n.

吸引

関: aspirate、aspiration、inhalation、inhale、suck、vacuum

WordNet

remove or draw away by the force of suction; "the doctors had to suction the water from the patients lungs"
a force over an area produced by a pressure difference
empty or clean (a body cavity) by the force of suction; "suction the uterus in an abortion"
a will to succeed
a manner of articulation involving an audible release of breath
the act of inhaling; the drawing in of air (or other gases) as in breathing (同)inspiration, aspiration, intake, breathing in
clean with a vacuum cleaner; "vacuum the carpets" (同)vacuum-clean, hoover
the absence of matter (同)vacuity
an electrical home appliance that cleans by suction (同)vacuum_cleaner
a region that is devoid of matter (同)vacuity
draw something in by or as if by a vacuum; "Mud was sucking at her feet"
attract by using an inexorable force, inducement, etc.; "The current boom in the economy sucked many workers in from abroad" (同)suck_in
be inadequate or objectionable; "this sucks!"
draw into the mouth by creating a practical vacuum in the mouth; "suck the poison from the place where the snake bit"; "suck on a straw"; "the baby sucked on the mothers breast"
pronounce with aspiration; of stop sounds
suck in (air)
a consonant pronounced with aspiration
remove as if by suction; "aspirate the wound" (同)draw_out, suck out
draw deep into the lungs in by breathing; "Clinton smoked marijuana but never inhaled"
draw in (air); "Inhale deeply"; "inhale the fresh mountain air"; "The patient has trouble inspiring"; "The lung cancer patient cannot inspire air very well" (同)inspire, breathe in
a stop consonant made by the suction of air into the mouth (as in Bantu) (同)click

PrepTutorEJDIC

(圧力の差によって気体・液体を)吸い込むこと,吸引;吸引力
大望,熱望 / 呼気,呼吸 / 気音を伴って発音すること(例:penの[p],killの[k])
吸入;〈C〉吸入剤
真空 / 《単数形で》‘空虚',‘空所',空白 / (現実から隔離された)孤立状態 / 《米》=vacuum cleaner / ‘…を'電気そうじ機でそうじする / 電気掃除機をかける
帯気音(破裂音や破擦音の発音で,口腔を閉鎖して呼気圧の高まった後開放するとき生じる[h]に似た音) / 〈語・音節〉'を'帯気音として発音する
〈空気など〉‘を'吸い込む / 息(たばこの煙)を吸い込む

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2016/04/03 16:28:55」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

Suction is the flow of a fluid into a partial vacuum, or region of low pressure. The pressure gradient between this region and the ambient pressure will propel matter toward the low pressure area. Suction is popularly thought of as an attractive effect, which is incorrect since vacuums do not innately attract matter. Dust is "sucked" into a vacuum cleaner when it is pushed in by the higher pressure air on the outside of the cleaner. The higher pressure of the surrounding fluid can push matter into a vacuum but a vacuum cannot attract matter.

Humans can create a sucking effect with the use of the lips, as in the case of drinking through a straw.

Pumps

Pumps typically have an inlet where the fluid enters the pump and an outlet where the fluid comes out. The inlet location is said to be at the suction side of the pump. The outlet location is said to be at the discharge side of the pump. Operation of the pump creates suction (a lower pressure) at the suction side so that fluid can enter the pump through the inlet. Pump operation also causes higher pressure at the discharge side by forcing the fluid out at the outlet. There may be pressure sensing devices at the pump's suction and/or discharge sides which control the operation of the pump. For example, if the suction pressure of a centrifugal pump is too low, a device may trigger the pump to shut off to keep it from running dry; i. e. with no fluid entering.

Under normal conditions of atmospheric pressure suction can draw pure water up to a maximum height of approximately 10.3 m (33.9 feet).^[1]

In medicine, suction devices are used to clear airways of materials that would impede breathing or cause infections, to aid in surgery, and for other purposes.

