in place of

• 代わりに

関

alternatively、instead、substitute

WordNet

1. be a substitute; "The young teacher had to substitute for the sick colleague"; "The skim milk substitutes for cream--we are on a strict diet" (同)sub, stand in, fill_in
2. a person or thing that takes or can take the place of another (同)replacement
3. an athlete who plays only when a starter on the team is replaced (同)reserve, second-stringer
4. act as a substitute; "She stood in for the soprano who suffered from a cold" (同)deputize, deputise, step in
5. put in the place of another; switch seemingly equivalent items; "the con artist replaced the original with a fake Rembrandt"; "substitute regular milk with fat-free milk"; "synonyms can be interchanged without a changing the contexts meaning" (同)replace, interchange, exchange
6. in place of, or as an alternative to; "Felix became a herpetologist instead"; "alternatively we could buy a used car" (同)instead, or else
7. to arrange for; "place a phone call"; "place a bet"
8. a particular situation; "If you were in my place what would you do?" (同)shoes
9. proper or designated social situation; "he overstepped his place"; "the responsibilities of a man in his station"; "married above her station" (同)station
10. proper or appropriate position or location; "a womans place is no longer in the kitchen"
11. an item on a list or in a sequence; "in the second place"; "moved from third to fifth position" (同)position
12. any area set aside for a particular purpose; "who owns this place?"; "the president was concerned about the property across from the White House" (同)property
13. a general vicinity; "He comes from a place near Chicago"
14. an abstract mental location; "he has a special place in my thoughts"; "a place in my heart"; "a political system with no place for the less prominent groups"
15. the passage that is being read; "he lost his place on the page"
16. take a place in a competition; often followed by an ordinal; "Jerry came in third in the Marathon" (同)come_in, come_out
17. identify the location or place of; "We localized the source of the infection" (同)localize, localise
18. estimate; "We put the time of arrival at 8 P.M." (同)put, set
19. assign to (a job or a home)
20. finish second or better in a horse or dog race; "he bet $2 on number six to place"
21. place somebody in a particular situation or location; "he was placed on probation"
22. sing a note with the correct pitch
23. holding office; "the in party"
24. to or toward the inside of; "come in"; "smash in the door" (同)inwards, inward
25. currently fashionable; "the in thing to do"; "large shoulder pads are in"
26. directed or bound inward; "took the in bus"; "the in basket"
27. put in position in relation to other things; "end tables placed conveniently"

