- 同
- CF
- 同
- CF test
WordNet
- undergo a test; "She doesnt test well"
- any standardized procedure for measuring sensitivity or memory or intelligence or aptitude or personality etc; "the test was standardized on a large sample of students" (同)mental test, mental testing, psychometric test
- the act of undergoing testing; "he survived the great test of battle"; "candidates must compete in a trial of skill" (同)trial
- the act of testing something; "in the experimental trials the amount of carbon was measured separately"; "he called each flip of the coin a new trial" (同)trial, run
- a hard outer covering as of some amoebas and sea urchins
- put to the test, as for its quality, or give experimental use to; "This approach has been tried with good results"; "Test this recipe" (同)prove, try, try out, examine, essay
- achieve a certain score or rating on a test; "She tested high on the LSAT and was admitted to all the good law schools"
- determine the presence or properties of (a substance)
- show a certain characteristic when tested; "He tested positive for HIV"
- make complete or perfect; supply what is wanting or form the complement to; "I need some pepper to complement the sweet touch in the soup"
- a complete number or quantity; "a full complement"
- one of a series of enzymes in the blood serum that are part of the immune response
- something added to complete or embellish or make perfect; "a fine wine is a perfect complement to the dinner"; "wild rice was served as an accompaniment to the main dish" (同)accompaniment
- number needed to make up a whole force; "a full complement of workers" (同)full complement
- a word or phrase used to complete a grammatical construction
- either of two parts that mutually complete each other
- (histology) the preservation and hardening of a tissue sample to retain as nearly as possible the same relations they had in the living body (同)fixing
- the activity of fastening something firmly in position
- an examination of the characteristics of something; "there are laboratories for commercial testing"; "it involved testing thousands of children for smallpox"
- the act of subjecting to experimental test in order to determine how well something works; "they agreed to end the testing of atomic weapons"
- tested and proved useful or correct; "a tested method" (同)tried, well-tried
- tested and proved to be reliable (同)time-tested, tried, tried and true
PrepTutorEJDIC
- (人の能力などの)『試験』,考査,テスト / (物事の)『試験』,検済,試錬,実験《+of+名》 / 化学分析;試薬 / =test match / …‘を'『試験する』,検査する / …‘を'化学分析する / (…の)試験を受ける,試験をする《+for+名》
- (あるものを完全にするため)(…を)補う物(事)《+『of』+『名』》 / 補語(文法で文の成分の一つ) / (必要な)全数,全量;(船の)定員 / …を補足する,補う
- 固定,固着 / (…に対する)愛着,執着《+『on』+『名』》 / (写真のネガの)定着;(染料の)色留め
Wikipedia preview
出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』「2013/07/09 19:30:03」(JST)
[Wiki en表示]
The complement fixation test is an immunological medical test that can be used to detect the presence of either specific antibody or specific antigen in a patient's serum. It was widely used to diagnose infections, particularly with microbes that are not easily detected by culture methods, and in rheumatic diseases. However, in clinical diagnostics labs it has been largely superseded by other serological methods such as ELISA and by DNA-based methods of pathogen detection, particularly PCR.
Contents
- 1 Process
- 2 Testing for antigen
- 3 Quantitative testing
- 4 References
- 5 External links
|
Process[edit]
The complement system is a system of serum proteins that react with antigen-antibody complexes. If this reaction occurs on a cell surface, it will result in the formation of trans-membrane pores and therefore destruction of the cell. The basic steps of a complement fixation test are as follows:[1]
- Serum is isolated from the patient.
- Patients naturally have different levels of complement proteins in their serum. To negate any effects this might have on the test, the complement proteins in the patient's serum must be destroyed and replaced by a known amount of standardized complement proteins.
- The serum is heated in such a way that all of the complement proteins—but none of the antibodies—within it are destroyed. (This is possible because complement proteins are much more susceptible to destruction by heat than antibodies.)
- A known amount of standard complement proteins are added to the serum. (These proteins are frequently obtained from guinea pig serum.)
- The antigen of interest is added to the serum.
