profile of a green tea leaves extract using exogenous oxidases.

• Verloop AJ1, Gruppen H1, Bisschop R1, Vincken JP2.
• Food chemistry.Food Chem.2016 Apr 1;196:1197-206. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.10.068. Epub 2015 Oct 23.
• Transformation from green tea leaves into black tea involves oxidation of catechins into theaflavins and other complex phenolics by endogenous enzymes in tea leaves. By employing tyrosinase and laccase, both from Agaricus bisporus, on green tea catechins, the oxidation process was directed towards a
• PMID 26593607

• Physico-chemical changes during storage and sensory acceptance of low sodium probiotic Minas cheese added with arginine.

• Felicio TL1, Esmerino EA2, Vidal VA2, Cappato LP3, Garcia RK2, Cavalcanti RN2, Freitas MQ4, Conte Junior CA4, Padilha MC5, Silva MC1, Raices RS1, Arellano DB2, Bollini HM2, Pollonio MA2, Cruz AG6.
• Food chemistry.Food Chem.2016 Apr 1;196:628-37. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.09.102. Epub 2015 Sep 30.
• The partial substitution of sodium chloride by potassium chloride (0%, 25%, and 50%) and addition of arginine (1% w/w) in probiotic Minas cheese was investigated. Microbiological (Lactococcus lactis and Lactobacillus acidophilus counts, and functionality of the prebiotics L. acidophilus), physicoche
• PMID 26593536

• Evaluation of protein structural changes and water mobility in chicken liver paste batters prepared with plant oil substituting pork back-fat combined with pre-emulsification.

• Xiong G1, Han M2, Kang Z2, Zhao Y2, Xu X3, Zhu Y2.
• Food chemistry.Food Chem.2016 Apr 1;196:388-95. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.09.068. Epub 2015 Sep 25.
• Protein structural changes and water mobility properties in chicken liver paste batters prepared with plant oil (sunflower and canola oil combinations) substituting 0-40% pork back-fat combined with pre-emulsification were studied by Raman spectroscopy and low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR).
• PMID 26593506

Japanese Journal

• 近世期における「正成の妻」像の変容

• 李 忠澔,LEE Chung-Ho
• 総研大文化科学研究 = Sokendai review of cultural and social studies (8), 27-42, 2012-03-30
• … This substitution for the extensive description of Masashige’s wife in the Taiheiki is seen as an example of the relegation of the existence of females to secondary position when the main subject is war talk.In contrast to the Rijinshō, the wife of Masashige appeared for the purpose of edification in the lesson books of the early Edo period addressed to women. …
• NAID 120003945264

• 日系食料農業企業による海外進出およびTPP参加の日本農業への影響 : 多地域動学的CGE モデルの適用による接近

• 加賀爪 優,田和 昌洋
• 生物資源経済研究 17, 127-165, 2012-03-22
• … For this purpose, several scenarios, such as combination of tariff abolishment reflecting the possible TPP admission and enhancement in elasticity of substitution based on the increase of FDI in food and agricultural sector, are assumed. …
• NAID 120003988230

• 〈Original Papers〉マウス体外成熟由来2細胞期胚を用いた冷蔵輸送・保存方法の検討

• 西村 愛美,中牟田 裕子,福本 紀代子,近藤 朋子,春口 幸恵,竹下 由美,土山 修治,石川 裕子,石束 祐太,細井 美彦,三谷 匡,竹尾 透,中潟 直己,安齋 政幸
• Memoirs of the Faculty of Biology-Oriented Science and Technology of Kinki University (29), 33-41, 2012-3
• … [Abstract] We developed transport and preservation at cool temperature of early embryo for substitution of traditional vitrification technique to establish preservation and transport method of Bio Resource as for gamete. …
• NAID 120004009249

Related Links

• substitutionの意味 - 英和辞書 - 英語辞書 - goo辞書

substitutionとは。意味や和訳。[名]1 [U]代理，代用；取り替え；《化学》置換the substitution of a professional army for the draft徴募兵に代えて職業的軍隊を置くことsubstitution effect《経済(学)》（価格の変化による財の間の）代替効果 ...

• substitution (@substitution) | Twitter - Welcome to Twitter ...

The latest Tweets from substitution (@substitution). 猫・ネコ・ぬこ… その文字の羅列に、言葉の響きに、ただそれだけで萌えてしまうエア下僕。空を見上げれば宇宙の彼方に想いを馳せ、タワレコの試聴機を気付いたら2時間くらい巡って ...

• substitute - Dictionary.com | Find the Meanings and ...

late 14c., "appointment of a subordinate or successor," from Middle French substitution, from Late Latin substitutionem (nominative substitutio) "a putting in place of another," from past participle stem of Latin substituere "put in place ...

Related Pictures

---

★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「replace」「displace」「substitute」「replacement」「置換」
拡張検索	「amino acid substitution」「single nucleotide substitution」

「replace」

　　[★]

• vt.

• ～に取って代わる、～と交替する、～の後任になる。取り替える、入れ替える、交換する(by,with)
• もとのところに置く、戻す。返済する。復職/復位させる

replace fluid 水分を補う

関

displace, displacement, exchange, interchange, replacement, substitute, substitution, substitutional, swap

　 　 　

「displace」

　　[★]

• vt.

• ～を置き換える、写す、動かす(from)。骨を外す
• (追い払って)～に取って代わる、～と入れ替わる
• (人)を(役職から)解職する(from)
• (人)を(家・国家から)強制退去させる、追放する(from)

関

displacement、replace、replacement、substitute、substitution、substitutional

　 　 　

「substitute」

　　[★]

• v.

• 置換する、代わる、

• n.

• 代理、代わり

• adj.

• 代理の

関

alternatively、displace、displacement、in place of、instead、proxy、replace、replacement、substitution、substitutional、surrogate

　 　 　 　 　 　

「replacement」

　　[★]

• n.

• 置き換え、交換。代わりの人/もの(for)

• 元へ戻すこと、返還。復職、復位

関

alternate、change、displace、displacement、exchange、interchange、replace、shift、substitute、substitution、substitutional、swap

　 　

「置換」

　　[★]

英

substitution、displacement、replacement、substitute、displace、replace、substitutional

関

代わり、代わる、交換、交替、代替、代理、置換術、転置

• $t_target = mb_ereg_replace( ", " , "]]、[[" , $t_target )

「amino acid substitution」

　　[★]

• アミノ酸置換

関

amino acid replacement

「single nucleotide substitution」

　　[★]

• 一塩基置換

関

single base substitution