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. (…の)『代りをする人(物)』,補欠(選手など),代用品《+for+名》 / …‘を'(…の)『代りに用いる』《+名+for+名》 / (…の)『代りをする』《+for+名》
2. 『その代りとして』,それよりも
3. 〈C〉『場所』,『位置』;(物の占める)空間 / 〈C〉『地域』,地方,土地 / 〈C〉(特定の目的のための)『場所』,建物 / 〈C〉《話》住居,家 / 〈C〉(体や物などの表面の)箇所,局部 / 〈C〉(書物中の)読んでいる家所 / 〈C〉席,座席 / 〈C〉『地位』,立場,境遇 / 〈C〉『職』,勤め口;(職場・学校などの)席,定員 / 〈C〉任務,役目 / 〈C〉(説明などの)順序,段階 / 〈C〉《米》(競馬などで)第2着 / 《多く固有名詞に用いて,P-》通り,広小路;広場 / 〈C〉(数字の)けた,位(くらい) / 《場所を表す副詞[句]を伴って》…‘を'『置く』,配置する,据える / (職,地位に)〈人〉‘を'つかせる,任ずる,〈人〉‘に'(…の)職を見つけてやる《+『名』+『in』(『as, with』)+『名』》 / (人・物に)〈信頼・希望など〉‘を'置く,かける《+『名』+『on』(『in』)+『名』》 / (店などに)(…の)〈注文〉‘を'出す《+『名』〈注文〉+『for』+『名』〈品物〉+『with』+『名』〈店〉》 / (…だと)…‘を'見きわめる,思い出す《+『名』+『as』+『名』》 / 《順位を示す副詞を伴って》(競争などで)…位(着)になる
4. 《具体的な場所,位置》 / …『の中に』(『で』) / …『において』,…で / 《intoの代りに移動を表す動詞と共に》…『の中へ』 / (乗り物)『に乗って』 / …『の状熊に』(『で』) / …『に従事して』,に属して / …『を身につけて』,に覆われて / 《『in』do『ing』の形で》…『するときに』,する際に(when) / 《時間》 / …『して』,…『が経過したあと』 / …『の間に』 / …『については』,…の点では / 《方法・手段・材料》…『で』 / 《人を目的語にして,性質・能力があることを示して》…の中に / …の目的で,のつもりで,として / 《比率割合》…のうちで,につき / 《過去分詞に伴って》…に[…されて] / 『中へ』(に) / 『在宅して』,帰って / (乗り物などが)『到着して』,(時期・季節が)来て / 出回って,流行して / 《俗》流行の,当世風の / 《話》特定の人々にのみ理解される
5. 《所有・所属》…『の』,…のものである,…に属する・《材料・要素》…『でできた』,から成る・《部分》…『の』[『中の』] ・《数量・単位・種類を表す名詞に付いて》…の・《原因・動機》…『で』,のために(because of) ・《主格関係》…『の』,による,によって・《目的格関係》…『を』,の・《同格関係》…『という』・《関係・関連》…『についての』[『の』],の点で・《抽象名詞などと共に》…の[性質をもつ] ・《『It is』+『形』+『of』+『名』+『to』 doの形で,ofの後の名詞を意味上の主語として》・《分離》…『から』・《起原・出所》…『から』[『の』](out of) ・《『名』+『of』+『a』(『an』)+『名』の形で》…のような・《『名』+『of』+『mine』(『yours, his』など独立所有格)の形で》…の…・《時》(1)《副詞句を作って》…に《形容詞句を作って》…の・《時刻》《米》…前(to,《米》before)
6. 《英》《補語のみに用いて》(競馬などで)3着までに入賞する
7. indiumの化学記号

UpToDate Contents

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English Journal

• Efficacy of cetuximab in the treatment of squamous cell carcinoma.

• Preneau S, Rio E, Brocard A, Peuvrel L, Nguyen JM, Quéreux G, Dreno B.Author information Department of Dermato-Cancerology, Nantes University Hospital , 1 place Alexis Ricordeau, 44000 Nantes, France CIC biothérapie, INSERM 0305, 44000 Nantes , France.AbstractBackground: Cutaneous squamous cell carcinomas (CSCC) are very common. Localized CSCC are cured by surgery and/or radiotherapy and have a better prognosis than locally inoperable advanced CSCC. Cetuximab has recently been proposed to treat locally advanced CSCC when surgery or radiotherapy cannot be offered. Objective: The authors report results of a pilot study conducted in inoperable CSCC patients treated with cetuximab alone or combined with chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Material and methods: This study was conducted in 20 CSCC patients. RECIST criteria were used to evaluate clinical and radiological responses. Results: Five patients received cetuximab associated with radiotherapy (CR), nine with carboplatin (CC) and six as monotherapy (CM) over 1-month cycle treatment. Response to treatment was evaluated every two cycles. After 2 months of treatment, the authors observed nine partial responses, six stabilizations and four progressions. Disease control rate was of 78% (100% for CR, 87.5% for CC and 50% for CM) with a 47% response rate (80% for CR, 37.5% for CC and 33% for CM). Conclusion: The authors confirm the potential interest of cetuximab to treat unresectable advanced CSCC alone or combined with CC and CM. These results justify discussing a further randomized study combining radiotherapy and cetuximab.
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• PMID 23167307

• Impact of dietary cadmium sulphide nanoparticles on Danio rerio zebrafish at very low contamination pressure.

