WordNet

supply with information on a specific topic; "He filled me in on the latest developments"
appoint someone to (a position or a job)
a quantity sufficient to satisfy; "he ate his fill of potatoes"; "she had heard her fill of gossip"
plug with a substance; "fill a cavity"
become full; "The pool slowly filled with water"; "The theater filled up slowly" (同)fill_up
make full, also in a metaphorical sense; "fill a container"; "fill the child with pride" (同)fill_up, make full
assume, as of positions or roles; "She took the job as director of development"; "he occupies the position of manager"; "the young prince will soon occupy the throne" (同)take, occupy
holding office; "the in party"
to or toward the inside of; "come in"; "smash in the door" (同)inwards, inward
currently fashionable; "the in thing to do"; "large shoulder pads are in"
directed or bound inward; "took the in bus"; "the in basket"
any material that fills a space or container; "there was not enough fill for the trench" (同)fill
flow into something (as a container)
(dentistry) a dental appliance consisting of any of various substances (as metal or plastic) inserted into a prepared cavity in a tooth; "when he yawned I could see the gold fillings in his teeth"; "an informal British term for `filling is `stopping"
the act of filling something
a food mixture used to fill pastry or sandwiches etc.
preservation and methodical arrangement as of documents and papers etc.; "I have some filing to do"
the act of using a file (as in shaping or smoothing an object)
a fragment rubbed off by the use of a file
the entering of a legal document into the public record; "he filed a complaint"; "he filed his tax return"
of purchase orders that have been filled
(of time) taken up; "well-filled hours"
(usually followed by `with or used as a combining form) generously supplied with; "theirs was a house filled with laughter"; "a large hall filled with rows of desks"; "fog-filled air"

PrepTutorEJDIC

埋め合わせ,代用品;補充員
〈容器など〉‘を'『いっぱいにする』,満たす,‘に'つぐ / 〈人・物が〉〈場所・空間〉‘を'『占める』,いっぱいにする / (…で)…‘を'満たす,埋める,ふさぐ《+『名』+『with』+『名』》 / 〈人の要求など〉‘を'満たす,かなえる / 〈注文〉‘に'応じる;〈処方箋〉‘を'調剤する / 〈地位〉‘を'占める;〈職務〉‘を'果たす / (…で)『いっぱいになる』,満る《+『with』+『名』》 / 《ones fill》欲しいだけ,存分 / 《a fill》(…の)1杯の量《+『of』+『名』》 / 〈C〉盛り土(石)
《具体的な場所,位置》 / …『の中に』(『で』) / …『において』,…で / 《intoの代りに移動を表す動詞と共に》…『の中へ』 / (乗り物)『に乗って』 / …『の状熊に』(『で』) / …『に従事して』,に属して / …『を身につけて』,に覆われて / 《『in』do『ing』の形で》…『するときに』,する際に(when) / 《時間》 / …『して』,…『が経過したあと』 / …『の間に』 / …『については』,…の点では / 《方法・手段・材料》…『で』 / 《人を目的語にして,性質・能力があることを示して》…の中に / …の目的で,のつもりで,として / 《比率割合》…のうちで,につき / 《過去分詞に伴って》…に[…されて] / 『中へ』(に) / 『在宅して』,帰って / (乗り物などが)『到着して』,(時期・季節が)来て / 出回って,流行して / 《俗》流行の,当世風の / 《話》特定の人々にのみ理解される
(歯の)詰め物,充填材 / 詰め物をした食物(パイ,サンドイッチなど)
とじ込み,書類整理
〈U〉やすり仕上げ,やすりかけ / 《復数形で》やすりくず

UpToDate Contents

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1. 小児における慢性腹膜透析 chronic peritoneal dialysis in children
2. 腹膜透析患者における循環血液量過多の評価 evaluation of hypervolemia in peritoneal dialysis patients
3. 成人における扁桃摘出：適応 tonsillectomy in adults indications
4. 産後出血を制御するための子宮内バルーンタンポナーデ intrauterine balloon tamponade for control of postpartum hemorrhage
5. SCIT：治療用アレルゲンエキスの調製 scit preparation of allergen extracts for therapeutic use

English Journal

The persian version of the chronic urticaria quality of life questionnaire: factor analysis, validation, and initial clinical findings.

