reduced pressure

• 減圧

関

hypobaric、vacuum

WordNet

1. clean with a vacuum cleaner; "vacuum the carpets" (同)vacuum-clean, hoover
2. the absence of matter (同)vacuity
3. an electrical home appliance that cleans by suction (同)vacuum_cleaner
4. a region that is devoid of matter (同)vacuity
5. undergo meiosis; "The cells reduce"
6. cook until very little liquid is left; "The cook reduced the sauce by boiling it for a long time" (同)boil_down, concentrate
7. be the essential element; "The proposal boils down to a compromise" (同)come_down, boil_down
8. take off weight (同)melt off, lose weight, slim, slenderize, thin, slim down
9. make smaller; "reduce an image" (同)scale_down
10. narrow or limit; "reduce the influx of foreigners" (同)tighten
11. make less complex; "reduce a problem to a single question"
12. cut down on; make a reduction in; "reduce your daily fat intake"; "The employer wants to cut back health benefits" (同)cut_down, cut_back, trim, trim down, trim back, cut, bring_down
13. bring to humbler or weaker state or condition; "He reduced the population to slavery"
14. destress and thus weaken a sound when pronouncing it
15. lessen and make more modest; "reduce ones standard of living"
16. lower in grade or rank or force somebody into an undignified situation; "She reduced her niece to a servant"
17. reposition (a broken bone after surgery) back to its normal site
18. simplify the form of a mathematical equation of expression by substituting one term for another
19. the force applied to a unit area of surface; measured in pascals (SI unit) or in dynes (cgs unit); "the compressed gas exerts an increased pressure" (同)pressure level, force per unit area
20. an oppressive condition of physical or mental or social or economic distress
21. the somatic sensation that results from applying force to an area of skin; "the sensitivity of his skin to pressure and temperature was normal" (同)pressure_sensation
22. a force that compels; "the public brought pressure to bear on the government"
23. well below normal (especially in price) (同)rock-bottom

PrepTutorEJDIC

1. 真空 / 《単数形で》‘空虚',‘空所',空白 / (現実から隔離された)孤立状態 / 《米》=vacuum cleaner / ‘…を'電気そうじ機でそうじする / 電気掃除機をかける
2. (あるところまで)〈数量など〉‘を'『減らす』,小さくする;〈程度・地位など〉‘を'『下げる』《+『名』+『to』+『名』》 / 《しばしば受動態で》(ある状態・形に)…‘を'『する,』変える,至らせる《+『名』+『to』+『名』(do『ing』)》 / (単純な要素・部分に)…‘を'分解する,還元する《+『名』+『to』+『名』》 / …‘を'(…に)換算する,約分する《+『名』+『to』+『名』》 / 《話》〈人が〉減量する / 〈数量などが〉減る;〈程度・位などが〉下がる
3. 〈U〉『押すこと』,『押しつけること』,圧搾,圧縮;〈C〉〈U〉『圧力』,圧力の強さ / 〈U〉『圧迫』,『強制』 / 〈U〉(不快な)圧迫感 / 〈C〉〈U〉(精神的な)重荷,苦脳;(時間・金銭的)切迫 / 〈U〉多忙,あわただしさ / 《おもに米》…‘に'圧力をかける,強制する(《英》pressurise)

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/12/22 23:42:02」(JST)

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Thermodynamics
The classical Carnot heat engine
Branches Classical Statistical Chemical Equilibrium / Non-equilibrium
Laws Zeroth First Second Third
Systems State Equation of state Ideal gas Real gas State of matter Equilibrium Control volume Instruments Processes Isobaric Isochoric Isothermal Adiabatic Isentropic Isenthalpic Quasistatic Polytropic Free expansion Reversibility Irreversibility Endoreversibility Cycles Heat engines Heat pumps Thermal efficiency
System properties Note: Conjugate variables in italics Property diagrams Intensive and extensive properties Functions of state Temperature / Entropy (introduction) Pressure / Volume Chemical potential / Particle number Vapor quality Reduced properties Process functions Work Heat
Material properties Property databases Specific heat capacity  Compressibility  Thermal expansion
Equations Carnot's theorem Clausius theorem Fundamental relation Ideal gas law Maxwell relations Onsager reciprocal relations Bridgman's equations Table of thermodynamic equations
Potentials Free energy Free entropy Internal energy Enthalpy Helmholtz free energy Gibbs free energy
History Culture History General Heat Entropy Gas laws "Perpetual motion" machines Philosophy Entropy and time Entropy and life Brownian ratchet Maxwell's demon Heat death paradox Loschmidt's paradox Synergetics Theories Caloric theory Theory of heat Vis viva ("living force") Mechanical equivalent of heat Motive power Key publications "An Experimental Enquiry Concerning ... Heat" "On the Equilibrium of Heterogeneous Substances" "Reflections on the Motive Power of Fire" Timelines Thermodynamics Heat engines Art Education Maxwell's thermodynamic surface Entropy as energy dispersal
Scientists Bernoulli Carnot Clapeyron Clausius Carathéodory Duhem Gibbs von Helmholtz Joule Maxwell von Mayer Onsager Rankine Smeaton Stahl Thompson Thomson Waterston
Book:Thermodynamics

In thermodynamics, the reduced properties of a fluid are a set of state variables normalized by the fluid's state properties at its critical point. These dimensionless thermodynamic coordinates, taken together with a substance's compressibility factor, provide the basis for the simplest form of the theorem of corresponding states.

Reduced properties are also used to define the Peng–Robinson equation of state, a model designed to provide reasonable accuracy near the critical point. They are also used to critical exponents, which describe the behaviour of physical quantities near continuous phase transitions.