• Ladhar C, Geffroy B, Cambier S, Treguer-Delapierre M, Durand E, Brèthes D, Bourdineaud JP.Author information University of Bordeaux, CNRS, UMR 5805, Arcachon Marine Station , Place du Dr Peyneau, 33120 Arcachon , France.AbstractAbstract To address the impact of cadmium sulphide nanoparticles (CdSNPs) of two different sizes (8 and 50 nm), Danio rerio zebrafish were dietary exposed to very low doses: 100 or 40 ng CdSNPs/day/g body weight for 36 or 60 days, respectively. The results obtained using RAPD-PCR genotoxicity test showed genomic alteration since the number of hybridisation sites of the RAPD probes was significantly modified after CdSNPs exposure. In addition, selected stress response genes were either repressed or upregulated in tissues of CdSNPs-exposed fish. Mitochondrial dysfunction was also caused by the presence of CdSNPs in food. Cadmium accumulation in fish tissues (brain and muscles) could only be observed after 60 days of exposure. CdSNPs toxicity was dependent on their size and concentration.
• Nanotoxicology.Nanotoxicology.2014 Sep;8:676-85. doi: 10.3109/17435390.2013.822116. Epub 2013 Jul 25.
• Abstract To address the impact of cadmium sulphide nanoparticles (CdSNPs) of two different sizes (8 and 50 nm), Danio rerio zebrafish were dietary exposed to very low doses: 100 or 40 ng CdSNPs/day/g body weight for 36 or 60 days, respectively. The results obtained using RAPD-PCR genotoxicity test s
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• Principal volatile odorants and dynamics of their formation during the production of May Bryndza cheese.

• Sádecká J1, Kolek E1, Pangallo D2, Valík L3, Kuchta T4.Author information 1Food Research Institute, Priemyselná 4, P.O. Box 25, 824 75 Bratislava 26, Slovakia.2Institute of Molecular Biology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 21, 845 51 Bratislava, Slovakia.3Department of Nutrition and Food Quality Assessment, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia.4Food Research Institute, Priemyselná 4, P.O. Box 25, 824 75 Bratislava 26, Slovakia. Electronic address: kuchta@vup.sk.AbstractVolatile aroma compounds were investigated along the production of May Bryndza cheese, a traditional Slovakian cheese produced from raw ewes' milk. Solid phase microextraction was used to isolate the volatile fractions, which were subsequently analysed by gas chromatography-olfactometry and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Twenty-seven key odorants were found and described in the intermediate product, ewes' curd ripened for 0, 1, 2, 4, and 8days, or in the final product. A major overall increase in the number of aroma-active volatile compounds and in their odour intensity or concentration took place during the first day of ripening of the ewes' curd, and the odour gradually culminated at the end of ripening. During the final technological step of Bryndza cheese production, when the ewes' curd ripened for 10days is decrusted, pressed and milled with NaCl solution, 8 aroma-active volatile compounds disappeared.
• Food chemistry.Food Chem.2014 May 1;150:301-6. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.10.163. Epub 2013 Nov 9.
• Volatile aroma compounds were investigated along the production of May Bryndza cheese, a traditional Slovakian cheese produced from raw ewes' milk. Solid phase microextraction was used to isolate the volatile fractions, which were subsequently analysed by gas chromatography-olfactometry and gas chro
• PMID 24360454

Japanese Journal

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Related Pictures

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「substitute」「代わり」「alternatively」「instead」
関連記事	「place」「In」

「substitute」

　　[★]

• v.

• 置換する、代わる、

• n.

• 代理、代わり

• adj.

• 代理の

関

alternatively、displace、displacement、in place of、instead、proxy、replace、replacement、substitution、substitutional、surrogate

　 　 　 　 　 　

「代わり」

　　[★]

英

substitute、instead、alternatively、in place of

関

オルターナティブ、代わる、代理、置換、二者択一

「alternatively」

　　[★]

• adv.

• 代わりに、二者択一に、オルターナティブに

関

alternative、in place of、instead、substitute

　

「instead」

　　[★]

• adj.

• 代わりに

関

alternatively、in place of、substitute

　

「place」

　　[★]

• n.

• 場所、置く

• v.

• 配置する、設置する

関

arrange、arrangement、configuration、deploy、deployment、disposal、disposition、install、installation、lie、placement、put、site、topo

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　

「In」

　　[★] インジウム indium