References

^ (Calvert 2000, "Maximum height to which water can be raised by a suction pump")

Calvert, James B. (11 May 2000), Hydrostatics

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 最初の気管内挿管後に生じる合併症：集中治療室に入院する成人患者への予防とマネージメントcomplications of the endotracheal tube following initial placement prevention and management in adult intensive care unit patients [show details]
…should be suctioned regularly via the ETT using a sterile technique which has a sealed system that minimizes nosocomial contamination ("in-line" suctioning) . The optimal frequency of suctioning depends …
2. 人工呼吸器回路the ventilator circuit [show details]
… therefore, the patient can be suctioned without being disconnected from the ventilator With an open suction system, the patient is disconnected from the ventilator and then the suction catheter is passed through …
3. 小児における緊急時の気管内挿管emergency endotracheal intubation in children [show details]
…for suctioning particulate matter (eg, thick secretions and vomitus). Flexible suction catheters can be used for thin secretions in the nose, mouth, and hypopharynx, as well as for deep suctioning through …
4. Anesthesia for noncardiac surgery in adults with a ventricular assist deviceanesthesia for noncardiac surgery in adults with a ventricular assist device [show details]
…the aid of echocardiography to allow adequate left ventricular (LV) filling without development of suction (excessive emptying) with some aortic valve opening and no more than mild mitral regurgitation. …
5. Robotic groin hernia repairrobotic groin hernia repair [show details]
…be paid to eliminating all unnecessary disposable equipment. For example, disposable trocars, the suction-irrigator, and the vessel sealer should be available but only opened on a case-by-case basis. Likewise…

English Journal

A study of laparoscopic instrument use during colorectal surgery.

White EJ, McMahon M, Walsh MT, Coffey JC, O'Sullivan LW.
Applied ergonomics. 2019 Jul;78()301-308.
The aim of this study was to quantify laparoscopic instrument use and actions of both limbs during a sample of common colorectal surgical procedures. A method was devised using Observer XT software to code video recordings. Anonymised HD video recordings of nine laparoscopic colorectal procedures pe
PMID 29519498

Ion current and action potential alterations in peripheral neurons subject to uniaxial strain.

Bianchi F, Malboubi M, George JH, Jerusalem A, Thompson MS, Ye H.
Journal of neuroscience research. 2019 Jul;97(7)744-751.
Peripheral nerves, subject to continuous elongation and compression during everyday movement, contain neuron fibers vital for movement and sensation. At supraphysiological strains resulting from trauma, chronic conditions, aberrant limb positioning, or surgery, conduction blocks occur which may resu
PMID 30927386

Impact of molecular structure and charge property of chitosan based polymers on flocculation conditioning of advanced anaerobically digested sludge for dewaterability improvement.

Zhang W, Wang H, Li L, Li D, Wang Q, Xu Q, Wang D.
The Science of the total environment. 2019 Jun;670()98-109.
Anaerobically digested sludge is generally difficult to dewater due to the release of sticky soluble microbial products in anaerobic digestion. Traditional flocculation processes have the disadvantages of high chemical dosing and solid increase, thus affecting subsequent land application. Therefore,
PMID 30903908

Japanese Journal

組織吸引デバイスによる生体組織変形をトリガーとする臓器への遺伝子導入技術 (特集生体内分子送達技術とその応用 : ドラッグデリバリーシステムとその周辺技術)

清水一憲,川上茂
化学工学 = Chemical engineering of Japan 83(7), 402-404, 2019-07
NAID 40021959662

Fabrication of silicone rubber periodic micro-suction cup structures using a 193 nm ArF excimer laser

Okoshi Masayuki
Applied Physics Express 12(6), 062012-062012, 2019-05-28
NAID 210000155966

ＧＨＰの遠隔省エネルギー制御に対する実建物試験と実働エネルギー性能　大学施設における個別分散型空調機の運転制御に関する実践的研究　その１

田中英紀,澤村茂貴,奥宮正哉
日本建築学会環境系論文集 (758), 427-436, 2019-04
… 22.9 to 27.5% reduction at the outdoor unit suction temperature 41℃ in the cooling operation, and 14.9 to 15.6% reduction at the outdoor unit suction temperature 9℃in the heating operation against the GHP gas consumption compared with the normal control was confirmed.</p><p> 2) The indoor temperature and humidity environment in experiments using a real scale building was the same regardless of the control conditions, and it was confirmed that by applying this energy saving control, it was possible to …
NAID 130007639963

「100Cases 13」

　　[★]

☆case13　手の筋力の低下

■glossary

brisk adj. (人・態度が)活発な、元気のよい、きびきびした。ぶっきらぼうな、素っ気ない。(商売が)活況の(⇔dull)。小気味のよい、(大気など)爽快な、気持ちのよい。(味などが)ピリッとする。鋭い。(飲料が)盛んに泡立つ

dysarthria n. difficulty in articulating words due to disease of the central nervous system　構音障害

dysphasia n. loss of or deficiency in the power to use or understand language as a result of injury to or disease of the brain　失語症、言語障害

multidisciplinary adj. 集学的な

gastrostomy 胃瘻造設術

feeding gastrostomy n. Surgery A procedure in which an opening is created in the anterior wall of the stomach to allow suction decompression and improved respiratory function by eliminating the need for a nasogastric feeding tube