Reduced pressure

The reduced pressure is defined as its actual pressure divided by its critical pressure :

Reduced temperature

The reduced temperature of a fluid is its actual temperature, divided by its critical temperature:

where the actual temperature and critical temperature are expressed in absolute temperature scales (either Kelvin or Rankine). Both the reduced temperature and the reduced pressure are often used in thermodynamical formulas like the Peng–Robinson equation of state.

Reduced specific volume

The reduced specific volume (or "pseudo-reduced specific volume") of a fluid is computed from the ideal gas law at the substance's critical pressure and temperature:

This property is useful when the specific volume and either temperature or pressure are known, in which case the missing third property can be computed directly.

See also

• Departure function

References

UpToDate Contents

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• 1. 脈圧の上昇 increased pulse pressure
• 2. 褥瘡の予防 prevention of pressure ulcers
• 3. 小児における頭蓋内圧亢進（ICP） elevated intracranial pressure icp in children
• 4. 高血圧治療における目標血圧 what is goal blood pressure in the treatment of hypertension
• 5. 新生児における機械的人工換気 mechanical ventilation in neonates

English Journal

• The occlusion tests and end-expiratory esophageal pressure: measurements and comparison in controlled and assisted ventilation.

• Chiumello D1,2, Consonni D3, Coppola S4,5, Froio S6,7, Crimella F8, Colombo A9.
• Annals of intensive care.Ann Intensive Care.2016 Dec;6(1):13. doi: 10.1186/s13613-016-0112-1. Epub 2016 Feb 12.
• BACKGROUND: Esophageal pressure is used as a reliable surrogate of the pleural pressure. It is conventionally measured by an esophageal balloon placed in the lower part of the esophagus. To validate the correct position of the balloon, a positive pressure occlusion test by compressing the thorax dur
• PMID 26868503

• Respiratory mechanics and lung stress/strain in children with acute respiratory distress syndrome.

• Chiumello D1,2, Chidini G3, Calderini E4, Colombo A5, Crimella F6, Brioni M7.
• Annals of intensive care.Ann Intensive Care.2016 Dec;6(1):11. doi: 10.1186/s13613-016-0113-0. Epub 2016 Feb 5.
• BACKGROUND: In sedated and paralyzed children with acute respiratory failure, the compliance of respiratory system and functional residual capacity were significantly reduced compared with healthy subjects. However, no major studies in children with ARDS have investigated the role of different level
• PMID 26847436

• Lung stress, strain, and energy load: engineering concepts to understand the mechanism of ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI).

• Nieman GF1, Satalin J2, Andrews P3, Habashi NM3, Gatto LA4.
• Intensive care medicine experimental.Intensive Care Med Exp.2016 Dec;4(1):16. doi: 10.1186/s40635-016-0090-5. Epub 2016 Jun 18.
• It was recently shown that acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) mortality has not been reduced in over 15 years and remains ~40 %, even with protective low tidal volume (LVt) ventilation. Thus, there is a critical need to develop novel ventilation strategies that will protect the lung and re
• PMID 27316442

Japanese Journal

• Prediction of Vapor–Liquid Equilibria of Binary Systems at Reduced Pressures by Using Wilson Equation with Parameters Estimated from Pure-Component Properties

• KOBUCHI Shigetoshi,YONEZAWA Setsuko
• Journal of chemical engineering of Japan 47(1-3), 10-13, 2014-03
• NAID 40020026652

• Conversion of glycerol into allyl alcohol over potassium-supported zirconia-iron oxide catalyst

• Konaka Aya,Tago Teruoki,Yoshikawa Takuya,Nakamura Ayaka,Masuda Takao
• Applied catalysis b-environmental 146, 267-273, 2014-03
• … The catalytic conversion of glycerol was performed with iron oxide-based catalysts for production of allyl alcohol using a fixed-bed flow reactor at 623 K under atmospheric pressure. … Different alkali metals, including Na, K, Rb, and Cs were supported on ZrO2-FeOx and all of them gave impressively higher allyl alcohol yield and suppressed glycerol dehydration due to the reduced catalyst acidic property. …
• NAID 120005372320

• 非常態下における二次粒子生成・成長とその計測技術 (特別号 東アジアにおけるエアロゾルの植物・人間系へのインパクト) -- (エアロゾルの生成と排出源の評価)

• 藤本 敏行,瀬戸 章文,荻 崇 [他]
• エアロゾル研究 29 (Special Issue.1), 6-17, 2014-02
• NAID 40020005330

Related Links

• Reduced properties - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The reduced pressure is defined as its actual pressure p divided by its critical pressure p_c : p_r = {p \over p_c}. [edit.

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「vacuum」「hypobaric」「減圧」
拡張検索	「filtration under reduced pressure」
関連記事	「reduce」「reduced」「pressure」

「vacuum」

　　[★]

• n.

• 真空、減圧、吸引

関

aspirate、aspiration、hypobaric、inhalation、inhale、reduced pressure、suck、suction

　 　 　 　 　

「hypobaric」

　　[★]

• 減圧の、低圧の、低比重の

関

hypotonia、low density、low pressure、low-pressure、reduced pressure、vacuum

「減圧」

　　[★]

英

vacuum、reduced pressure、hypobaric

関

吸引、低圧、低比重、真空

「filtration under reduced pressure」

　　[★]

• 減圧濾過

関

vacuum filtration

「reduce」

　　[★]

• vt.

• 減少させる、縮小させる、減らす、(化学)還元する

• vi.

• (細胞などが)縮小する

関

decline、decrease、diminish、diminution、down-regulate、down-regulation、downregulate、downregulation、fall、lessen、loss、reduction、taper

　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　

「reduced」

　　[★]

• adj.

• 還元型の

関

reduced form

　

「pressure」

　　[★]

• n.

• 圧力