Tavakol M1, Mohammadinejad P2, Baiardini I3, Braido F3, Gharagozlou M4, Aghamohammadi A5, Nabavi M6, Dabbaghzade A4, Tavakol Z7, Afarideh M2, Rezaei N8.Author information 1Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. marzieh.tavakol@yahoo.com.2Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. tavakol_m@razi.tums.ac.ir.3Allergy and Respiratory Diseases Clinic, DIMI, University of Genoa, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genova, Italy. tavakol_m@razi.tums.ac.ir.4Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. tavakol_m@razi.tums.ac.ir.5Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran and Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. tavakol_m@razi.tums.ac.ir.6Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Rasool-e-Akram Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. tavakol_m@razi.tums.ac.ir.7Student ResearchCommittee,Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. tavakol_m@razi.tums.ac.ir.8Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran and Molecular Immunology Research Center, Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. tavakol_m@razi.tums.ac.ir.AbstractChronic urticaria (CU) also known as chronic idiopathic urticaria results in a lowered quality of life (QoL). Disease specific questionnaires are necessary to assess QoL in CU patients. Chronic Urticaria Quality of Life Questionnaire (CU-Q2oL) is the only available and validated disease specific questionnaire in the assessment of QoL in CU patients originally developed in Italian language. The aim of the current study was to develop the Persian version of the CU-Q2oL with an acceptable reliability and validity.Using the standard methods provided by guidelines, CU-Q2oL was translated into Persian. A total number of 110 patients with confirmed diagnosis of CU were asked to fill the questionnaire. Determination of scales was performed in addition to checking the data for internal consistency and known group validity. Urticaria activity score 7 (UAS7) was used to assess the severity of the CU in the population study. The 6 dimensional scale of Persian CU-Q2oL was determined using the Exploratory Factor Analysis. About 68% of the variance was explained by these 6 factor structure higher than 59.9% of the original Italian version.All 6 factors showed acceptable internal consistency as measured by Cronbach α coefficient. There was a significant correlation between UAS7 and total CU-Q2oL score. UAS7 and the presence of angioedema were predictors of CU-Q2oL score.The Persian version of CU-Q2oL was shown to be a valid and reliable tool to be used in the future clinical studies. Cultural considerations must be kept in mind in adoption of CU-Q2oL to other languages.
Iranian journal of allergy, asthma, and immunology.Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol.2014 Aug;13(4):278-85.
Chronic urticaria (CU) also known as chronic idiopathic urticaria results in a lowered quality of life (QoL). Disease specific questionnaires are necessary to assess QoL in CU patients. Chronic Urticaria Quality of Life Questionnaire (CU-Q2oL) is the only available and validated disease specific que
PMID 24659164

Using Failure Mode and Effects Analysis to design a comfortable automotive driver seat.

Kolich M.Author information Ford Motor Company, Product Development Center, 20901 Oakwood Blvd, Dearborn, 48124 MI, USA. Electronic address: mkolich1@ford.com.AbstractGiven enough time and use, all designs will fail. There are no fail-free designs. This is especially true when it comes to automotive seating comfort where the characteristics and preferences of individual customers are many and varied. To address this problem, individuals charged with automotive seating comfort development have, traditionally, relied on iterative and, as a result, expensive build-test cycles. Cost pressures being placed on today's vehicle manufacturers have necessitated the search for more efficient alternatives. This contribution aims to fill this need by proposing the application of an analytical technique common to engineering circles (but new to seating comfort development), namely Design Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (DFMEA). An example is offered to describe how development teams can use this systematic and disciplined approach to highlight potential seating comfort failure modes, reduce their risk, and bring capable designs to life.
Applied ergonomics.Appl Ergon.2014 Jul;45(4):1087-96. doi: 10.1016/j.apergo.2014.01.007. Epub 2014 Feb 14.
Given enough time and use, all designs will fail. There are no fail-free designs. This is especially true when it comes to automotive seating comfort where the characteristics and preferences of individual customers are many and varied. To address this problem, individuals charged with automotive se
PMID 24529532

A facile and rapid process to fabricate platinum counter electrode in dye-sensitized solar cell using nanosecond pulsed laser sintering at room temperature.

Kang TY, Yoo K, Lee JA, Lee W, Kim K, Lee DK, Kim H, Ko MJ.AbstractTo fabricate the platinum (Pt) counter electrode in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), rapid and low sintering process was carried out using nanosecond pulsed laser sintering (LS) method based on third harmonic (355 nm) of an Nd:YAG laser at room temperature. The surface morphology of LS-Pt on fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) electrode showed thin and compact structure, consisting of particles size of - 10-30 nm and thickness of below 30 nm. The DSSCs with the LS-Pt/FTO counter electrodes displayed the power conversion efficiency of 4.4% with short-circuit current = 9.07 mA/cm2, open-circuit voltage = 0.79 V and fill factor = 61.3.
Journal of nanoscience and nanotechnology.J Nanosci Nanotechnol.2014 Jul;14(7):5309-12.
To fabricate the platinum (Pt) counter electrode in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), rapid and low sintering process was carried out using nanosecond pulsed laser sintering (LS) method based on third harmonic (355 nm) of an Nd:YAG laser at room temperature. The surface morphology of LS-Pt on fluo
PMID 24758023

Japanese Journal

Impacts of urbanization on national residential energy use and CO2 emissions : Evidence from low-, middle- and high-income countries

Poumanyvong Phetkeo,Kaneko Shinji,カネコシンジ,金子慎治,Dhakal Shobhakar
IDEC DP2 Series 2(5), 1-35, 2012-01
… This paper attempts to fill this knowledge gap by examining the influence of urbanization on national residential energy use and emissions in low-, middle- and high-income countries. …
NAID 120003726152

Financing Emissions Reduction in Asia : Policy Options and Constraints

Cooray Nawalage S.,Wijesekere Gamini
Economics & management series EMS-2012-02, 2012-01
… Climate change due to emissions from fast growing developing economies of Asia issounding an alarm bell for policymakers not only in Asia, but also in the world. … Increased public and private financial resources are necessary to fill the gap between the`business as usual' and low carbon emission scenarios, to work out possible solutions and addressing the capacity barriers, which may exist at different levels. …
NAID 110008755997