- Sheep red blood cells (sRBCs) [2] which have been pre-bound to anti-sRBC antibodies are added to the serum. The test is considered negative if the solution turns pink at this point and positive otherwise.
If the patient's serum contains antibodies against the antigen of interest, they will bind to the antigen in step 3 to form antigen-antibody complexes. The complement proteins will react with these complexes and be depleted. Thus when the sRBC-antibody complexes are added in step 4, there will be no complement left in the serum. However, if no antibodies against the antigen of interest are present, the complement will not be depleted and it will react with the sRBC-antibody complexes added in step 4, lysing the sRBCs and spilling their contents into the solution, thereby turning the solution pink.[1]
Testing for antigen[edit]
While detection of antibodies is the more common test format, it is equally possible to test for the presence of antigen. In this case, the patient's serum is supplemented with specific antibody to induce formation of complexes; addition of complement and indicator sRBC is performed as before.
Quantitative testing[edit]
The test can be made quantitative by setting up a series of dilutions of patient serum and determining the highest dilution factor that will still yield a positive CF test. This dilution factor corresponds to the titer.
References[edit]
- ^ a b http://highered.mcgraw-hill.com/sites/0072556781/student_view0/chapter31/animation_quiz_4.html
- ^ C. Vaman Rao (2005). Immunology: a textbook. Alpha Science Int'l Ltd. pp. 112–. ISBN 978-1-84265-255-8. Retrieved 3 December 2010.
External links[edit]
- Complement Fixation Tests at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
- http://www.cehs.siu.edu/fix/medmicro/cfix.htm
- http://www.dshs.state.tx.us/LAB/serology_cf.shtm
- Video animation and explanation
Medical test: Immunologic techniques and tests (CPT 86000–86849)
|
|
Immunologic techniques
and tests ·
serology/
diagnostic immunology |
Immunoprecipitation
|
Chromatin immunoprecipitation · Immunodiffusion (Ouchterlony double immunodiffusion, Radial immunodiffusion, Immunoelectrophoresis, Counterimmunoelectrophoresis)
|
|
Immunoassay
|
ELISA · ELISPOT · Enzyme Multiplied Immunoassay Technique · RAST test · Radioimmunoassay · Radiobinding assay · Immunofluorescence
|
|
Agglutination
|
Hemagglutination/Hemagglutinin (Coombs test) · Latex fixation test
|
|
Other
|
Nephelometry · Complement fixation test · Immunocytochemistry · Immunohistochemistry (Direct fluorescent antibody) · Epitope mapping · Skin allergy test · Patch test
|
|
|
Inflammation |
C-reactive protein · Procalcitonin
Total complement activity · MELISA
CBC (lymphocyte count)
|
|
|
cell/phys/auag/auab/comp, igrc
|
|
|
|
|
|
UpToDate Contents
全文を閲覧するには購読必要です。 To read the full text you will need to subscribe.
English Journal
- Strength analysis of clavicle fracture fixation devices and fixation techniques using finite element analysis with musculoskeletal force input.
- Marie C1.
- Medical & biological engineering & computing.Med Biol Eng Comput.2015 Aug;53(8):759-69. doi: 10.1007/s11517-015-1288-5. Epub 2015 Apr 8.
- In the cases, when clavicle fractures are treated with a fixation plate, opinions are divided about the best position of the plate, type of plate and type of screw units. Results from biomechanical studies of clavicle fixation devices are contradictory, probably partly because of simplified and vary
- PMID 25850983
- Brucella suis infection in domestic pigs in Sardinia (Italy).
- Pilo C1, Tedde MT1, Orrù G2, Addis G1, Liciardi M1.
- Epidemiology and infection.Epidemiol Infect.2015 Jul;143(10):2170-7. doi: 10.1017/S0950268814003513. Epub 2014 Dec 22.
- During a 4-year (2007-2010) survey, the presence of Brucella suis infection in domestic pigs in Sardinia was investigated. Serum samples were collected from breeding pigs located on 108 commercial farms with documented reproductive problems and analysed using the Rose Bengal (RBT) and complement fix
- PMID 25530227
- Contagious epididymitis due to Brucella ovis: relationship between sexual function, serology and bacterial shedding in semen.
