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a harmful or corrupting agency; "bigotry is a virus that must not be allowed to spread"; "the virus of jealousy is latent in everyone"
(virology) ultramicroscopic infectious agent that replicates itself only within cells of living hosts; many are pathogenic; a piece of nucleic acid (DNA or RNA) wrapped in a thin coat of protein
a software program capable of reproducing itself and usually capable of causing great harm to files or other programs on the same computer; "a true virus cannot spread to another computer without human assistance" (同)computer virus

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ビールス,ろ過性病原体

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出典(authority):フリー百科事典『ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』「2013/08/30 12:58:05」(JST)

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Brazilian hemorrhagic fever (BzHF) is an infectious disease caused by the Sabiá virus, an Arenavirus. The Sabiá virus is an enveloped RNA virus and is highly infectious and lethal.^[1]

The incubation period is between 7–16 days, during which signs and symptoms can develop. Initial signs and symptoms can include fever, eye redness, fatigue, dizziness, muscle aches, loss of strength, and exhaustion. Severe cases show signs of bleeding under the skin, internal organs, or from body orifices like the mouth, eyes, or ears. Severely ill patients show shock, nervous system malfunction, coma, delirium, and seizures.^[1]

The Sabiá virus can be acquired through inhalation, ingestion, the eyes, and contact with urine, saliva, blood, or feces of rodents.^[1]

The Sabiá virus is a Biosafety Level 4 pathogen.^[1]

To date, there have only been three reported infections of the Sabiá virus. Only one known case of naturally contracted Sabiá virus occurred in 19990 in a woman staying in the neighborhood of Jardim Sabiá, in Cotia, a city near São Paulo. Two other cases occurred in a clinical setting which are the viriologist who was responsible for the study of the woman's disease, contracted the disease as during the course of his research; he, fortunately, survived. Four years later, while working under level 3 biohazard conditions, a researcher at the Tropical Medicine Clinic at Yale-New Haven Hospital was exposed to the virus. Exposure apparently resulted when a centrifuge bottle containing infected tissue cracked and leaked into the spinning centrifuge, releasing aerosolized virus particles into the air. One of the scientists who was infected was treated with ribavirin.^[2]^[3]

This virus has also been implicated as a means for bioterrorism, as it can be spread through aerosols.^[4]

References[edit source | edit]

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d NRT Quick Reference Guide: Brazilian Hemorrhagic Fever (BzHF)
^ http://www.stanford.edu/group/virus/arena/2005/SabiaVirus.htm Sabia Virus
^ Barry, M.; Russi, M.; Armstrong, L.; Geller, D.; Tesh, R.; Dembry, L.; Gonzalez, J. P.; Khan, A. S. et al. (1995). "Treatment of a Laboratory-Acquired Sabiá Virus Infection". N Engl J Med 333 (5): 317–318. doi:10.1056/NEJM199508033330505. PMID 7596373. |displayauthors= suggested (help)
^ http://www.oregon.gov/DHS/ph/acd/bioterrorism/backvhf.pdf Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers and Bioterrorism

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★リンクテーブル★

リンク元	「新興感染症」「New World arenavirus」「Sabiaウイルス」
関連記事	「virus」

「新興感染症」

Sabiá virus
Virus classification
Group:	Group V ((-)ssRNA)
Family:	Arenaviridae
Genus:	Arenavirus
Species
	Sabiá virus

　　[★]

英: emerging infectious disease
関: 感染症、再興感染症

「これまで知られていなかったが、1973年以降に見いだされた病原体」
http://www.mext.go.jp/a_menu/shotou/clarinet/004/004/003.pdfより

新たにヒトでの感染が証明された疾患、あるいはそれまでその土地では存在しなかったが新たにそこでヒトの病気として現れてきたものなどとされています。原因が不明であった疾患のうち病原物質が明らかとなり、地域あるいは国際的に多くの人の健康に対して問題となるものも新興感染症の概念の中に含まれます。

一覧

年	病原微生物	種類	疾患
1973	Rotavirus	ウイルス	小児下痢症
1975	Parvovirus B19	ウイルス	伝染性紅班
1976	Cryptosporidium parvum	寄生虫	下痢症
1977	Eboravirus	ウイルス	エボラ出血熱
	Legionella pneumophila	細菌	レジオネラ症
	Hantaanvirus	ウイルス	腎症候性出血熱
	Campylobacter jejuni	細菌	下痢症
1980	Human T-lymphotropic virus-1	ウイルス	成人T細胞白血病
1980	Hepatitis D virus	ウイルス	D型ウイルス肝炎
1981	TSST-1-producing Staphylococcus aureus	細菌	毒素性ショック症候群
1982	Escherichia coli 0157:H7	細菌	腸管出血性大腸炎、溶血性尿毒症症候群
	Human T-lymphotropic virus-2⁽¹⁾	ウイルス	白血病
	Borrelia burgobrferi	細菌	ライム病
	Rickttsia japonica	細菌	日本紅斑熱
1983	Human immunodeficiency virus	ウイルス	後天性免疫不全症候群
1983	Helicobacter pylori	細菌	胃炎(胃潰瘍、十二指腸潰瘍、胃癌、MALTリンパ腫)
1985	Enterocytozoon bieneusi	寄生虫	持続性下痢症
1986	Cyclospora cayetanensis	寄生虫	持続性下痢症
1986	Prion⁽²⁾	プリオン	牛海綿状脳症
1988	Human herpesvirus-6	ウイルス	突発性発疹症
1988	Hepatitis E virus	ウイルス	E型肝炎
1989	Ehriichia chaffeensis	細菌	エールリキア症
	Hepatitis C virus	ウイルス	C型肝炎
	Clamydia pneumoniae	細菌	肺炎、気管支炎
1991	Guanarito virus	ウイルス	ベネズエラ出血熱
	Encephalitozoon heilem	寄生虫	結膜炎
	Newspecis of Babesia	寄生虫	非定型性バベシア症
1992	Vibrio choerae 0139	細菌	新型コレラ
1992	Bartoneiia henselae	細菌	猫ひっかき病
1993	Sin Nombre virus	ウイルス	ハンタウイルス肺症候群(成人呼吸窮迫症候群)
1993	Encephalitozoon cuniculi	真菌	ミクロスポリドーシス
1994	Sabia virus	ウイルス	ブラジル出血熱
1994	Hendra virus	ウイルス	ウイルス性脳炎
1995	Human herpesvirus-8	ウイルス	カポジ肉腫
1995	Hepatitis G virus	ウイルス	G型肝炎
1996	TSE causing agent	プリオン	新型クロイツフェルト・ヤコブ病
1996	Australian bat lyssavirus	ウイルス	ウイルス性脳炎
1997	Influenza A/H5N1	ウイルス	トリ型インフルエンザのヒト感染
1999	Nipa hvirus	ウイルス	急性脳炎
2003	SARS coronavirus	ウイルス	重症急性呼吸器症候群(SAR)