WordNet

the act of inhaling; the drawing in of air (or other gases) as in breathing (同)inspiration, aspiration, intake, breathing in
a product of your creative thinking and work; "he had little respect for the inspirations of other artists"; "after years of work his brainchild was a tangible reality" (同)brainchild
arousing to a particular emotion or action (同)stirring
a sudden intuition as part of solving a problem
arousal of the mind to special unusual activity or creativity
clean with a vacuum cleaner; "vacuum the carpets" (同)vacuum-clean, hoover
the absence of matter (同)vacuity
an electrical home appliance that cleans by suction (同)vacuum_cleaner
a region that is devoid of matter (同)vacuity
draw something in by or as if by a vacuum; "Mud was sucking at her feet"
attract by using an inexorable force, inducement, etc.; "The current boom in the economy sucked many workers in from abroad" (同)suck_in
be inadequate or objectionable; "this sucks!"
draw into the mouth by creating a practical vacuum in the mouth; "suck the poison from the place where the snake bit"; "suck on a straw"; "the baby sucked on the mothers breast"
pronounce with aspiration; of stop sounds
suck in (air)
a consonant pronounced with aspiration
remove as if by suction; "aspirate the wound" (同)draw_out, suck out
draw deep into the lungs in by breathing; "Clinton smoked marijuana but never inhaled"
draw in (air); "Inhale deeply"; "inhale the fresh mountain air"; "The patient has trouble inspiring"; "The lung cancer patient cannot inspire air very well" (同)inspire, breathe in

PrepTutorEJDIC

吸入;〈C〉吸入剤
〈U〉『霊感』,インスピレーション / 〈C〉インスピレーション(霊感,激励)を与える人(物,事) / (霊感によって得た)すばらしい考え(行動),天来の妙案 / 〈U〉息を吸いこむこと(inhalation)
真空 / 《単数形で》‘空虚',‘空所',空白 / (現実から隔離された)孤立状態 / 《米》=vacuum cleaner / ‘…を'電気そうじ機でそうじする / 電気掃除機をかける
帯気音(破裂音や破擦音の発音で,口腔を閉鎖して呼気圧の高まった後開放するとき生じる[h]に似た音) / 〈語・音節〉'を'帯気音として発音する
〈空気など〉‘を'吸い込む / 息(たばこの煙)を吸い込む

Wikipedia preview

出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2014/06/15 21:30:36」(JST)

wiki en

[Wiki en表示]

Inhalation (also known as inspiration) is the flow of air into an organism. It is a vital process for all human life. In humans it is the movement of air from the external environment, through the airways, and into the alveoli.

Inhalation begins with the contraction of the muscles attached to the rib cage; this causes an expansion in the chest cavity. Then takes place the onset of contraction of the diaphragm, which results in expansion of the intrapleural space and an increase in negative pressure according to Boyle's Law. This negative pressure generates airflow because of the pressure difference between the atmosphere and alveolus. Air enters, inflating the lung through either the nose or the mouth into the pharynx (throat) and trachea before entering the alveoli.

Other muscles that can be involved in inhalation include:^[1]

External intercostal muscles
Scalene muscles
Sternocleidomastoid muscle
Trapezius muscle

Hyperaeration

Hyperaeration or hyperinflation is where the lung volume is abnormally increased, with increased filling of the alveoli. This results in an increased radiolucency on X-ray, a reduction in lung markings and depression of the diaphragm. It may occur in partial obstruction of a large airway, as in e.g. congenital lobar emphysema, bronchial atresia and mucous plugs in asthma.^[2]

It causes one form of overexpansion of the lung. Overexpansion, however, can also be caused by increase in lung mass itself.

References

^ Physiology at MCG 4/4ch2/s4ch2_10^{[dead link]}
^ "Hyperinflation". Medcyclopaedia. GE. Archived from the original on 2012-02-05.

This respiratory system article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

UpToDate Contents

全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.

1. 煙の吸入 smoke inhalation
2. 成人における吸入器の使用 the use of inhaler devices in adults
3. 小児および思春期における吸入剤の乱用 inhalant abuse in children and adolescents
4. 過敏性肺臓炎（外因性アレルギー性肺胞炎）の診断 diagnosis of hypersensitivity pneumonitis extrinsic allergic alveolitis
5. 下肢末梢動脈疾患の症状を治療するための試験的治療 investigational therapies for treating symptoms of lower extremity peripheral artery disease

English Journal

Hemimellitene (1,2,3-trimethylbenzene) in the liver, lung, kidney, and blood, and dimethylbenzoic acid isomers in the liver, lung, kidney and urine of rats after single and repeated inhalation exposure to hemimellitene.

Świercz R1, Majcherek W2, Wąsowicz W3.
International journal of occupational medicine and environmental health.Int J Occup Med Environ Health.2016;29(1):113-28. doi: 10.13075/ijomeh.1896.00599.
OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study has been to explore hemimellitene distribution in blood, liver, lung and kidney as well as toxicokinetics of its elimination from blood of rats after single and repeated inhalation exposure to this compound. Tissue distribution and excretion with urine of 2-dimethylb
PMID 26489948

Genetic variants in TNFα, TGFB1, PTGS1 and PTGS2 genes are associated with diisocyanate-induced asthma.

Yucesoy B1,2, Kashon ML2, Johnson VJ3, Lummus ZL1, Fluharty K2, Gautrin D4, Cartier A4, Boulet LP5, Sastre J6, Quirce S7, Tarlo SM8,9, Cruz MJ10, Munoz X10, Luster MI11, Bernstein DI1.
Journal of immunotoxicology.J Immunotoxicol.2016 Jan;13(1):119-26. doi: 10.3109/1547691X.2015.1017061. Epub 2015 Sep 4.
Diisocyanates are the most common cause of occupational asthma, but risk factors are not well defined. A case-control study was conducted to investigate whether genetic variants in inflammatory response genes (TNFα, IL1α, IL1β, IL1RN, IL10, TGFB1, ADAM33, ALOX-5, PTGS1, PTGS2 and NAG-1/GDF15) are
PMID 25721048

Assessing human exposure and odor detection during showering with crude 4-(methylcyclohexyl)methanol (MCHM) contaminated drinking water.

Sain AE1, Dietrich AM2, Smiley E3, Gallagher DL4.
The Science of the total environment.Sci Total Environ.2015 Dec 15;538:298-305. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.08.050. Epub 2015 Aug 24.
In 2014, crude (4-methylcyclohexyl)methanol (MCHM) spilled, contaminating the drinking water of 300,000 West Virginians and requiring "do not use" orders to protect human health. When the spill occurred, known crude MCHM physicochemical properties were insufficient to predict human inhalation and in
PMID 26311585