- Picard-Hagen N1, Berthelot X2, Champion JL3, Eon L4, Lyazrhi F5, Marois M6, Peglion M7, Schuster A8, Trouche C9, Garin-Bastuji B10,11.
- BMC veterinary research.BMC Vet Res.2015 May 30;11:125. doi: 10.1186/s12917-015-0440-7.
- BACKGROUND: Contagious Epididymitis (CE) due to Brucella ovis (B. ovis) is a contagious disease that impairs rams' fertility due to epididymis, testicle and accessory sexual gland alterations. An increased incidence of CE has been observed in South Eastern France ("PACA" region) since the Rev.1 vacc
- PMID 26025374
Japanese Journal
- Improving a Complement-fixation Test for Equine Herpesvirus Type-1 by Pretreating Sera with Potassium Periodate to Reduce Non-specific Hemolysis
- BANNAI Hiroshi,NEMOTO Manabu,TSUJIMURA Koji [他]
- Journal of equine science 24(4), 71-74, 2013-12
- NAID 40019971791
- Improving a Complement-fixation Test for Equine Herpesvirus Type-1 by Pretreating Sera with Potassium Periodate to Reduce Non-specific Hemolysis
- , , , , ,
- Journal of Equine Science 24(4), 71-74, 2013
- … Non-specific hemolysis has often been observed during complement-fixation (CF) tests for equine herpesvirus type-1 (EHV-1), even when the sera have virus-specific CF antibodies. … Because pretreatment of swine sera with potassium periodate (KIO4) improves the CF test for swine influenza, we applied this method to horse sera. …
- NAID 130004431262
- Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in a clinical setting
- OTHMAN Norlijah,ISAACS David,DALEY Andrew J.,KESSON Alison M.
- Pediatrics international : official journal of the Japan Pediatric Society 50(5), 662-666, 2008-10-01
- NAID 10025345273
Related Links
- For more information, log on to- http://shomusbiology.weebly.com/ Download the study materials here- http://shomusbiology.weebly.com/bio-m... Source of all articles published in description is Wikipedia ...
- a test for diagnosing an infectious disease by detecting the presence of antibody in the blood, based on the fixing of a known quantity of complement to ... complement-fixation test n. An immunological test for ...
Related Pictures
★リンクテーブル★
[★]
- 英
- complement fixation test、CF
- 同
- 補体結合試験
- 関
- 補体結合反応
概要
-イメージ
抗体:有 → 抗体+抗原+補体 形成 → 補体↓ → ヒツジ白血球+抗ヒツジ白血球抗体:非溶血
抗体:無 → 抗体+抗原 のみ形成 → 補体不変 → ヒツジ白血球+抗ヒツジ白血球抗体: 溶血
流れ
- 1. 試験血清(抗体) + 抗原(希釈系列) + 補体
- 2. ヒツジ赤血球 + 抗ヒツジ赤血球抗体
- 3. 溶血が抑制されるかを観察する
[★]
- 英
- complement fixation test
- 関
- [[]]
- 特定の抗原に対する抗体の検出
- 1. 抗原 + 抗体 + 補体 を混ぜる → 抗原抗体複合体に補体が結合
- 2. 感作赤血球(ヒツジ赤血球 + ウサギ抗赤血球抗体)を加える
- → 補体が残存していれば 溶血する → 陰性 : 抗原抗体複合体が形成されず 、補体がたくさん存在した
- → 補体が残存してなければ 溶血しない → 陽性 : 抗原抗体複合体がたくさん形成され、補体が消費され尽くした
[★]
[★]
梅毒トレポネーマ補体結合反応
[★]
- 関
- anchorage、clamp、consolidation、fix、fixed、immobilisation、immobilise、immobilization、immobilize、repair、reparative、restoration、restore、retrieval
[★]
- 関
- assessment、data quality、exam、examination、examine、experimental design、matched group、measurement、research design、scoring method、test、trial
[★]
- 補って完全にする物、補完物。(免疫)補体
- (必要な)全数、善良
[★]
テスト