■症例

67歳、男性　元大学講師(retired university lecturer)

主訴：左手の筋力低下と筋萎縮

現病歴：左手を使った労作後に左手の筋力が低下する(例えば、ドライバーを使った後など)。前腕の筋に疝痛をみとめる。発話はわずかに流暢であり(slight slurred)、水を飲んだあとで窒息しだす。服用薬はシンバスタチン、アスピリン、アテノロール。喫煙はしない。飲酒は週にワインのボトルを1本あける。

既往歴：高血圧が15年間続いている。3年前に心筋梗塞。

家族歴：妻と暮らしている。大きくなった2人の子供がいる。

・診察 examination

　血圧：146/88 mmHg。心血管系、呼吸器系、腹部に異常を認めない。上肢に萎縮を認める。特に左手に著しい萎縮を認める。両側の上腕の筋にいくらか線維性筋攣縮を認める。筋力は左で全般的に低下(globaly reduced)、右手でわずかに低下。筋緊張は正常。上腕二頭筋反射・上腕三頭筋反射は両側ともに活発に認められる(brisk)。感覚喪失(sensory loss)は認めない。わずかに構音障害を認める

■キーワード＆着目するポイント

　筋萎縮、線維性筋攣縮、感覚喪失なし

■解説

(第1パラグラフ)　疫学

・この男は運動ニューロン疾患。

・この疾患は原因不明の疾患で、脊髄、脳神経核、運動皮質に影響を及ぼす。

・この病気は普通50-70歳で出現する。

(第2パラグラフ) 症状

・筋力低下と筋萎縮は一側の手か腕にあらわれるのが一般的　←　両側性でないということか。

・筋力低下は運動後に最も顕著に表れる

・前腕の疝痛は疾患の初期に一般的である。

・患者は下肢の筋力低下あるいは構音障害や言語障害を訴えてやってくることがある。

・この病態の特徴的な生理的徴候は線維性攣縮(筋束の不規則で早い収縮。下位運動ニューロンの障害を示唆)　→　下肢の運動ニューロン損傷による筋肉の脱神経が原因

・反射は著明　→　皮質運動ニューロンの喪失による。

・感覚喪失はない

(第3パラグラフ)　鑑別

・進行例では診断は容易だが、初期ではmore problematic。

・疲労で悪化する四肢の筋力低下は「重症筋無力症」と混乱する。

・老人における失語症と構音障害の原因は、「脳血管障害による偽性球麻痺」であることがより一般的。

・上肢に感覚障害を伴わない筋萎縮、線維束攣縮を呈する他の疾患として「頚髄症」がある。

・「外傷」や「心尖部肺癌(パンコースト腫瘍)」による腕神経叢の損傷で腕に症状があらわれるかもしれない。

・末梢運動神経優位のニューロパチーは対側性の筋力低下と反射の低下というパターンを起こす。　←　？

(第4パラグラフ)　症状・経過

・運動ニューロン疾患は進行性で不治の病態

・足の痙性麻痺を発現する傾向がある

・球麻痺は失語症と構音障害を起こす

・肛門括約筋は普通影響を受けない

・知能は一般的に影響を受けない

(第5パラグラフ)　治療・管理

・この病態に対して治癒的な治療法はない

・発症から平均生存期間は2-4年

・医師は診断と予後について患者と家族に説明しなければならない。

・集学的なチームはサポートを提供しなければいけない。

・病気が進行して発話が悪くなったとき、コンピュータの使用で会話は補助されうる。

・feeding gastrostomyは十分なカロリーの摂取を可能にするために必要かもしれない。

・非侵襲的な呼吸器は呼吸不全を補助するために使われうる

・普通、気管支肺炎で死亡する

■運動ニューロン疾患とは？

運動ニューロン疾患 motor neuron disease MND

■参考文献

HIM = Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine 17th Edition

CASES = 100 Cases in Clinical Medicine Second edition

IMD = 内科診断学第2版

「feeding gastrostomy」

　　[★]

Surgery A procedure in which an opening is created in the anterior wall of the stomach to allow suction decompression and improved respiratory function by eliminating the need for a nasogastric feeding tube. Cf nasogastric tube.